Previous studies have suggested that high-fat diets adversely affect bone development. However, these included other dietary manipulations, including low calcium, folic acid, and fibre, (or) high sucrose or cholesterol, did not directly compare several common sources of fat. Thus, the overall objective this study was to investigate effect differ in fat quality, representing saturated fatty acids (SFA), n-3 polyunsaturated (PUFA), n-6 PUFA, on femur mineral density (BMD), strength, acid...

Flaxseed is rich in lignans and alpha-linolenic acid, compounds that may promote healthy skeletons. Many postmenopausal women consume complementary health products such as flaxseed or its components addition to pharmacological agents low-dose estrogen therapy for additional support menopausal symptoms related conditions. However, their combined effect on bone unknown. The aim of this study was determine the effects 10% dietary flaxseed, therapy, combination mineral density, biomechanical...

The rapid decline in endogenous estrogen production that occurs during menopause is associated with significant bone loss and increased risk for fragility fracture. While hormone therapy (HT) an effective means to re-establish levels reduce the of future fracture, its use can be accompanied by undesirable side effects such as stroke breast cancer. In this paper, we revisit issue whether HT both safe prevention postmenopausal examining standard alternative doses formulations HT. aim paper...

Hesperidin (HSP) and naringin (NAR), flavanones rich in citrus fruits, support skeletal integrity adult aging rodent models. This study determined whether maternal consumption of HSP NAR favorably programs bone development, resulting higher mineral density (BMD) greater structure biomechanical strength (i.e., peak load) female offspring. Female CD‐1 mice were fed a control diet or + five weeks before pregnancy throughout lactation. At weaning, offspring until six months age. The BMD the...

Obesity is associated with systemic inflammation and impaired bone health. Vitamin D regulates metabolism, has anti-inflammatory properties epigenetic effects. We showed that exposure to high dietary vitamin during pregnancy lactation beneficially programs serum concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure in male offspring fed an obesogenic diet. Here we assessed if this effect also apparent females. C57BL/6J dams were AIN93G diet (5000 IU/kg diet) or low (25 lactation. Post-weaning,...

While resveratrol (RSV) is associated with the prevention of high-fat (HF) diet-induced insulin resistance, effects on bone health combined an HF-diet unknown. Therefore, we determined effect RSV microarchitecture in presence HF-diet, while also elucidating molecular adaptations within that could contribute to status.Male C57BL6 mice were provided control (10% fat) or (60% absence for 12 weeks. prevented HF glucose intolerance, HF-RSV compromised tibial microarchitecture, mineral mass, and...

Our previous research showed greatest protection to vertebral bone mineral density and strength in ovariectomized (OVX) rats when lignan- α-linolenic acid-rich flaxseed (FS) is combined with low-dose estrogen therapy (LD) compared either treatment alone. This study determined the effects of FS+LD on serum tissue markers turnover microarchitecture explain our findings. Three-month-old OVX were randomized negative control (NEG), FS, LD or for 2 12 weeks, meaningful time points determining...

In Brief Objective: Flaxseed, the richest source of mammalian lignan precursors, enhances tumor growth-inhibitory effect tamoxifen while exerting no adverse effects on other estrogen-responsive tissues such as bone. Ingestion sesame seed produces lignans comparable with flaxseed, but its anticancer potential is unknown. This study determined interactive and established MCF-7 growth bone health in ovariectomized athymic mice simulating a postmenopausal condition. Design: Mice tumors were...

The AIN-93G reference (REF) diet is used to allow the comparison within and between studies of different research groups but its levels vitamin D (vit D) calcium (Ca) may be higher than required for healthy bone structure mineral density (BMD). To determine if lower dietary Ca (3.5, 3 or 2.5 g Ca/kg diet) at 1 2 vit (100 400 IU/kg supports similar development BMD compared in female CD-1 mice 4 months age. Within a trial, weanling (n = 12–15/group) were randomized diets until necropsy age:...

A previous study showed that flaxseed (FS) combined with low-dose (LD) estrogen therapy, resembling LD transdermal therapy in postmenopaual women, inhibited loss of bone mineral density (BMD), content (BMC), and strength lumbar vertebrae ovariectomized rats. Whether FS an even lower dose is effective at preserving or whether interferes the effect this unknown. Thus, determined ultra-low-dose (ULD) half previously studied, combination preserved mass Rats were treated for 12 wk (1) basal diet...

Flaxseed (FS) is an oilseed rich in phytoestrogens and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, compounds that may attenuate bone loss during aging. We previously demonstrated using the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis 10% dietary FS combined with low-dose estrogen therapy (LD) preserves vertebral mass strength more so than either treatment alone. However, it was prudent to also consider effect this intervention on uterine tissue as LD, possibly FS, have estrogenic, thus...

Flaxseed, rich in the phytoestrogen lignan secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG), provides protection against bone loss at lumbar vertebrae primarily when combined with low-dose estrogen therapy ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Whether SDG metabolites are accessible to skeletal tissue, and thus have potential interact exert direct local action on metabolism, is unknown. The objective this study was determine whether skeleton rats compare distribution tissue that...

Maternal exposure to hesperidin (HSP) and naringin (NAR) during pregnancy lactation transiently compromised bone mineral density (BMD) structure at the proximal tibia in female CD-1 offspring. We examined whether maternal consumption of HSP + NAR compromises BMD, structure, strength male Male offspring, from mothers fed a control diet (CON, n = 10) or 0.5% 0.25% (HSP NAR, 8) for 5 weeks before mating throughout lactation, were weaned CON until 6 months age. In vivo micro-computed tomography...

Bone microarchitecture, bone mineral density (BMD), and strength are affected positively by impact activities such as running; however, there discrepancies in the magnitude of these effects. These inconsistencies mainly a result varying training protocols, analysis techniques, whether or not skeletal sites measured weight bearing. This study's purpose was to determine effects endurance running on that experience different bearing load. Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 20) were...

Osteoclasts are specialized cells of the hematopoietic lineage that responsible for bone resorption and play a critical role in musculoskeletal disease. JAK2 is key mediator cytokine growth factor signaling; however, its osteoclasts vivo has yet to be investigated. To elucidate osteoclasts, we generated an osteoclast-specific JAK2–KO (Oc-JAK2–KO) mouse using Cre/Lox-P system. Oc-JAK2–KO mice demonstrated marked postnatal restriction; this was not associated with significant changes density,...

The use of in vivo micro-computed tomography (µCT) is a powerful tool which involves the non-destructive imaging internal structures at high resolutions live animal models. This allows for repeated same rodent over time. feature not only reduces total number rodents required an experimental design and thereby inter-subject variation that can arise, but also researchers to assess longitudinal or life-long responses intervention. To acquire quality images be processed analyzed more accurately...

Microcomputed tomography (μCT) is an imaging technology to assess bone microarchitecture, a determinant of strength. When measured in vivo, μCT exposes the skeletal site interest dose radiation, addition nearby muscles as well. Therefore, aim this study was determine effects repeated radiation exposure from vivo on muscle health – specifically, morphometrics, contractile function, and enzyme activity. This exposed right hind limb female mice either low (26 cGy) or moderate (46 dose, at 2, 4,...