Excess vitamins, especially folate, are consumed during pregnancy but later-life effects on the offspring unknown. High multivitamin (10-fold AIN-93G, HV) gestational diets increase characteristics of metabolic syndrome in Wistar rat offspring. We hypothesized that vitamin active DNA methylation, accounts for these through epigenetic modification food intake regulatory genes. Male dams fed 10-fold folate (HFol) diet and weaned to recommended (RV) or HFol were compared with those born RV 29...

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications are of public health concern. Metformin is the most common pharmacological T2DM treatment, distributed through organic cation transporters (OCTs). The solute transporter family 22A1 (SLC22A1) gene encodes OCT1, variants may play a role in glycemic control. This study analyzed seven SLC22A1 their potential association with control patients from Northern Mexico undergoing metformin monotherapy. Methods:...

Obesity and pregnancy increase levels of maternal oxidative stress (OS). However, little is known about the maternal, placental, neonatal OS status.To analyze relation between prepregnancy obesity expression markers antioxidant capacity in fetomaternal unit their association with dietary intake.This cross-sectional study included 33 women singleton, noncomplicated pregnancies. Two groups were formed: body mass index (pBMI) within normal range (18.5-24.9 kg/m2, n = 18) pBMI ≥ 30 suggestive (n...

The effect of high multivitamin intake during pregnancy on the metabolic phenotype rat offspring was investigated. Pregnant Wistar rats (n=10 per group) were fed AIN-93G diet with recommended vitamin (RV) content or a 10-fold increase [high (HV) content]. In experiment 1, male and female followed for 12 wk after weaning; in 2, only males 28 wk. Body weight (BW) measured weekly. Every 4 wk, an overnight fast, food over 1 h 30 min gavage glucose water. An oral tolerance test performed every...

Flaxseed is rich in lignans and alpha-linolenic acid, compounds that may promote healthy skeletons. Many postmenopausal women consume complementary health products such as flaxseed or its components addition to pharmacological agents low-dose estrogen therapy for additional support menopausal symptoms related conditions. However, their combined effect on bone unknown. The aim of this study was determine the effects 10% dietary flaxseed, therapy, combination mineral density, biomechanical...

Maternal intake of multivitamins or folic acid above the basal dietary requirement alters growth and metabolic trajectory rat offspring. We hypothesized that a modest increase in content maternal diets would alter offspring's phenotype, these effects could be corrected by matching diet with diet. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on control 2.5× acid-supplemented prior to mating during pregnancy lactation. At weaning, pups from each group randomized for 25 weeks. Male dams fed 3.7%...

With the goal to establish a model that relates birth weight placenta weight, adjusted for most documented predictors of 300 live newborns were studied, all products single gestation. Inclusion criteria with gestational age 37 weeks or older according date last menstruation, whose mothers did not have diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia. The newborn was identified from anthropometry data collected by previously trained nursing personnel in each participating...

Abstract n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), derived from marine oils, have been shown to protect against various neurological diseases. However, very little is known about their potential anticonvulsant properties. The objective of the present study was determine whether enrichment brain lipids with PUFA inhibits seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol. We demonstrate that increased levels in transgenic fat‐1 male mice, which are capable de novo synthesis n‐6 PUFA, increases latency...

In order to establish the relationship between maternal body composition indicators (fat-free mass, fat total water) and birth weight, a cross-sectional study was designed, based on 196 pairs of mothers live singleton newborns with gestational age 37 weeks or more. Immediately after delivery, were interviewed obtain information about different weight predictors. An analysis through bioelectric impedance held. Multiple linear regression used measure effect each variable weight. The mean 3,251...

A reduction in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation (FAO), manifested as a mitochondrial content and (or) FAO within mitochondria, may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. n-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFA) have been observed increase capacity for improve sensitivity. We used fat-1 mouse model, transgenic animal capable synthesizing PUFA from n-6 PUFA, examine this relationship. Fat-1 mice exhibited ~20-fold decrease n-6/n-3 ratio muscle, plasma glucose area under curve were...

It is known that pesticides cross the placental barrier and can cause alterations in development of structures resulting adverse effects reproduction. The objectives this study were to investigate pesticide exposure during pregnancy on maturity evaluate relationship between maturity, gestational age birth weight. We collected placentas from singleton pregnancies women exposed (n = 9) non-exposed 45 full-term n 31 preterm) as evaluated geographically, by questionnaire acetylcholinesterase...

Rats fed gestational diets high in multivitamin or folate produce offspring of altered phenotypes. We hypothesized that female rat born to dams a diet folic acid (HFol) have compromised bone health and feeding the same HFol attenuates these effects. Pregnant rats were with either recommended (RFol) 10-fold higher amounts. Female weaned RFol for 17 weeks. maternal resulted lower body weights (6%, P = 0.03) and, after adjusting weight femoral length, smaller area (2%, 0.03), compared control...

Objective: To determine the body composition of women with diagnoses gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. Methods: Cross-sectional study, including four groups patients who were in third trimester: those an uncomplicated pregnancy (n = 110), a diagnosis 38), mild preeclampsia 8), and severe 11). Their fat mass, fat-free total water estimated by bioelectric impedance. Results: The mass was 20 ± 7 kg control group 26 13 (p < 0.05). 36 6 L group, 50 10 hypertension, 52 preeclampsia, 48 9...

Objective: To evaluate the morphology of placenta in patients with pregestational overweight (OW), obesity (PGOB), or normal weight.Methods: A cross-sectional study including women (n = 114) ≥20 years age a singleton pregnancy was carried out. The groups were integrated according to body mass index (BMI): 51 had BMI (18.5–24.99 kg/m2), 30 (25–29.99 and 33 obese (≥30.0 kg/m2). morphometric performed placental maturity (PMI) calculated formula: PMI number vasculo-syncytial membranes (VSM) 1...

Abstract Teenage pregnancy has been associated with adverse effects for the mother and newborn (NB). In order to compare body composition (BC) between adolescents (Ad) mature women (MW) during determine difference in birthweight perinatal morbidity, pregnant Ad ( n = 40) MW 227) were studied. BC changes second third trimesters determined by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, NB morbidity evaluated. During of pregnancy, fat mass was lower group [16 kg (13–19)] than [22 (17–27)]...

Objectives: To compare maturity of placentas from women with hypertensive disorders those normotensive pregnancies and to determine the relationship between placental (PM) diagnosis small-for-gestational-age (SGA) in newborns. Materials methods: We examined stained specimens (n = 100), gestational hypertension 38), mild 10), or severe preeclampsia 34) an optical microscope. Placental Maturity Index (PMI) was calculated as number vasculo-syncytial membranes (VSM) 1 mm2 divided by VSM...

Summary The objective of this study was to determine the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles birthweight, by gestational age sex, for newborns covered Mexican Institute Social Security (IMSS) in State Chihuahua. To generate database, we used IMSS hospitals’ records Chihuahua, covering period between 1 January 2000 31 December 2004. We included singleton live births only, excluded babies with congenital malformations. birthweights 88 368 children born at 21–44 weeks gestation comprised our data....

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play roles in glucose and lipid metabolism regulation. Pro12Ala PPAR-γ2 +294T/C PPAR-δ have been associated with dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia high body mass index (BMI). We compared metabolic traits determined associations or polymorphism among teenagers from different ethnicity. Four hundred twelve samples previous biochemical biometric measurements were used. Genomic DNA peripheral blood was extracted analyzed by end-point PCR for PPAR-γ2....