A5085676319- Gut microbiota and health
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Helminth infection and control
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Trace Elements in Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2021-2025
University of Illinois System
2023
Oregon State University
2015-2022
University of California, Davis
2010-2019
University of California Davis Medical Center
2014-2018
Central Washington University
2010-2011
Abstract Western diet (WD) is one of the major culprits metabolic disease including type 2 diabetes (T2D) with gut microbiota playing an important role in modulating effects diet. Herein, we use a data-driven approach (Transkingdom Network analysis) to model host-microbiome interactions under WD infer which members contribute altered host metabolism. Interrogation this network pointed taxa potential beneficial or harmful on host’s We then validate functional predicted bacteria regulating...
Growing evidence indicates that disrupting the microbial community comprises intestinal tract, known as gut microbiome, can contribute to development or severity of disease. As a result, it is important discern agents responsible for microbiome disruption. While animals are frequently exposed diverse array environmental chemicals, little about their effects on stability and structure. Here, we demonstrate how zebrafish be used glean insight into chemical exposure structure ecological...
Our understanding of mammalian evolution has become microbiome-aware. While emerging research links biodiversity and the gut microbiome, we lack insight into which microbes potentially impact evolution. Microbes common to diverse species may be strong candidates, as their absence in affect how microbiome functionally contributes physiology adversely fitness. Identifying such conserved is thus important ultimately assessing microbiome’s potential role To advance discovery, developed an...
Helminth parasites represent a significant threat to the health of human and animal populations, there is growing need for tools treat, diagnose, prevent these infections. Recent work has turned gut microbiome as utilitarian agent in this regard; components may interact with influence their success gut, meaning that encode new anthelmintic drugs. Moreover, parasite infections restructure microbiome's composition consistent ways, implying be useful diagnosing infection. The innovation...
HIV causes rapid CD4+ T cell depletion in the gut mucosa, resulting immune deficiency and defects intestinal epithelial barrier. Breakdown barrier integrity is linked to chronic inflammation disease progression. However, early effects of on epithelium, prior depletion, are not known. Further, impact viral infection mucosal responses pathogenic commensal microbes has been investigated. We utilized SIV model AIDS assess earliest host-virus interactions mechanisms dysfunction gut, depletion. An...
ABSTRACT Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a frequent cause of bloodstream infections in children and HIV-infected adults sub-Saharan Africa. Most isolates from African patients with bacteremia belong to single sequence type, ST313, which genetically distinct gastroenteritis-associated ST19 strains, such as 14028s SL1344. Some studies suggest that the rapid spread ST313 across Africa has been facilitated by anthroponotic (person-to-person) transmission, eliminating need...
Chronic gut inflammatory diseases are associated with disruption of intestinal epithelial barriers and impaired mucosal immunity. HIV-1 (HIV) causes depletion CD4 + T cells early in infection epithelium, resulting chronic inflammation immunodeficiency. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective suppressing viral replication, it incapable restoring the “leaky gut,” which poses an impediment for HIV cure efforts. Strategies needed rapid repair epithelium to protect microenvironments...
Introduction The Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) competence regulon is well-known for regulating genetic transformation but also important virulence. Some pneumococcal strains can enter a transient competent state in an optimized competence-inducing medium when the threshold level of peptide pheromone stimulating attained; upregulating expression three distinct phases “early”, “late” and “delayed” genes. Recently, we discovered that pneumococcus naturally prolonged during acute...
ABSTRACT Scope Brassica vegetables contain unique compounds known as glucosinolates (GSLs), which, when hydrolyzed by plant or microbial myrosinase, form bioactive isothiocyanates (ITCs) that offer health benefits to the host. The present study evaluated impact of cooked broccoli (broccoli myrosinase inactivated) consumption on cecal metabolism glucoraphanin (GRP) in lean and obese mice characterized changes microbiota following broccoli‐containing diets. Methods results Twenty 20...
The gut microbiome is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) severity and altered in late-stage disease. However, it unclear how microbial communities change over the course of IBD development, especially regard function. To investigate microbiome-mediated mechanisms discover early biomarkers IBD, we conducted a longitudinal metagenomic investigation an established mouse model where damped transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling T cells leads peripheral immune activation, weight...
