A5083971720- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Trace Elements in Health
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Escherichia coli research studies
- scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Academic Publishing and Open Access
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health and Medical Research Impacts
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Microscopic Colitis
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Immune Response and Inflammation
University of Washington
2016-2025
Fujian Medical University
2025
Harborview Medical Center
2010-2024
Seattle University
2003-2019
University of Washington Medical Center
2019
Beijing Hospital
2016
University of Chicago
2016
Nanyang Institute of Technology
2016
Institute of Infection and Immunity
2009-2015
Johns Hopkins University
2015
A detailed review of all 2,047 biomedical and life-science research articles indexed by PubMed as retracted on May 3, 2012 revealed that only 21.3% retractions were attributable to error. In contrast, 67.4% misconduct, including fraud or suspected (43.4%), duplicate publication (14.2%), plagiarism (9.8%). Incomplete, uninformative misleading retraction announcements have led a previous underestimation the role in ongoing epidemic. The percentage scientific because has increased ∼10-fold...
Horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in microbial evolution. However, newly acquired sequences can decrease fitness unless integrated into preexisting regulatory networks. We found that the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) selectively silences horizontally genes by targeting with GC content lower than resident genome. Mutations hns are lethal Salmonella accompanied compensatory mutations other loci. Thus, H-NS provides previously unrecognized mechanism of bacterial...
The type III secretion system of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI‐2) is required for systemic infection this pathogen in mice. Cloning and sequencing a central region SPI‐2 revealed the presence genes encoding putative chaperones effector proteins system. predicted products sseB , sseC sseD display weak but significant similarity to amino acid sequences EspA, EspD EspB, which are secreted by encoded locus enterocyte effacement enteropathogenic Escherichia coli . transcriptional...
A type III protein secretion system encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2) has been found to be required for virulence and survival within macrophages. Here, SPI2 was shown allow typhimurium avoid NADPH oxidase–dependent killing The ability of SPI2-mutant bacteria survive in macrophages cause lethal infection mice restored abrogation the respiratory burst. Ultrastructural immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated efficient localization oxidase proximity vacuoles containing but...
The contribution of the NADPH phagocyte oxidase (phox) and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) to antimicrobial activity macrophages for Salmonella typhimurium was studied by using peritoneal phagocytes from C57BL/6, congenic gp91phox(-/)-, iNOS(-/)-, doubly immunodeficient phox(-/)-iNOS(-/)- mice. respiratory burst NO radical (NO.) made distinct contributions anti-Salmonella macrophages. oxidase-dependent killing is confined first few hours after phagocytosis, whereas iNOS...
Nutrient limitation is a critical signal in Salmonella virulence gene regulation. The katF (rpoS) mediates the expression of spv plasmid genes during bacterial starvation. A mutant has increased susceptibility to nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, acid and DNA damage, conditions which are relevant intraphagosomal environment host macrophages. Moreover, significantly reduced mice. encodes an alternative sigma factor RNA polymerase coordinately regulates virulence.
The two genetically established antimicrobial mechanisms of macrophages are production reactive oxygen intermediates by phagocyte oxidase (phox) and nitrogen inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2). Mice doubly deficient in both enzymes (gp91 phox−/−/NOS2−/−) formed massive abscesses containing commensal organisms, mostly enteric bacteria, even when reared under specific pathogen-free conditions with antibiotics. Neither parental strain showed such infections. Thus, phox NOS2 appear to...
The roles of the NADPH phagocyte oxidase (phox) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in host resistance to virulent Salmonella typhimurium were investigated gp91phox−/−, iNOS−/−, congenic wild-type mice. Although both gp91phox−/− iNOS−/− mice demonstrated increased susceptibility infection with S. compared mice, kinetics bacterial replication dramatically different mouse strains. Greater numbers present spleens livers C57BL/6 controls as early day 1 infection, all succumbed within 5 d....
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the conversion of superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide. Periplasmic localization bacterial Cu,Zn-SOD has suggested a role this enzyme in defense against extracellular phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species. Sequence analysis regions flanking Salmonella typhimurium sodC gene encoding demonstrates significant homology λ phage proteins, reflecting possible bacteriophage-mediated horizontal transfer determinant among pathogenic bacteria. deficient...
The number of retracted scientific publications has risen sharply, but it is unclear whether this reflects an increase in publication flawed articles or the rate at which are withdrawn.We examined interval between and retraction for 2,047 indexed PubMed. Time-to-retraction (from article to retraction) averaged 32.91 months. Among 714 published before 2002, required 49.82 months; among 1,333 after 23.82 months (p<0.0001). This suggests that journals retracting papers more quickly than past,...
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most successful human pathogens, colonizing 2 billion individuals worldwide and causing invasive infections even in immunocompetent hosts. S. can evade multiple components host innate immunity, including antimicrobial radical nitric oxide (NO.) produced by activated phagocytes. We show that capable metabolically adapting to nitrosative stress expressing an NO.-inducible L-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh1, SACOL0222) divergently transcribed from NO.-detoxifying...
Background. Fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli are increasingly prevalent. Their clonal origins—potentially critical for control efforts—remain undefined.
Inaccurate data in scientific papers can result from honest error or intentional falsification. This study attempted to determine the percentage of published that contain inappropriate image duplication, a specific type inaccurate data. The images total 20,621 40 journals 1995 2014 were visually screened. Overall, 3.8% contained problematic figures, with at least half exhibiting features suggestive deliberate manipulation. prevalence has risen markedly during past decade. Additional written...
Despite modern antiseptic techniques, surgical site infection (SSI) remains a leading complication of surgery. However, the origins SSI and high rates antimicrobial resistance observed in these infections are poorly understood. Using instrumented spine surgery as model clean (class I) skin incision, we prospectively sampled preoperative microbiomes postoperative isolates cohort 204 patients. Combining multiple forms genomic analysis, correlated identity, anatomic distribution, profiles...
ABSTRACT Chromobacterium violaceum is a ubiquitous environmental pathogen. Despite its remarkable adaptability, little known about the mechanisms of stress resistance in this bacterium. Here, screen for iron-susceptible transposon mutants, we identified cytochrome bd that protects C. against multiple stresses. The two subunits (CioAB) are encoded by cioRAB operon, which also encodes GbsR-type MarR family transcription factor (CioR). A ∆ cioAB mutant strain was sensitive to iron and...