The north temperate region was characterized by a warm climate and rich thermophilic flora before the Eocene, but early diversifications of biome under global change shift remain uncertain. Moreover, it is becoming clear that hybridization/introgression an important driving force speciation in plant diversity. Here, we applied analyses from biogeography phylogenetic networks to account for both introgression incomplete lineage sorting based on genomic data New World Vitis, charismatic...

For the first time, morpho-anatomical characters that were congruent with DNA sequence data used to characterize several genera in Hapalidiaceae-the major eco-engineers of Subarctic carbonate ecosystems. sequencing three genes (SSU, rbcL, ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene and psbA, photosystem II D1 protein gene), along patterns cell division, elongation, calcification supported a monophyletic Clathromorphum. Two diagnostic for this genus: (i) primary...

Abstract Vitis L. (the grape genus) is the economically most important fruit crop, as source of grapes and wine. Phylogenetic relationships within genus have been highly controversial. Herein, we employ sequence data from whole plastomes to attempt enhance phylogenetic resolution. The results support New World subgenus monophyletic. Within clade, V. californica sister remaining . Furthermore, , a Eurasian clade robustly supported clade. vinifera ssp. sylvestris core Asian Several widespread...

Abstract Photinia and its morphologically similar allies in Maleae (Rosaceae) consist of five currently recognized genera: Aronia, Heteromeles, Photinia, Pourthiaea , Stranvaesia 68 species, distributed Asia North Central America. Despite previous efforts to clarify relationships this group, the generic delimitations have remained uncertain. Our goals were reconstruct a robust phylogeny close test monophyly genera, especially hybrid origin hypothesis bodinieri . This study employs complete...

Leptochloa (including Diplachne) sensu lato (s.l.) comprises a diverse assemblage of C4 (NAD-ME and PCK) grasses with approx. 32 annual or perennial species. Evolutionary relationships modern classification spp. based on the study molecular characters have only been superficially investigated in four The goals this were to reconstruct evolutionary history s.l. data broad taxon sampling. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted 130 species (mostly Chloridoideae), which 22 are placed Leptochloa,...

Abstract The current study examines all genera of Sapindaceae tribe Paullinieae sensu Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. (2011). Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses trnL intron and ITS sequence data along with critical evaluation morphology, supertribe Paulliniodae is newly recognized morphologically characterized by zygomorphic flowers, thyrses lateral cincinni, corollas 4 petals, alternate leaves a well-developed distal leaflet. contains four successively nested subclades designated as tribes...

Abstract Premise The preservation of plant tissues in ethanol is conventionally viewed as problematic. Here, we show that leaf combined with proteinase digestion can provide high‐quality DNA extracts. Additionally, a pretreatment, facilitate extraction for recalcitrant samples. Methods was isolated from leaves preserved 96% or silica‐desiccated samples and herbarium fragments were pretreated ethanol. extracted using special pretreatment protocol, these extracts compared those obtained the...

Societal Impact Statement Challenges in viticulture such as disease resistance have renewed interest underutilized cultivars. The Norton grape, one of the earliest popular North American grape cultivars, holds potential to produce exceptional wine while being resistant pests and disease. Yet, ancestry is controversial. Here, we use novel genomic approaches investigate possible parentage cultivar. We suggest a complex 3‐generation hybrid involving two species European V. vinifera . This...

• Premise of the study : To understand origins C 4 grasslands, we must have a better interpretation plant traits via phylogenetic reconstruction. Muhlenbergiinae, largest subtribe grasses in Mexico and southwestern United States (with 176 species), is taxonomically poorly understood. Methods We conducted analysis 47 genera 174 species using six plastid regions ( ndhA intron, ndhF, rps16‐trnK, rps16 rps3 , rpl32‐trnL ) nuclear ITS 1 2 (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer) to infer...

Abstract Vittarioid ferns compose a well‐supported clade of 100–130 species highly simplified epiphytes in the family Pteridaceae. Generic circumscriptions within vittarioid were among first to be evaluated and revised based on molecular phylogenetic data. Initial analyses rbcL sequences revealed strong geographic structure demonstrated that two largest genera, as then defined, each had phylogenetically distinct American Old World components. The results subsequent studies included many 36...

Maddenia (Rosaceae) has been distinguished from Prunus on the basis of its tepaloid perianth and one- to two-carpellate gynoecium. These distinctive morphological traits nonetheless overlap with several spp. previously shown be nested within Prunus, more specifically a clade containing members subgenera Laurocerasus Padus, but phylogenetic position that not defined precisely. This study clarifies through analyses nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) plastid ndhF sequences, an...

