A5074648980- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Climate change and permafrost
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Climate variability and models
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Marine and environmental studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis
- Vibration and Dynamic Analysis
- Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research
- Granular flow and fluidized beds
- Cruise Tourism Development and Management
- Mechanical Failure Analysis and Simulation
- Tribology and Lubrication Engineering
Icelandic Meteorological Office
2014-2025
Forestry Research Institute of Sweden
2015-2023
Volvo Cars (Sweden)
2000-2020
Volvo (Sweden)
2000-2020
Advanced Engineering (Czechia)
2017
Trees and Timber Institute
2015
Landsvirkjun (Iceland)
1991-2002
University of Iceland
1986-2002
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
2002
Chalmers University of Technology
2000
Abstract The length of time T M over which a glacier responds to prior change in climate is investigated with reference the linearized theory kinematic waves and results from numerical models. We show following: may general be estimated by volume time-scale describing required for step mass balance supply difference between initial final steady states. factor f classical estimate τ = ƒl/u , where I u terminus velocity, has simple geometrical interpretation. Ft ratio thickness averaged full...
Abstract A linear model of orographic precipitation that includes airflow dynamics, condensed water advection, and downslope evaporation is adapted for Iceland. The driven using coarse-resolution 40-yr reanalysis data from the European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ERA-40) over period 1958–2002. simulated in good agreement with observations accumulated various time scales, both terms magnitude distribution. results suggest captures main physical processes governing generation...
Abstract Icelandic glaciers cover ∼11 000 km 2 in area and store ∼3600 3 of ice. Starting 2008 during the International Polar Year, accurate digital elevation models (DEMs) are being produced with airborne lidar. More than 90% have been surveyed this effort, including Vatnajökull, Hofsjökull, Myrdalsjökull, Drangajökull, Eyjafjallajökull several smaller glaciers. The publicly available DEMs useful for glaciological geological research, studies ice-volume changes, estimation bias mass-balance...
In total, Icelandic ice caps contain ∼3600 km 3 of ice, which if melted would raise sea level by ∼1 cm. Here, we present an overview mass changes masses since the end 19th century. They have both gained and lost during this period. Changes in volume been estimated through surface balance measurements (performed annually ∼1990) differencing digital elevation models derived from various satellite airborne observations. While glaciers showed little loss as 20th century began, losses increased...
Abstract Glaciers are indicators of ongoing anthropogenic climate change 1 . Their melting leads to increased local geohazards 2 , and impacts marine 3 terrestrial 4,5 ecosystems, regional freshwater resources 6 both global water energy cycles 7,8 Together with the Greenland Antarctic ice sheets, glaciers essential drivers present 9,10 future 11–13 sea-level rise. Previous assessments glacier mass changes have been hampered by spatial temporal limitations heterogeneity existing data series...
Abstract A degree-day glacier mass-balance model is applied to three glaciers in Iceland, Norway and Greenland for which detailed measurements are available over a period of several years. Model results good agreement with measured variations the mass balance elevation time periods considered each glacier. In addition, explains 60-80% year-to-year variance elevation-averaged summer season on glaciers, using single parameter set The increase ablation due warming 2° C predicted range from...
Abstract A large rockslide was released from the inner Askja caldera into Lake Askja, Iceland, on 21 July 2014. Upon entering lake, it caused a tsunami that traveled about ∼3 km across lake and inundated shore with vertical runup measuring up to 60–80 m. Following event, comprehensive field data were collected, including GPS measurements of inundation multibeam echo soundings bathymetry. Using this exhaustive set, numerical modeling has been conducted using both nonlinear shallow water model...
The volume of glaciers in Iceland (∼3,400 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">k</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> 2019) corresponds to about 9 mm potential global sea level rise. In this study, observations from 98.7% glacier covered areas (in are used construct a record mass change Icelandic since the end 19th century i.e. Little Ice Age (LIA) Iceland....
Abstract The length of time T M over which a glacier responds to prior change in climate is investigated with reference the linearized theory kinematic waves and results from numerical models. We show following: may general be estimated by volume time-scale describing required for step mass balance supply difference between initial final steady states. factor f classical estimate τ = ƒl/u , where I u terminus velocity, has simple geometrical interpretation. Ft ratio thickness averaged full...
