A5019520808- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Noise Effects and Management
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Face Recognition and Perception
- RNA regulation and disease
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Marine animal studies overview
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Neurological Complications and Syndromes
- Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Abdominal Trauma and Injuries
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
Washington University in St. Louis
2022-2025
KU Leuven
2007-2025
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2017-2024
The brainstem's lateral superior olive (LSO) is thought to be crucial for localizing high-frequency sounds by coding interaural sound level differences (ILD). Its neurons weigh contralateral inhibition against ipsilateral excitation, making their firing rate a function of the azimuthal position source. Since very first in vivo recordings, LSO principal have been reported give sustained and temporally integrating 'chopper' responses sounds. Neurons with transient were observed but largely...
The cortical column is one of the fundamental computational circuits in brain. In order to understand role neurons different layers this circuit play function it necessary identify boundaries that separate laminar compartments. While histological approaches can reveal ground truth they are not a practical means identifying vivo. gold standard for compartments electrophysiological recordings current-source density (CSD) analysis. However, CSD analysis requires averaging across reliably evoked...
To understand a visual scene, the brain segregates figures from background by assigning borders to foreground objects. Neurons in primate cortex encode which object owns border (border ownership), but underlying circuitry is not understood. Here, we used multielectrode probes record ownership-selective units different layers macaque area V4 study laminar organization and timing of ownership selectivity. We find that selectivity occurs first deep layer units, contrast spike latency for small...
Locomotion generates adventitious sounds which enable detection and localization of predators prey. Such contain brisk changes or transients in amplitude. We investigated the hypothesis that ill-understood temporal specializations binaural circuits subserve lateralization such sound transients, based on different time arrival at ears (interaural differences, ITDs). find Lateral Superior Olive (LSO) neurons show exquisite ITD-sensitivity, reflecting extreme precision reliability excitatory...
Coincidence detection by binaural neurons in the medial superior olive underlies sensitivity to interaural time difference (ITD) and correlation (rho). It is unclear whether this process akin a counting of individual coinciding spikes, or rather membrane potential waveforms resulting from converging inputs each side. We analyzed spike trains axons cat trapezoid body (TB) auditory nerve (AN) coincidence scheme. ITD was studied delaying "ipsi-" versus "contralateral" inputs; rho using...
The time it takes a sound to travel from source ear differs between the ears and creates an interaural delay. It varies systematically with spatial direction is generally modeled as pure delay, independent of frequency. In acoustical recordings, we found that delay frequency at fine scale. physiological recordings midbrain neurons sensitive preferred also Similar observations reported earlier were not incorporated in functional framework. We find dependence delays are matched key respects....
The lateral nucleus of the trapezoid body (LNTB) is a prominent in superior olivary complex mammals including humans. Its physiology vivo poorly understood due to paucity recordings. It thought provide glycinergic projection medial olive (MSO) with an important role binaural processing and sound localization. We combined patch clamp recordings labeling individual neurons Mongolian gerbil. Labeling recorded allowed us relate physiological properties anatomy at light electron microscopic...
SUMMARY Our perception of how objects are laid out in visual scenes is remarkably stable, despite rapid shifts the patterns light that fall on retina with each saccade. One mechanism may help establish perceptual stability border ownership assignment. Studies macaque area V2 have identified neurons signal which side a belongs to foreground surface. This persists for hundreds milliseconds after has been rendered ambiguous by deleting stimulus features distinguish from background. Remarkably,...
Recent success in identifying gene regulatory elements the context of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors have enabled cell type-restricted expression. However, within cerebral cortex these tools are presently limited to broad classes neurons. To overcome this limitation, we developed a strategy that led identification multiple novel enhancers target functionally distinct neuronal subtypes. By investigating landscape disease Scn1a, identified breadth its expression, including two...
Abstract The cortical column is one of the fundamental computational circuits in brain. In order to understand role neurons different layers this circuit play function it necessary identify boundaries that separate laminar compartments. While histological approaches can reveal ground truth they are not a practical means identifying vivo . gold standard for compartments electrophysiological recordings current-source density (CSD) analysis. However, CSD analysis requires averaging across...
Abstract To make sense of visual scenes, the brain must segment foreground from background. This is thought to be facilitated by neurons in primate system that encode border ownership (BOS), i.e. whether a local part an object on one or other side border. It unclear how these signals emerge neural networks without teaching signal what and In this study, we investigated BOS exist PredNet, self-supervised artificial network trained predict next image frame natural video sequences. We found...
Neural delays and coincidence detection are neural operations posited as key elements in temporal processing, the auditory system beyond. Although longstanding physiological evidence for detectors exists at a phenomenological level, mechanistic examinations have only recently been performed. We review intracellular recordings from two cell types which traditionally regarded prototypes of detectors. Neurons medial superior olive (MSO) sensitive to “coincidences” action potentials ipsi-...
Border ownership neurons in primate visual cortex (present especially areas V2 and V4) encode which side of a border belongs to an object, even if the defining stimulus information falls well outside classical receptive field. These signals are thought be critical for scene segmentation object recognition, but it remains unclear how they computed. Important missing pieces occurrence timing different cortical laminar compartments. Here we addressed this issue by mapping selectivity across...