Extensive research shows that dietary variation and toxicant exposure impact the gut microbiome, yielding effects on host physiology. However, prior work has mostly considered such exposure-microbiome interactions through lens of single-factor exposures. In practice, humans exposed to toxicants vary in their nutritional status, this may subsequent microbiome. For example, chronic arsenic affects 200 million people globally is often comorbid with zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency can enhance...
ABSTRACT Epithelial barrier dysfunction during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has largely been attributed to the rapid and severe depletion of CD4 + T cells in gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although it is known that changes mucosal gene expression contribute intestinal enteropathy, role small noncoding RNAs, specifically microRNA (miRNA), not investigated. Using simian (SIV)-infected nonhuman primate model HIV pathogenesis, we investigated effect viral on miRNA mucosa. SIV led a...
Intestinal helminth parasite (IHP) infection induces alterations in the composition of microbial communities across vertebrates, although how gut microbiota may facilitate or hinder remains poorly defined. In this work, we utilized a zebrafish model to investigate relationship between microbiota, metabolites, and IHP infection. We found that extreme disparity burden is linked microbiome changes are associated with variation class endogenously produced signaling compounds,...
Chronic immune activation despite long-term therapy poses an obstacle to recovery in HIV infection. The role of antigen presenting cells (APCs) chronic during infection remains be fully determined. APCs, the frontline defense against pathogens, are capable distinguishing between pathogens and non-pathogenic, commensal bacteria. We hypothesized that induces dysfunction APC recognition response some bacteria this may promote activation. Therefore we examined inflammatory cytokine responses...
Many cnidarians form symbiotic relationships with brown dinoflagellate algae in the genus Symbiodinium. Bacteria are important to this symbiosis, diverse functions such as providing nutrients symbiont and pathogen protection cnidarian. Disrupted bacterial communities associated thermally stressed cnidarians, which have a higher likelihood of expelling their symbionts, an event called bleaching. To better understand association between thermal tolerance community structure, we studied...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 631:81-97 (2019) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13119 Surgeonfish feces increase microbial opportunism in reef-building corals Leïla Ezzat1,*, Thomas Lamy1, Rebecca L. Maher2, Katrina S. Munsterman1, Kaitlyn Landfield1, Emily R. Schmeltzer2, Christopher A. Gaulke2, Deron E. Burkepile1,3, Vega Thurber2...
Metagenomic library preparation methods and sequencing technologies continue to advance rapidly, allowing researchers characterize microbial communities in previously underexplored environmental samples systems. However, widely accepted standardized can be cost-prohibitive.
Abstract Growing evidence indicates that disrupting the microbial community comprises intestinal tract, known as gut microbiome, can contribute to development or severity of disease. As a result, it is important discern agents responsible for microbiome disruption. While animals are frequently exposed diverse array environmental chemicals, little about their effects on stability and structure. Here, we demonstrate how zebrafish be used glean insight into chemical exposure structure...
Abstract Gut microbiome research increasingly utilizes zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) given their amenability to high-throughput experimental designs. However, the utility of for discerning translationally relevant host-microbiome interactions is constrained by a paucity knowledge about biological functions that gut microbiota can execute, how these associate with physiology, and degree homology between genes encoded human microbiomes. To address this gap, we generated foundational catalog...
While vaccination and therapeutics for prevention/treatment of influenza are available, new strategies needed to combat disease in susceptible populations, particularly young children newborns. Host associated microbiota play an important role modulating the virulence numerous pathogens, including A virus. In this study, we examined microbiome-influenza interactions a neonatal piglet model system. The nasal microbiome newborn piglets was longitudinally sampled before after intranasal...
Pseudocapillaria tomentosa is an important pathogen in zebrafish facilities. We investigated heat, ultraviolet (UV) light, chlorine, iodine, and dessciation for killing the parasite's eggs. Eggs released with feces larvate about 5-10 days, treatments were evaluated by exposing fresh eggs subsequently comparing larvation to untreated as indication of survival. Collectively, all trials showed high levels exposed elevated temperatures (40°C, 45°C 50°C) 1, 8, or 24 h, which resulted substantial...
The impact of HIV infection on pattern recognition receptor (PRR) expression in gut-associated lymphoid tissue and its association with dysbiosis is not well understood.PRR cytokine gene were examined mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN) rhesus macaques during acute chronic (untreated early antiretroviral (ART) treated) infections. Gene was correlated microbial abundance the gut immune activation.PRR rapidly increases significantly decreased infection. Early ART maintains elevated PRR expression....