We report that Bi₂Se₃ thin films can be epitaxially grown on SrTiO₃ substrates, which allow for very large tunablity in carrier density with a back gate. The observed low field magnetoconductivity due to weak antilocalization (WAL) has gate-voltage dependence unless the electron is reduced values. Such transition WAL correlated unusual changes longitudinal and Hall resistivities. Our results suggest much suppressed bulk conductivity at negative gate voltages possible role of surface states phenomena.

We present point-contact Andreev reflection measurements of $X/\mathrm{N}\mathrm{b}$ contacts, where $X=\mathrm{Ni},$ Co, Fe, and Cu. Experimental conductance-voltage curves were analyzed with the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk theory [Phys. Rev. B 25, 4515 (1982)], extended to include polarization P metal proximity effects. For Ni, Fe can be well described by model Z as fitting parameters, is a dimensionless barrier strength included in describe elastic scattering at nonideal metal/superconductor...

A prominent feature of topological insulators (TIs) is the surface states comprising spin-nondegenerate massless Dirac fermions. Recent technical advances have made it possible to address transport properties TI thin films while tuning Fermi levels both top and bottom surfaces across point by electrostatic gating. This opened window for studying physics peculiar TIs. Here we report our discovery a novel planar Hall effect (PHE) from surface, which results hitherto-unknown resistivity...

We detected the spin polarization due to charge flow in nondegenerate surface state of a three-dimensional topological insulator by means an all-electrical method. The current bulk-insulating Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3 (BSTS) was injected/extracted through ferromagnetic electrode made Ni80Fe20, and unusual current-direction-dependent magnetoresistance gave evidence for appearance polarization, which leads spin-dependent resistance at BSTS/Ni80Fe20 interface. In contrast, our control experiment on...

The topological crystalline insulator SnTe has been grown epitaxially on a Bi${}_{2}$Te${}_{3}$ buffer layer by molecular beam epitaxy. In 30-nm-thick film, $p$- and $n$-type carriers are found to coexist, Shubnikov--de Haas oscillation data suggest that the Dirac fermions residing (111) surface. This transport observation of surface state in $p$-type became possible due downward band bending free surface, which appears be intrinsic origin.

As the boundary between sea and land, information on location type of coastline constantly changes with environmental in coastal zones. Monitoring long time series becomes important for monitoring assessment zone environment. In this study, Landsat images from five periods (1990, 2000, 2010, 2015, 2020) were selected analyzing length, sea–land pattern, index diversity, fractal dimension characteristics. Our conclusions are as follows: (1) The lengths entire artificial mainland China...

Majarona fermions (MFs) were predicted more than seven decades ago but are yet to be identified [1]. Recently, much attention has been paid search for MFs in condensed matter systems [2-10]. One of the seaching schemes is create MF at interface between an s-wave superconductor (SC) and a 3D topological insulator (TI) [11-13]. Experimentally, progresses have achieved observations proximity-effect-induced supercurrent [14-16], perfect Andreev reflection [17] conductance peak Fermi level [18]....

The charge-current-induced spin polarization is a key property of topological insulators for their applications in spintronics. However, surface states are expected to give rise only one type given current direction, which has been limiting factor manipulations. Here we report that devices based on the bulk-insulating insulator BiSbTeSe2, an unexpected switching was observed upon changing chemical potential. from detected heavily electron-doped device, whereas opposite reproducibly with low...

The newly discovered high-temperature superconductivity in La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ under pressure has attracted a great deal of attentions. essential ingredient characterizing the electronic properties is bilayer NiO$_2$ planes coupled by interlayer bonding $3d_{z^2}$ orbitals through intermediate oxygen-atoms. In strong coupling limit, low energy physics described an intralayer antiferromagnetic spin-exchange interaction $J_{\parallel}$ between $3d_{x^2-y^2}$ and one $J_{\perp}$ orbitals. Taking...

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated pain commonly predicts adverse events among patients. This clinical feature indicates the engagement of nociceptors on sensory neurons during development malignancy. However, it is yet to be determined if targeting oncometabolite-associated nociception processes can hinder OSCC progression. In this study, we reported that nociceptive endings infiltrating both samples and mouse tumor xenografts were with poorer outcomes drove progression...

