Focal adhesions (FAs) are specialized adhesive structures which serve as cellular communication units between cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix. FAs involved in signal transduction actin cytoskeleton organization. mediate cell adhesion, is a critical phenomenon cancer research. Since can form many micrometer scale FAs, their quantitative analysis demands well-optimized image approaches [1-3]. Here, we have optimized of MDA-MB-231 breast cells. The optimization based on proper...

A mode of atomic force microscopy (AFM) is demonstrated where an oscillating AFM cantilever having linear response driven with two frequencies in the vicinity a resonance. New response, known as intermodulation products, are generated when linearity perturbed by nonlinear tip-surface interaction. rich structure products observed function probe-surface separation, indicating that it possible to extract much more detailed information about interaction than standard amplitude and phase imaging methods.

Abstract Bladder cancer is mostly present in the form of urothelium carcinoma, causing over 150,000 deaths each year. Its histopathological classification as muscle invasive (MIBC) and non-muscle (NMIBC) most prominent aspect, affecting prognosis progression this disease. In study, we defined active regulatory landscape MIBC NMIBC cell lines using H3K27ac ChIP-seq used an integrative approach to combine our findings with existing data. Our analysis revealed FRA1 FLI1 two critical...

Cell adhesion is an important process in several biological phenomena. To investigate the formation and organization of focal adhesions, we developed a patterning approach based on electron beam lithography. Nanodots (radius <1230 nm) nanorings (inner radius <320 fibronectin (FN) were patterned K-Casein background. Intracellular vinculin immunofluorescence mirrored FN nanopatterns. Atomic force microscopy showed that nanodots organize immediate cytoskeleton into straight fibrils diverging...

Metastasis is one of the major obstacles for breast cancer patients. Limitations current models demand development custom platforms to predict metastatic potential and homing choices cells. Here, two organ-on-chip platforms, invasion/chemotaxis (IC-chip) extravasation (EX-chip) were used quantitative assessment invasion towards specific tissues. Lung, liver microenvironments simulated in chips using tissue-specific cells embedded matrigel. In IC-chip, invasive MDA-MB-231, but not noninvasive...

Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix is deregulated in metastasis. However, traditional surfaces used study cell do not faithfully mimic vivo microenvironment. Electron beam lithography (EBL) able generate customized protein nanopatterns. Here, we an EBL-based green approach fabricate homogeneous and gradient, single (fibronectin, K-casein) double laminin) active component nanopatterns with micrometer scale spacing investigate differences of breast cancer cells (BCC) normal mammary...

Microfluidic tumors-on-chips models have revolutionized anticancer therapeutic research by creating an ideal microenvironment for cancer cells. The tumor (TME) includes various cell types and stem cells (CSCs), which are postulated to regulate the growth, invasion, migratory behavior of In this review, biological niches TME focusing on CSCs summarized. Conventional such as three-dimensional cultures organoid reviewed. Opportunities incorporation with then discussed invasion models. Such will...

The quantitative and qualitative ascertainment of cell culture is integral to the robust determination structure analysis. Microscopy analysis epithet structures cells in cultures are momentous fields biological research process. In this paper, we addressed problem phase-contrast microscopy under segmentation application. our proposed method, utilized state-of-the-art deep learning models trained on dataset. Due low number annotated images, propose a multiresolution network which based U-Net...

The cortical cytoskeleton of vascular endothelial cells plays an important role in responding to mechanical stimuli and controlling the distribution cell surface proteins. Here, we have used atomic force microscopy visualize dynamics living bovine pulmonary artery cells. We demonstrate that cytoskeleton, organized as a complex polygonal mesh, is highly dynamic shows two modes remodeling: intact‐boundary‐mode where mesh element boundaries remain intact but move at ∼0.08 μm/min allowing change...

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common and leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. In addition to cells, bulk a breast tumor comprises range stromal cell types, including fibroblasts. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are crucial players microenvironment; however, process by which differentiate into CAFs not fully understood. Extracellular matrix (ECM) known modulate phenotypes. Decellularized ECM (dECM) useful tool for studying in-vitro cell-ECM interactions. Yet, whether...

Bone is one of the most frequently targeted organs in metastatic cancers including breast. Breast cancer bone metastasis often results devastating outcomes as limited treatment options are currently available. Therefore, innovative methods needed to provide earlier detection and thus better prognosis. Here, we present a new approach model bone-like microenvironments detect invasion extravasation breast cells using invasion/chemotaxis (IC-) (EX-) chips, respectively. Our show that behaviors...

Nanodots of fibronectin which have radii as small 100 nm and are biofunctional at the cellular level, can be rapidly fabricated in arbitrary spatial patterns using a technique based on electron beam exposure protein monolayer with subsequent backfilling second species.

Electron beam lithography (EBL) is used to create surfaces with protein patterns, which are characterized by immunofluorescence and atomic force microscopies. Both negative positive image processes realized electron irradiation of proteins absorbed on a silicon surface, where reversal achieved selectively binding second species the exposed areas first layer. Biofunctionality at cellular level was established culturing cortical cells patterned lines fibronectin adsorbed bovine serum albumin...

Microfluidics-based lab-on-a-chips have many advantages, one of which is to provide physiologically relevant settings for cell biology experiments. Thus there an ever increasing interest in their fabrication. Our goal construct three dimensional (3D) Controlled vitro Microenvironments (CivMs) that mimic the vivo microenvironments. Here, we present our optimized fabrication method works various lab-on-a-chip designs with a wide range dimensions. The most crucial points are:•While using type...

Cancer Stem Cells Microfluidic tumors-on-chips models have revolutionized anticancer therapeutic research by creating an ideal microenvironment for cancer cells. The current trend modeling stem cells in is discussed article number 2100017 Devrim Pesen-Okvur, Amir K. Miri, and co-workers. Opportunities the incorporation of with represent a paradigm shift community allowing clinicians to better predict which patients will benefit from chemotherapy treatments.

The leading cause of death in cancer patients is metastasis. Invasion an integral part metastasis and carried out by proteolytic structures called invadopodia at the cellular level. In this introductory review, we start evaluating definition invadopodia. While presenting upstream signaling events involved, integrate current models on addition, discuss significance 2D 3D vivo. We finally point technical challenges conclude with open questions field.

The recently popular deep neural networks (DNNs) have a significant effect on the improvement of segmentation accuracy from various perspectives, including robustness and completeness in comparison to conventional methods. We determined that naive U-Net has some lacks specific perspectives there is high potential for further enhancements model. Therefore, we employed modifications different folds overcome this problem. Based probable opportunity improvement, develop novel architecture by...

Cell adhesion to extracellular matrix is an important process for both health and disease states.Surface protein patterns that are topographically flat, do not introduce other chemical, topographical or rigidity related functionality and, more importantly, mimic the organization of in vivo desired.Previous work showed vinculin cytoskeletal modulated by size shape surface nanopatterns.However, quantitative analysis on cell morphology focal adhesions as a function micrometer scale spacings FN...