A5078816545- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Physical Activity and Health
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Gut microbiota and health
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Sleep and related disorders
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Health and Lifestyle Studies
Loyola University Chicago
2016-2025
Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
2022
Tufts University
2022
Illinois Department of Public Health
2016
University of Cape Town
2015
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
2015
University of Washington
2015
Winthrop-University Hospital
2015
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine
2015
University of the West Indies System
2001-2015
Total daily energy expenditure ("total expenditure") reflects needs and is a critical variable in human health physiology, but its trajectory over the life course poorly studied. We analyzed large, diverse database of total measured by doubly labeled water method for males females aged 8 days to 95 years. increased with fat-free mass power-law manner, four distinct stages. Fat-free mass-adjusted accelerates rapidly neonates ~50% above adult values at ~1 year; declines slowly levels ~20...
The relationship between microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and obesity remains enigmatic. We employ amplicon sequencing targeted metabolomics in a large (n = 1904) African origin cohort from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, the US. Microbiota diversity fecal SCFAs are greatest Ghanaians, lowest Americans, representing each end of urbanization spectrum. Obesity is significantly associated with reduction SCFA concentration, microbial diversity, synthesizing bacteria,...
Abstract Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating intake are inaccurate. One way identify unreliable data and sources of errors is compare estimated intakes with total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database derive a predictive equation TEE using 6,497 measures in individuals aged 4 96 years. The resultant regression predicts expected from easily...
The doubly labeled water method for measuring energy expenditure can be very sensitive to small differences in the ratio of 2H 18O isotope dilution spaces. Recently it has been suggested that average is higher than 1.03 we previously recommended. We therefore combined data from 99 recently studied subjects. Subjects (85 females and 14 males) were between ages 4 78 yr (mean = 34 yr) 10 52% 35%) fat. 2H-to-18O space was 1.034 +/- 0.014, which similar original assumption. As recent reports, did...
The consistent finding of higher prevalence hypertension in US blacks compared to whites has led speculation that African-origin populations are particularly susceptible this condition. Large surveys now provide new information on issue. Using a standardized analysis strategy we examined estimates for 8 white and 3 black (N = 85,000 participants). range was from 27 55% 14 44% blacks. These data demonstrate not only is there wide variation among both racial groups, the rates unusually high...
Body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used measure of obesity. Recently, some investigators have advocated direct measurement adiposity rather than use BMI. This study was undertaken to determine ability BMI predict body fat levels in three populations West African heritage living different environments. A total 1,054 black men and women were examined Nigeria, Jamaica, United States during 1994 1995. standardized protocol height, weight, waist hip circumferences, blood pressure at all...
Levels of physical activity (PA) in the general population are difficult to characterize. Historically measurement has been based on self-report, which can be subject bias. PA monitor use created opportunities improve surveillance and analytic research health. The aims current study were investigate associations between objectively measured cardiovascular disease risk factors obesity. Data from accelerometers, demographics, blood pressure, plasma glucose lipids, self-reported hypertension...
Recent studies suggest that obesity may be “contagious” between individuals in social networks. Social contagion (influence), however, not identifiable using traditional statistical approaches because they cannot distinguish from homophily (the propensity for to select friends who are similar themselves) or shared environmental influences. In this paper, we apply the stochastic actor-based model (SABM) framework developed by Snijders and colleagues data on adolescent body mass index (BMI),...
Understanding the impacts of activity on energy balance is crucial. Increasing levels may bring diminishing returns in expenditure because compensatory responses non-activity expenditures.1Pontzer H. Durazo-Arvizu R. Dugas L.R. Plange-Rhule J. Bovet P. Forrester T.E. Lambert E.V. Cooper R.S. Schoeller D.A. Luke A. Constrained total and metabolic adaptation to physical adult humans.Curr. Biol. 2016; 26: 410-417Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (145) Google Scholar, 2Halsey L.G. The mystery...
The doubly labeled water (DLW) method measures total energy expenditure (TEE) in free-living subjects. Several equations are used to convert isotopic data into TEE. Using the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) DLW database (5,756 measurements of adults and children), we show considerable variability is introduced by different equations. estimated rCO2 sensitive dilution space ratio (DSR) two isotopes. Based on performance validation studies, propose a new equation based estimate mean...
Water is essential for survival, but one in three individuals worldwide (2.2 billion people) lacks access to safe drinking water. intake requirements largely reflect water turnover (WT), the used by body each day. We investigated determinants of human WT 5604 people from ages 8 days 96 years 23 countries using isotope-tracking (
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality pattern adult Hispanic population in United States. METHODS: This a cohort using data from National Health Interview Survey 1986 through 1990. Deaths were ascertained by matching Death Index 1991. RESULTS: representative national sample included 297,640 non-Hispanic Whites, 53,552 Blacks, and 27,239 Hispanics, all aged 18 years or older at baseline. Different criteria resulted modest differential estimates number deaths ethnic...