(Possible changes in glacier mass balance are among the most important consequences of future climate change with both local and global implications, such as discharge glacial rivers, vertical stratification upper layers Arctic Ocean, a rise sea level. The response Hofsjökull southern Vatnajökull ice caps Iceland to is analyzed vertically integrated, finite difference flow model coupled degree day model. Transient simulations forced scenario for Nordic countries, which Iceland, specifies...
Abstract Pro‐glacial landscapes are some of the most active on Earth. Previous studies pro‐glacial landscape change have often been restricted to considering either sedimentological, geomorphological or topographic parameters in isolation and mono‐dimensional. This study utilized field surveys digital elevation model (DEM) analyses quantify planform, volumetric at Sólheimajökull southern Iceland for multiple time periods spanning from 1960 2010. As expected, intense changes persistently...
Warming and degradation of permafrost during the ongoing climate change is growing concern. Recently, thawing has been recognized as a new factor triggering landslides in Iceland. Therefore, there an increased need for more thorough understanding distribution temporal evolution ground thermal regime this region. This study focuses on regional modelling temperature Iceland last six decades (1960–2016) by employing transient model CryoGrid 2 at 1-km spatial resolution. To account strong wind...
Abstract. During the melt season, absorbed solar energy, modulated at surface predominantly by albedo, is one of main governing factors controlling surface-melt variability for glaciers in Iceland. Using MODIS satellite-derived daily a gap-filled temporally continuous albedo product derived season (May to August (MJJA)) period 2000–2019. The data are thoroughly validated against available situ observations from 20 glacier automatic weather stations 2000–2018. results show that...
We present a model for water flow at the base of glacier implemented with Elmer/Ice Open-Source Finite-Element Software. The describes subglacial in connection emptying basal bodies and propagation glacial outburst flood (j&#246;kulhlaup) fronts using visco-elastic overlying combined turbulent thin-sheet flow. is based on Maxwell-elements1 combining linear elasticity non-linear viscous behaviour described by Glen's ice-flow law, and, introducing pressure variable, allowing...
The propagation of the surge Variegated Glacier into its terminal lobe was observed by daily surveying a longitudinal line closely spaced markers extending up glacier from “stagnant zone” thin (≈40 m), nearly motionless ice near terminus, across “front zone,” to “surge thicker (≈100 rapidly moving (>20 m d −1 ) above. Within front zone there were large angles upward motion (>30°), compressive strain rates (>0.1 ), and vertical velocities (>5 ). parallel surface, gradients small....
Abstract. The Little Ice Age maximum extent of glaciers in Iceland was reached about 1890 AD and most the country have retreated during 20th century. A model for surface mass balance flow is used to reconstruct century retreat history Hoffellsjökull, a south-flowing outlet glacier ice cap Vatnajökull, which located close southeastern coast Iceland. bedrock topography surveyed with radio-echo soundings 2001. wealth data are available force constrain model, e.g. elevation maps from ~1890,...
ABSTRACT Mass-balance measurements of Icelandic glaciers are sparse through the 20th century. However, large archive stereo images available allows estimates glacier-wide mass balance ( $\dot{B}$ ) in decadal time steps since 1945. Combined with climate records, they provide further insight into glacier–climate relationship. This study presents a workflow to process aerial photographs (1945–1995), spy satellite imagery (1977–1980) and modern (since 2000) using photogrammetric techniques...
Abstract. Sub-meter resolution, stereoscopic satellite images allow for the generation of accurate and high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) over glaciers ice caps. Here, repeated stereo Drangajökull cap (NW Iceland) from Pléiades WorldView2 (WV2) are combined with in situ estimates snow density densification firn fresh to provide first glacier-wide geodetic winter mass balance obtained imagery. Statistics snow- ice-free areas reveal similar vertical relative accuracy (< 0.5 m)...
Abstract Non-surface mass balance is non-negligible for glaciers in Iceland. Several Icelandic are the neo-volcanic zone where a combination of geothermal activity, volcanic eruptions and heat flux much higher than global average lead to basal melting close 150 mm w.e. −1 Mýrdalsjökull ice cap 75 largest cap, Vatnajökull. Energy dissipation flow water also rather large high-precipitation, temperate Iceland resulting internal 20–150 . The total non-surface 1995–2019 was 45–375 on main caps,...