The frequency of extreme drought events has been rising worldwide, but due to its unpredictability, how plants will respond remains poorly understood. Here, we aimed characterize the hydraulics and photosynthesis savanna drought, tested whether they can subsequently recover after drought. There was an in 2019 Southwest (SW) China. We investigated photosynthetic gas exchange, leaf-, stem-, whole-shoot hydraulic conductance 18 plant species with diverse leaf habits (deciduous, semi-deciduous...

Abstract. 1. The interaction between Ficus species and their pollinating wasps (Agaonidae) represents a striking example of mutualism. Figs also shelter numerous non‐pollinating chalcids that exploit the fig–pollinator 2. Previous studies showed weak negative correlation numbers adults emerging from same fruit. Little is known about patterns intensities interactions fig wasps. In Xishuangbanna tropical rainforests China, dioecious hispida L. pollinated by Ceratosolen solmsi marchali Mayr...

Nitrogen (N) deposition is expected to have great impact on forest ecosystems by affecting many aspects of plant–environmental interactions, one which involves its influences plant water relations through modifications hydraulic architecture. However, there a surprising lack integrative study tree architecture responses N deposition, especially at the whole-plant level. In present study, we used 5-year addition experiment simulate effects six different levels (20–120 kg ha −1 year ) growth...

Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) have been proposed to play an important role in maintaining the hydraulic integrity of trees, particularly environments with high risks embolism formation, but knowledge about interaction between NSC reserves and xylem hydraulics is still very limited. We studied variation traits Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. (Korean pine) March June across a relatively large altitudinal gradient Changbai Mountain Northeast China. One major aims was investigate potential...

Abstract Legumes account for a significant proportion of plants in the terrestrial ecosystems. Nitrogen (N)-fixing capability certain legumes is pivotal trait that contributes to their ecological dominance. Yet, functional traits and relationships between N-fixer non-N-fixer are poorly understood. Here, we investigated 27 associated with morphology, nutrients, hydraulic conductance photosynthesis 42 woody (19 N-fixers 23 non-N-fixers) common garden. Our results showed had higher specific...

Determining how xylem vessel diameters vary among plants and across environments gives insights into different water-use strategies species ultimately their distributions. Here, we tested the dimorphism hypothesis that simultaneous occurrence of many narrow a few wide vessels lianas an advantage over trees in seasonally dry environments.We measured 13,958 from 15 liana 10,430 16 tree tropical seasonal rainforest, savanna, subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest. We compared differences mean...

The effects of soil flooding on gas exchange and photosystem 2 (PS2) activity were analyzed in leaves Phragmites australis, Carex cinerascens, Hemarthria altissima. Pronounced decrease net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance with was found only C. cinerascens. No significant changes PS2 observed all three species which suggests that the apparatus not damaged. Among species, H. altissima is better adapted to than P. australis

Characterizing differences in key functional traits between simple-leaved (SL) and compound-leaved (CL) tree species can contribute to a better understanding of the adaptive significance compound leaf form. In particular, this information may provide mechanistic explanation long-proposed fast-growth hypothesis CL species. Here, using five SL co-occurring typical temperate forest Northeast China, we tested whether higher hydraulic efficiency underlies potentially high photosynthetic capacity...

Summary Mistletoes play important roles in biogeochemical cycles. Although many studies have compared nutrient concentrations between mistletoes and their hosts, no general patterns been found the uptake mechanisms not fully resolved. To address water relations with we measured 11 elements, two isotope ratios leaf morphological traits for mistletoe 104 host species from four sites across a large environmental gradient southwest China. had significantly higher phosphorus, potassium, boron...

SUMMARYThe winter-blooming plant Elsholtzia rugulosa produces nectar with high levels of phenolics, compounds known to both attract and deter flower visitors. In an effort begin elucidating the interaction between phenolics visitation E. by native honey bee, Apis cerana, we investigated effects phenolic-laced sugar syrup on bees feeding behaviour. Honey fed more foraged for immediate consumption when were presented in food. Foraging data suggest that is not impediment A. cerana rugulosa;...

Abstract Differences in traits between lianas and trees tropical forests have been studied extensively; however, few compared the ecological strategies of from different habitats. Here, we measured 25 leaf stem concerning anatomy, morphology, physiology hydraulics for 17 liana species a seasonal rainforest 19 valley savanna south-west China. We found that had higher vessel density, wood density lower hydraulically weighted diameter theoretical hydraulic conductivity than lianas. Compared...

The distribution limits of many plants are dictated by environmental conditions and species’ functional traits. While studies have evaluated how plant is driven conditions, there not investigating xylem vessel properties with altitude, whether these traits correlate altitudinal tree. Here, we investigated the upper for ten deciduous broadleaf tree species from three temperate montane forest communities along a large elevational gradient on north-facing slope Changbai Mountain in Northeast...

Abstract Premise Stem xylem transports water and nutrients, mechanically supports aboveground tissues, stores nonstructural carbohydrates. These three functions are associated with types of cells—vessel, fiber, parenchyma, respectively. Methods We measured stem theoretical hydraulic conductivity ( K t ), modulus elasticity (MOE), tissue content, starch, soluble sugars, cellulose, anatomical traits in 15 liana 16 tree species across contrasting sites Southwest China. Results Lianas had higher...

Maintaining open flowers is critical for successful pollination and depends on long-term water carbon balance. Yet the relationship between how flower hydraulic traits are coordinated in different habitats poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that coordination trade-offs floral hydraulics economics independent of environmental conditions. To test this hypothesis, investigated a total 27 six aquatic terrestrial herbaceous species grown tropical botanical garden. We found although there...

Mistletoes absorb water from the vascular system of their hosts and thus use mistletoes can be influenced by status besides abiotic environmental conditions; however, there is a lack studies on dynamics mistletoe utilization in relation to both types controlling factors. By building canopy platform at 20 m above ground, we monitored dynamic changes sap flow Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai (Loranthaceae) combination with continuous measurements microclimatic variables volumetric content (VWC)...

Abstract Questions Lianas contribute substantially to the diversity and function of ecosystems. What is relative importance environmental filtering spatial processes on structuring liana beta at taxonomic, functional phylogenetic levels? Is there any synergy between these drivers (environmental factors distance) shaping three dimensions in a savanna community? Location A dry‐hot valley Yunnan Province, southwest China. Methods We established 30 20 m × plots collect data distribution 22...

Abstract Patterns in functional trait variation associated with the ecological strategies of lianas and trees subtropical montane forests remain poorly understood due to lack comparisons. Here, we filled this gap by investigating divergence between different leaf habits for 13 traits 33 species (7 deciduous 4 evergreen liana species, 10 12 tree species) a forest southwestern China. We found that had significantly larger stem xylem vessel diameter, higher theoretical hydraulic conductivity,...

Gas exchange of Carex cinerascens was carried out in Swan Islet Wetland Reserve (29°48' N, 112°33' E). The diurnal photosynthetic course C. the flooded and nonflooded conditions were analyzed through radial basis function (RBF) neural network approach to evaluate influences environmental variables on activity. inhibition photosynthesis induced by soil flooding can be attributed reduced stomatal conductance (g s), deficiency Rubisco regeneration decreased chlorophyll (Chl) content. As...