A5003938524- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Landslides and related hazards
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geological formations and processes
- Climate variability and models
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Mineralogy and Gemology Studies
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
British Geological Survey
2016-2024
Genetique Reproduction and Developpement
2022
Inserm
2022
Université Clermont Auvergne
2022
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2022
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
2014-2017
Natural Environment Research Council
2017
University of Bristol
2014-2016
Abstract On Dec. 22, 2018, at approximately 20:55–57 local time, Anak Krakatau volcano, located in the Sunda Straits of Indonesia, experienced a major lateral collapse during period eruptive activity that began June. The discharged volcaniclastic material into 250 m deep caldera southwest which generated tsunami with runups up to 13 on adjacent coasts Sumatra and Java. caused least 437 fatalities, greatest number from volcanically-induced since catastrophic explosive eruption 1883 sector...
Eruptive column models are powerful tools for investigating the transport of volcanic gas and ash, reconstructing past explosive eruptions, simulating future hazards. However, evaluation these is challenging as it requires independent estimates main model inputs (e.g. mass eruption rate) outputs height). There exists no database independently estimated source parameters (ESPs) that extensive, standardized, maintained, consensus-based. This paper introduces Independent Volcanic Eruption...
Abstract The 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) super-eruption was the largest volcanic eruption of past 200 in Europe. Tephra deposits indicate two distinct plume forming phases, Plinian and co-ignimbrite, characteristic many caldera-forming eruptions. Previous numerical studies have characterized as a single-phase event, potentially leading to inaccurate assessment dynamics. To reconstruct volume, intensity, duration tephra dispersal, we applied computational inversion method that explicitly...
Abstract Estimating the area of tephra fallout and volume large magnitude eruptions is fundamental to interpretations hazards posed by this scale. This study uses from caldera forming eruption Mount Mazama (Crater Lake, OR, USA) demonstrate challenges faced when working with prehistoric deposits outlines methodologies required determine magnitude. We combine > 250 occurrences, reported a range disciplines (including archaeology, paleoclimatology volcanology), new field studies better...
Abstract As demonstrated at Anak Krakatau on December 22 nd , 2018, tsunamis generated by volcanic flank collapse are incompletely understood and can be devastating. Here, we present the first high-resolution characterisation of both subaerial submarine components collapse. Combined Synthetic Aperture Radar data aerial photographs reveal an extensive failure that bounds pre-event deformation products. To southwest volcano, bathymetric seismic reflection a blocky landslide deposit (0.214 ±...
Abstract Tephra deposits in the deep sea can survive undisturbed for long periods of time and, on regional scales, tend to be much better preserved than their subaerial counterparts. In this study, grain size distributions and thicknesses tephra from Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption (39 000 yr BP; magnitude c. 7.7) thirty-three cores are analysed infer key parameters. Distal thickness data show an exponential decrease with distance source. Such trends difficult identify distal owing...
Abstract Rapid and simple estimation of the mass eruption rate (MER) from column height is essential for real‐time volcanic hazard management reconstruction past explosive eruptions. Using 134 eruptive events new Independent Volcanic Eruption Source Parameter Archive (IVESPA, v1.0), we explore empirical MER‐height relationships four measures height: spreading level, sulfur dioxide height, top direct observations as reconstructed deposits. These show significant differences highlight...
Characterization of explosive volcanic eruptive processes from interpretation deposits is a key for assessing hazard and risk, particularly infrequent large eruptions those whose are transient in the geological record. While eruption size-determined by measurement tephra fall deposits-is particular importance, uncertainties such measurements volume estimates rarely presented. Here, derived isopach maps produced modeling raw thickness data as cubic B-spline curves under tension. Isopachs...
Abstract In this study, we combine reconstructions of volcanological data sets and inputs from a structured expert judgment to produce first long‐term probability map for vent opening location the next Plinian or sub‐Plinian eruption Somma‐Vesuvio. past, volcano has exhibited significant spatial variability in location; can exert control on where hazards materialize (particularly pyroclastic density currents). The new mapping been performed through (i) development maps with Gaussian kernel...
Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are hazardous and destructive phenomena that pose a significant threat to communities living in the proximity of active volcanoes. PDCs ground-hugging comprised high temperature mixtures pyroclasts, lithics, gas can propagate kilometres away from their source. The physical properties solid particles, such as grain size distribution, morphology, density, componentry play crucial role determining dynamics impact these flows. modification during transport...
Abstract Tephra layers in marine sediment cores from scientific ocean drilling largely record high‐magnitude silicic explosive eruptions the Japan arc for up to last 20 million years. Analysis of thickness variation with distance 180 tephra a global data set suggests that majority visible used this study are products caldera‐forming magnitude (M) > 6, considering their distances at respective sites likely volcanic sources. Frequency indicates marked increase rates large ∼8 Ma, 6–4 and...
Abstract Coignimbrite plumes provide a common and effective mechanism by which large volumes of fine‐grained ash are injected into the atmosphere. Nevertheless, controls on formation these as function eruptive conditions still poorly constrained. Herein, two 1‐D axysymmetric steady state models were coupled, first describing parent pyroclastic density current second plume rise. Global sensitivity analysis is applied to investigate coignimbrite describe source maximum height attained. For...
Abstract Understanding the location, intensity, and likely duration of volcanic hazards is key to reducing risk from eruptions. Here, we use a novel near-real-time dataset comprising Volcanic Ash Advisories (VAAs) issued over 10 years investigate global rates durations explosive activity. The VAAs were collected nine Advisory Centres (VAACs) worldwide. Information extracted allowed analysis frequency type behaviour, including eruption source parameters (ESPs) such as cloud height duration....
Abstract. We present developments to the physical model and open-source numerical code IMEX_SfloW2D (de' Michieli Vitturi et al., 2019). These consist of a generalization depth-averaged (shallow-water) fluid equations describe polydisperse fluid–solid mixture, including terms for sedimentation entrainment, transport solid particles different sizes, components carrier phase, an equation temperature/energy. Of relevance simulation volcanic mass flows, vaporization entrainment water are...
Abstract Volcano observatories (VOs) around the world are required to maintain surveillance of their volcanoes and inform civil protection aviation authorities about impending eruptions. They often work through consolidated procedures respond volcanic crises in a timely manner provide service community aimed at reducing potential impact an eruption. Within International Airways Watch (IAVW) framework Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), designated State Observatories (SVOs) asked operate...
Volcanic tephra fall deposits, which form during explosive eruptions, are commonly characterized in terms of their thickness and grainsize. While significant efforts have been undertaken to relate spatial trends plume dispersion processes, comparably few studies focused on understanding variations Yet, grainsize is a key parameter providing insight into eruption dynamics, from magma fragmentation transport modulates the impacts tephra. Here, we present set data extracted published record for...