A5047466001- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Stalking, Cyberstalking, and Harassment
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Building materials and conservation
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
- Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
- Smart Materials for Construction
- Integrated Water Resources Management
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
National Research Council Canada
2016-2024
Université de Montréal
2021
Dalhousie University
2012-2016
Environment and Climate Change Canada
2012-2016
Helsinki Institute of Physics
2009-2015
University of Helsinki
2007-2015
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2010
Queen's University
2007
Abstract. We present comprehensive results on continuous atmospheric cluster and particle measurements in the size range ~1–42 nm within European Integrated project Aerosol Cloud Climate Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) project. focused characterizing spatial temporal variation of new formation events relevant parameters across Europe. Different types air ion mobility spectrometers were deployed at 12 field sites Europe from March 2008 to May 2009. The conducted a wide variety...
The impact of ship emission reductions can be maximised by considering climate, health and environmental effects simultaneously using solutions fitting into existing marine engines infrastructure. Several options available enable selecting optimum for different ships, routes regions. Carbon-neutral fuels, including low-carbon carbon-negative from biogenic or non-biogenic origin (biomass, waste, renewable hydrogen) could resemble current fuels (diesel-type, methane methanol)....
Abstract. Within the project EUCAARI (European Integrated on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions), atmospheric nucleation was studied by (i) developing testing new air ion cluster spectrometers, (ii) conducting homogeneous experiments for sulphate organic systems in laboratory, (iii) investigating mechanism under field conditions, (iv) applying theoretical modelling tools data interpretation development of parameterisations. The current paper provides a synthesis obtained...
Abstract. The formation of particles from precursor vapors is an important source atmospheric aerosol. Research at the Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) facility CERN tries to elucidate which are responsible for this new-particle formation, and how in detail it proceeds. Initial measurement campaigns CLOUD stainless-steel aerosol chamber focused on investigating particle ammonia (NH3) sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Experiments were conducted presence water, ozone sulfur dioxide. Contaminant...
Abstract. The importance of ion-induced nucleation in the lower atmosphere has been discussed for a long time. In this article we describe new instrumental setup – Ion-DMPS which can be used to detect contribution on atmospheric particle formation events. device measures positively and negatively charged particles with without bipolar charger. ratio between "charger off" on" describes charging state aerosol population respect equilibrium. Values above one represent more charges than an...
Abstract. During a 4-week run in October–November 2006, pilot experiment was performed at the CERN Proton Synchrotron preparation for Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) experiment, whose aim is to study possible influence of cosmic rays on clouds. The purpose firstly carry out exploratory measurements effect ionising particle radiation aerosol formation from trace H2SO4 vapour and secondly provide technical input CLOUD design. A total 44 nucleation bursts were produced recorded, with...
Abstract. Despite the fact that frequent aerosol formation has been observed in various locations atmosphere, overall magnitude of new particle as a source is still unclear. In order to understand and growth processes, we investigate magnitudes rates at size where real atmospheric nucleation activation occurs. The relative contribution neutral charged particles rate also studied. data include ion number distributions total concentration measurements boreal forest site Hyytiälä, Finland,...
Abstract. The Air Ion Spectrometer (AIS) measures mobility and size distributions of atmospheric ions. Neutral cluster (NAIS) can additionally measure neutral particles. number the (N)AIS instruments in world is only 11. Nevertheless, they are already widely used ion studies, particularly related to initial steps new particle formation. There no standard method applicable for calibrating spectrometers sub-3 nm range. However, recent development high resolution DMAs has enabled separation...
Abstract. We present the results of laboratory measurements ion–ion recombination coefficient at different temperatures, relative humidities and concentrations ozone sulfur dioxide. The experiments were carried out using Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) chamber CERN, walls which are made conductive material, making it possible to measure small ions. produced ions in a 3.5 GeV c−1 beam positively charged pions (π+) generated by CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS). When PS was switched off,...