We have investigated the conductance spectra of Sn-Bi2Se3 interface junctions down to 250 mK and in different magnetic fields. A number anomalies were observed below superconducting transition temperature Sn, including a small gap from that zero-bias peak growing up at lower temperatures. discussed possible origins smaller peak. These phenomena support proximity-effect-induced chiral phase is formed between Sn strong spin-orbit coupling material Bi2Se3.

One-dimensional Majorana modes are predicated to form in Josephson junctions based on three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs). While observations of supercurrents made bulk-insulating TI samples have been reported recently, the Fraunhofer patters observed such TI-based junctions, which sometimes present anomalous features, still not well-understood. Here, we report our study highly gate-tunable one most materials, BiSbTeSe2, and Al. The Fermi level can be tuned by gating across Dirac...

We have studied the electron transport properties of topological insulator-related material Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ near superconducting Pb-Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ interface, and found that a state is induced over an extended volume in Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$. This can carry Josephson supercurrent, demonstrates gaplike structure conductance spectra as probed by normal-metal electrode. The establishment gap not confining electrons into narrow space close to superconductor-normal metal previously...

Observations of novel quantum phenomena expected for three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) often require fabrications thin-film devices and tuning the Fermi level across Dirac point. Since thin films have both top bottom surfaces, an effective control surface chemical potential requires dual gating. However, a reliable dual-gating technique TI has not yet been developed. Here we report comprehensive method to fabricate dual-gated device demonstrate surfaces points. The most...

Using the superconducting proximity effect for engineering a topological state in insulator (TI) is promising route to realize Majorana fermions. However, epitaxial growth of superconductor on TI surface achieve good has been challenge. We discovered that simply depositing Pd thin films material ${({\mathrm{Bi}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{x})}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{3}$ leads an self-formation $\mathrm{Pd}{\mathrm{Te}}_{2}$ having transition temperature $\ensuremath{\sim}1$ K. This...

We recently reported that acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF bFGF) confer a broad-spectrum chemoresistance in solid tumors, inhibitors of these proteins enhanced the antitumor activity several anticancer drugs. The present study investigated effect FGF on doxorubicin human prostate PC3 tumors. In vitro studies, conditioned medium (CM) obtained from histocultures rat MAT-LyLu lung metastases different combinations recombinant induced 7- to 15-fold resistance. Suramin had no...

Electrical control of spin dynamics in ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ was investigated ring-type interferometers. Aharonov-Bohm and Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak resistance oscillations against a magnetic field, Aharonov-Casher the gate voltage were observed presence Berry phase $\ensuremath{\pi}$. A very large tunability precession angle by has been obtained, indicating that ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$-related materials with strong spin-orbit coupling are promising candidates for...

The present investigation of the South China Sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum resulted in discovery six new polyoxygenated diterpenes, namely sartrocheliols A–E (1, 3, 5–8) along with four known ones, 2, 4, 9, and 10. Based on extensive spectroscopic data analysis, sartrocheliol A (1) was identified as an uncommon capnosane diterpene, while B–E (3, were established cembrane diterpenes. They displayed diverse structural features not only at distinctly different carbon frameworks but...

The tunability of the chemical potential for a wide range encompassing Dirac point is important many future devices based on topological insulators. Here, we report method to fabricate highly efficient top gates epitaxially grown (Bi1−xSbx)2Te3 insulator thin films without degrading film quality. By combining an in situ deposited Al2O3 capping layer and SiNx dielectric at low temperature, were able protect from degradation during fabrication processes. We demonstrate that by using this gate,...

Two different theoretical approaches in the determination of spin polarization by point-contact Andreev reflection are discussed and compared from an experimental perspective. Both models can be used to extract results for a variety ferromagnetic materials including half-metallic ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}.$ The difference values as determined two is less than 0.02.

Recently, the transition metal dichalcogenide ${\mathrm{NbTe}}_{2}$ was predicted to be a candidate material of topological semimetal. Here we report magnetotransport data measured in two devices fabricated from nanoflakes. A nonsaturating linear magnetoresistance observed both at various temperatures. close analysis shows that is not consistent with Abrikosov quantum theory; instead, it can well explained framework effective-medium theory which describes classical inhomogeneous systems. Our...

Trace amounts of gangliosides were found in rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum and their main part was shown, by high performance thin layer chromatography, to be GM3. Addition GM3 the soybean phospholipids used for reconstitution proteoliposomes markedly increased ATP hydrolysis as well Ca 2+ uptake activity ‐ATPase incorporated into proteoliposomes. Conformation changes induced also observed intrinsic fluorescence circular dichroism measurements.