Plant DNA isolation and purification is a time-consuming laborious process relative to epithelial viral sample preparation due the cell wall. The lysis of plant cells free intracellular normally requires high temperatures, chemical surfactants, mechanical separation tissue prior step. Traditional methods also do not aid themselves towards fieldwork numerous bulky equipment requirements.In this study, intact was coated by hydrophobic magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) (ILs) allowed incubate under...

There is a growing demand for fast and reliable plant biomolecular analyses. DNA extraction the major bottleneck in nucleic acid-based applications especially due to complexity of tissues different species. Conventional methods cell lysis typically require extensive sample preparation processes large quantities chemicals, elevated temperatures, multiple transfer steps which pose challenges high throughput applications.

Based on sequence data of nuclear ITS and plastid matK, trnL-F psbA-trnH markers, the phylogeny subtribes Caraganinae Chesneyinae in tribe Caraganeae was inferred. The results support monophyly each subtribes. Within Caraganinae, Calophaca Halimodendron are herein transferred into Caragana to ensure its generic monophyly. subtribe is composed four well-supported genera: Chesneya, Chesniella, Gueldenstaedtia Tibetia. phylogenetic, morphological, distributional habitat type evidence, genus...

Despite the commercial importance of Concord grape, its origin has remained unresolved for over 150 years without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In this study we aimed to reconstruct evolutionary history grape using sequence data from four nuclear markers (AT103, GAI1, PHYA, and SQD1), six plastid (matK, psbA-trnH, petN-trnC, ycf1, trnL-F, trnS-G), genome. We sampled extensively Vitis species native northeastern North America as well representative Europe Asia, including commercially...

Abstract The genus Bidens (Compositae) comprises c . 230 species distributed across five continents, with the 41 Polynesian displaying greatest ecomorphological variation in group. However, has had a long and complicated taxonomic history, its phylogenetic biogeographic history are poorly understood. To resolve evolutionary of , 152 individuals representing 91 were included this study, including 39 described from Polynesia. Four chloroplast two nuclear DNA markers utilized to estimate...

Summary A new species conforming to the generic description of S porolithon was found forming small (1–3 cm in diameter) rhodoliths at 18–75 m depth on eastern coast B razil. tenue ahia, mado‐ F ilho, M aneveldt et W . H dey, sp. nov. differs from other having a thin, primary vegetative thallus only 45–250 μm thickness composed up 20 cell layers. can build thicker crusts by overgrowths thalli with hypothallia. The absence layer elongate cells base tetrasporangial chambers and shedding...

The aim of this study was to describe the new rhodolith-forming coralline alga species, Sporolithon yoneshigueae sp. nov., based on both morpho-anatomical and molecular data. Specimens were collected in rhodolith beds between 28 66 m depths northeastern southeastern Brazil. species can be distinguished from all other genus by its wide tetrasporangial compartment pore diameter (35–43 µm) correspondingly large number (19–24) rosette cells surrounding pore. Phylogenies inferred psbA SSU markers...

Abstract Rock daisies (Perityleae; Compositae) are a diverse clade of seven genera and ca. 84 minimum‐rank taxa that mostly occur as narrow endemics on sheer rock cliffs throughout the southwest United States northern Mexico. Taxonomy Perityleae has traditionally been based morphology cytogenetics. To test taxonomic hypotheses utility characters emphasized in past treatments, we present first densely sampled molecular phylogenies reconstruct trait chromosome evolution. We inferred...

Northern hemisphere rockweeds (Fucus) are thought to have evolved in the North Pacific and then spread Atlantic following opening of Bering Strait. They dispersed widely speciated its tributary seas. Fucus distichus is likely near ancestral member this genus, studies shown that there several species/subspecies complex (i.e. F. evanescens gardneri). We used phylogenetic haplotype analyses test relationships biogeography distichus. Our data subsequent demonstrate that, unlike previous lacked...

Abstract The goals of this study were to reconstruct the phylogeny Prunus subgenus Laurocerasus section Mesopygeum and provide a preliminary assessment its spatio‐temporal diversification in Malesian region. We inferred using nuclear ITS ETS plastid psbA‐trnH , rps16 rpl16 trnC‐petN sequences. Our analyses support monophyly sect. . Within we identified four main subclades: (i) lancilimba from continental Asia; (ii) ruthii Malay Peninsula; (iii) subclade comprising species areas centered on...