In this paper, we investigate the participation of ion-induced nucleation in atmospheric new-particle formation. We present one year Ion-DMPS data from SMEAR II station Hyytiälä, southern Finland (22 September 2005 to 22 2006). measured continuously concentrations ions ambient and charge equilibrated air seven size bins over a diameter range 3–15 nm. All formation event days were classified according observed particle charging states analysed based on new theoretical tool by which can be...
Abstract. We present the longest series of measurements so far (2 years and 7 months) made with an Ion-DMPS at SMEAR II measurement station in Hyytiälä, Southern Finland. show that classification into overcharged (implying some participation ion-induced nucleation) undercharged no or very little days, based on measurements, agrees fraction nucleation NAIS measurements. Those classes are ratio ambient charged particle to steady-state concentration, known as charging state. analyzed influence...
Abstract. South Africa holds significant mineral resources, with a substantial fraction of these reserves occurring and being processed in large geological structure termed the Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC). The area is also highly populated by informal, semi-formal formal residential developments. However, knowledge air quality research related to atmosphere still very limited area. In order investigate characteristics processes affecting sub-micron particle number concentrations formation...
Abstract. We evaluated 11 air ion spectrometers from Airel Ltd. after they had spent one year in field measurements as a part of the EUCAARI project: 5 Air Ion Spectrometers (AIS), Neutral cluster and (NAIS) Airborne NAIS (ANAIS). This is first time that an ANAIS compared so extensively. The spectrometers' mobility concentration accuracy was evaluated. Their ambient were between themselves to reference instruments: Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS), Balanced Scanning Analyzer...
In-use exhaust stream CH4 emissions from two dual fuel marine engines were characterized and strategies for reduction identified evaluated. For this, a low-cost, portable, wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) system was developed. The performance of the developed WMS sensor assessed using gas standards demonstrated on heavy-duty, diesel pilot ignited, direct-injection natural research engine through comparison to flame ionization detector. subsequently used measure exhaust-stream...
One way of getting information about the relative roles neutral and ion‐induced nucleation in atmosphere is to measure charging state aerosol particles, i.e., extent by which charged fraction particles differs from corresponding equilibrium fraction. By using a theoretical approach, we investigated how growing mode behaves under different atmospheric conditions. We found that time evolution nuclei governed two parameters: initial determined mechanism parameter K directly proportional cluster...
The thermal-optical analysis (TOA) of black carbon in particulate matter (PM) collected on filters has been recommended and used for the calibration mass-concentration instruments. However, filter-based TOA calibrations have substantial practical limitations, requiring high sample flow rates (>10 litres per minute), long sampling times (up to 3 h), subsequently manual filter processing with (>15 min filter). These limitations are avoided by situ techniques such as centrifugal particle mass...
Abstract. Measurements of atmospheric ions in the size range 0.8–42 nm were conducted at environmental research station University Crete Finokalia from April 2008 to 2009 frame EUCAARI project. Both positive and negative found have a clear annual cycle, with minimum concentrations summer. Their vary prevailing meteorology abundance aerosol particles atmosphere. High observed during new particle formation events. There 53 nucleation events recorded. It was that under certain conditions...
Non-volatile particle emissions from a marine engine fueled by either diesel or natural gas (NG) blended with pilot were investigated via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The most common particles (> 95% number) soot aggregates. These "typical" aggregates exhibited primary diameters of 20.7 ± 1.9 and 26.9 1.7 for 100 nm when NG fuel used, respectively. Highly non-uniform aggregates, distinct groups smaller larger monomers, visible in all the samples but occurred frequently fueling at...
Soot is typically the dominant component of nonvolatile particles emitted from internal combustion engines. Although soot primarily composed carbon, its chemistry, toxicity, and oxidation rates may be strongly influenced by internally mixed inorganic metal compounds (ash). Here, we describe detailed microstructure ash with four marine engines one aviation engine. The were operated on different fuels lubrication oils; included residual five distillate such as diesel, natural gas, Jet A-1....