A5079411115- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis C virus research
- interferon and immune responses
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Sex work and related issues
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
2017-2025
Henry M. Jackson Foundation
2017-2025
Moderna Therapeutics (United States)
2024-2025
Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science
2017-2023
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2014-2021
National Institutes of Health
2015-2021
Thai Red Cross Society
2020-2021
HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration
2011-2019
Leidos (United States)
2016
UNSW Sydney
2012-2014
Objective: To determine the associations of markers immune activation with atherosclerosis and mortality, in participants treated suppressed HIV infection. Design: Observational study 149 HIV-infected virologic suppression on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Cryopreserved mononuclear cells plasma were used to evaluate T cell monocyte activation, inflammation coagulopathy. Carotid artery intima–media thickness (CIMT) was measured by high-resolution ultrasound at common, bifurcation internal...
Before initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-specific CD8+ T cells are dysfunctional and short lived. To better understand the relationship between HIV reservoir in CD4+ magnitude differentiation status cells, we investigated these from acute chronic HIV-infected individuals after 2 years ART. Although both cell responses declined significantly ART, sustained correlated with a greater reduction integrated provirus. However, specific for Gag, Pol, Nef, Vif proteins positively...
Despite the major advances in management of HIV infection, HIV-infected patients still have greater morbidity and mortality than general population. Serious non-AIDS events (SNAEs), including malignancies, cardiovascular events, renal hepatic disease, bone disorders neurocognitive impairment, become causes antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. SNAEs occur at rate 1 to 2 per 100 person-years follow-up. The pathogenesis is multifactorial includes direct effect associated immunodeficiency,...
Human Ag‐specific CD4 + T cells can be detected by their dual expression of CD134 (OX40) and CD25 after a 44 hours stimulation with cognate Ag. We show that surface CD39 on consistently identifies substantial population have Treg‐cell‐like phenotype mostly originate from bulk memory CD45RO CD127 low high Treg cells. Viable, could expanded in vitro as cell lines clones, retained Forkhead Box Protein 3, CTLA‐4 expression, suppressive activity Ag specificity. also utilised this combination...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and increased arterial inflammation. In HIV, inflammation also within lymph nodes (LNs), tissues known to harbor the even among treated suppressed individuals.
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist and PGT121 (broadly neutralizing antibody, bnAb) administration previously delayed viral rebound induced SHIV remission. We evaluated the impact of GS-986 (TLR7 agonist) dual bnAbs on after antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption. Rhesus macaques inoculated with SHIV-1157ipd3N4 were initiated daily suppressive ART from Day 14 post inoculation. Active arm animals (n = 8) received GS-986, N6-LS plasma suppression, starting week 14. immune activation...
Harnessing CD8+ T cell responses is being explored to achieve HIV remission. Although HIV-specific cells become dysfunctional without treatment, antiretroviral therapy (ART) partially restores their function. However, the extent of this recovery under long-term ART less understood.We analyzed differentiation status and function after initiated in acute or chronic infection ex vivo upon vitro recall.ART initiation any stage promoted persistence long-lived with high expansion (P<0·0008)...
Host restriction factors play key roles in innate antiviral defense, but it remains poorly understood which of them restricts HIV-1 vivo. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomic analysis to identify host associated with control during acute infection by correlating gene expression viral RNA abundance within individual cells. Wide sequencing cells from one participant the highest plasma load revealed that intracellular transcription correlates inversely PTMA , encodes prothymosin α. This...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection may further compromise immunological and cognitive function in people with HIV (PWH). This study compared laboratory neuropsychiatric measures across the periods of HCV seroconversion direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy sustained virologic response (SVR) among PWH who initiated antiretroviral (ART) during acute infection (AHI) acquired after 24 weeks ART. Participants from RV254 AHI cohort underwent paired assessments follow-up visits. The former...
The management of corticosteroid refractory immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is currently unclear. Infliximab administration was associated with clinical improvement without significant adverse events in 3 patients mycobacterial IRIS. Immunologic and virologic responses to antiretroviral therapy were unaffected. Tumor necrosis factor blockade may be beneficial for IRIS warrants further study trials.
Abstract Background mRNA-1345 is an investigational RSV vaccine that has demonstrated efficacy for the prevention of lower-respiratory tract disease in older adults. The duration protection and need revaccination have not yet been defined. Interim findings are presented from a phase 3 trial evaluating at 12 months after primary dose adults aged ≥ 50 years. Figure 1. Methods Part C multi-part, ongoing, (NCT05330975) evaluated safety, tolerability, immunogenicity open-label with (50 µg)...
ABSTRACT Lymph node T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and germinal center (GC) B are critical to generate potent antibodies but rarely possible study in humans. To understand how Tfh/GC B-cell interactions during acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) impact the generation of HIV-specific antibodies, we performed a unique cross-sectional analysis inguinal lymph biopsies taken prior antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation AHI. Although total Tfh GC cell frequencies did not change AHI, increased...
The number of patients taking immunosuppressive drugs for the management autoimmune inflammatory conditions is increasing.The general practitioner needs to be active in preventing, monitoring and managing adverse effects these even long after treatment has ceased.monitoring required because increase risks infection, malignancy, cardiovascular disease bone marrow suppression.Some have additional which require specific monitoring.Vigilance needed as may atypical clinical presentations.
Studies utilizing highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and simian-human (SHIV) have largely focused on the immunopathology of central nervous system (CNS) during end-stage neurological AIDS SIV encephalitis. However, this may not model pathophysiology in earlier stages infection. In nonaccelerated SHIV model, plasma RNA levels peripheral blood colonic CD4+ T cell counts mirrored early human (HIV) infection humans. At 12 weeks postinfection, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)...
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an aberrant response in individuals with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. The pathogenesis of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)–associated IRIS has not been fully elucidated. We investigated monocyte and CD4+ T-cell responses vitro, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) expression tissues, plasma cytokines markers, 13 HIV-infected patients MAC-IRIS 14 HIV-uninfected pulmonary MAC...
The ability of antiretroviral drugs to penetrate and suppress viral replication in tissue reservoir sites is critical for HIV remission. We evaluated concentrations lymph nodes their impact on transcription.Participants the RV254/SEARCH010 Acute Infection Cohort Thailand were enrolled. Group 1 (n = 6) initiated continued antiretrovirals with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), dolutegravir (DTG) mar- aviroc (MVC). 2 12) NRTIs as well efavirenz switched DTG....
Abstract Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that affects many regions of the world. Infection, in utero, causes microcephaly and later developmental neurologic impairments. The impact ZIKV infection on neurocognition adults has not been well described. objective study was to assess neurocognitive adult rhesus macaques. Methods Neurocognitive assessments were performed using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) via touch screen modified...
BackgroundCombination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively controls human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but does not eliminate HIV, and lifelong treatment is therefore required. HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses decline following cART initiation. Alterations in other immune that may assist eliminating latent HIV infection, specifically antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) phagocytosis (ADP), are unclear.