To elucidate the effect of size on pulmonary toxicity single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), we prepared two types dispersed SWCNTs, namely relatively thin bundles with short linear shapes (CNT-1) and thick long (CNT-2), conducted rat intratracheal instillation tests in vitro cell-based assays using NR8383 alveolar macrophages. Total protein levels, MIP-1α expression, cell counts BALF, histopathological examinations revealed that CNT-1 caused inflammation slower recovery CNT-2 elicited acute...

The use of carbon nanotubes in the industry has grown; however, little is known about their toxicological mechanism action. Single-wall nanotube (SWCNT) suspensions were administered by single intratracheal instillation rats. Persistence alveolar macrophage-containing granuloma was observed around sites SWCNT aggregation at 90 days post-instillation 0.2-mg- or 0.4-mg-injected doses per rat. Meanwhile, gene expression profiling revealed that a large number genes involved inflammatory response...

Relationships between the physical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their toxicities have been studied. However, little research has conducted to investigate pulmonary pleural inflammation caused by short-fiber single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) multi-walled (MWCNTs). This study was performed characterize differences in rat intratracheal instillation with doses 0.15 or 1.5 mg/kg either short-sized SWCNTs MWCNTs. Data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis, histopathological findings,...

Concern over the influence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on human health has arisen due to advances; however, little is known about potential toxicity CNTs. In this study, impurity-free single-wall (SWCNTs), with different physical properties in cell culture medium, were prepared by a novel dispersion procedure. SWCNTs small bundles (short linear shape) and large (long did not cause significant inhibition proliferation, induction apoptosis or arrest cycle progression A549 alveolar epithelial...

Hypoxemia is a frequent complication after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with cardiopulmonary (CPB), usually attributed to atelectasis. Using computed tomography (CT), we investigated postoperative pulmonary alterations and their impact on blood oxygenation. Eighteen non-hypoxemic patients (15 men 3 women) normal cardiac function scheduled for CABG under CPB were studied. Hemodynamic measurements samples obtained before surgery, intubation, CPB, at admission the intensive care unit,...

Abstract This study analyzes how self‐guided cultural exploration and reflection (SCER) tasks affect the development of intercultural competency (ICC) students participating in a abroad program. The Intercultural Effectiveness Scale (IES) was used to measure students' ICC before after 6‐week faculty‐led program Japan. SCER encouraged examine Japanese history, cuisine, politics, architecture, economy, communication style, behaviors, gain sophisticated understanding culture through lens unique...

This study explores language use in Japanese–Catalan/Spanish families Catalonia with a special attention to Japanese. In community such as wherein two languages of different status are conflict within its own territory, the ability maintain socially 'weaker' and transmit yet another that does not have an official raises important question: how do these cross-linguistic cope 'double minority context' terms organising their family? Analysing data collected through questionnaire survey...

Acryloyl chloride is a highly toxic volatile liquid that can cause pulmonary edema. However, no sufficient treatment reports have been published to date. Here, we report case of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by acryloyl inhalation.The patient was 36-year-old man with accidental exposure chloride. The had dyspnea and wet cough, approximately 88% percutaneous oxygen saturation at room air. He diagnosed ARDS admitted the intensive care unit. Initially, he treated high-flow...

This study explores the degree of language knowledge Japanese living in Catalonia and their perceptions two particular languages used this multilingual/bilingual society. The data on proficiency was obtained via a questionnaire survey which evaluated by subjects themselves analysed means correspondence analysis. A significant correlation between Castilian that Catalan found, suggesting is first almost all learnt upon arrival or prior to arriving. Catalan, other hand, only group who had...

Abstract The present study revealed the dynamic process of speech development in a domestic immersion program by seven adult beginning learners Japanese. data were analyzed with fluency, accuracy, and complexity measurements at group, interindividual, intraindividual levels. results complex nature language among within individuals. reasons for such dynamicity pedagogical implications are discussed.

This paper explores language education in a Japanese school Catalonia from the viewpoints of policy with special attention to ideology. Our main goal is identify major factors which influence over school's education. As national abroad, this should include national, local and global its Language one methods respond expectation. The results data analysis, collected through semi-structured interviews vice-principal principal as well parents, suggest that home country ideologies have an...

Learning kanji is one of the greatest challenges that non-kanji-background Japanese learners face. Kanji have a complicated structure and are fundamentally different from characters Latin alphabet. Recognising them can thus be difficult for places whose writing systems do not include kanji. Studies on fixation eye movements observed in recognition by such therefore important to clarify kanji-recognition -learning process. The present study attempts shed light this subject using an...

症例は61歳の男性。3年前にKlebsiella pneumoniaeを起因菌とした肝膿瘍の既往があった。発熱と全身倦怠感を主訴に他院に救急搬送され，精査の結果，肝膿瘍による敗血症，播種性血管内凝固症候群と診断され当センターへ転院となった。腹部超音波検査，腹部造影CT検査所見では，肝外側区域に隔壁を伴う膿瘍形成を認め，抗菌薬（BIPM）の投与を開始した。第2病日に呼吸状態が悪化したため，気管挿管し人工呼吸器管理を開始するとともに超音波ガイド下経皮経肝的膿瘍ドレナージ術を行った。ドレーン造影を行うと，蜂巣状の膿瘍とそれに連続して胆管が造影された。穿刺液細菌培養の結果，Klebsiella...

Aquest estudi explora les ideologies linguistiques dels japonesos residents a Catalunya. A partir de la hipotesi que perspectives sobre llengues locals d’aquesta poblacio varien segons l’orientacio migratoria, vam entrevistar 34 japonesos. Els entrevistats havien col·laborat previament en els questionaris usos linguistics, quals s’han classificat tres subgrups llengua d’us predominant (japones, castella o catala). del grup japones son d’estada temporal, i el seu poc coneixement societat...

Starting from the question of whether expatriates can survive a temporary stay in host society without any knowledge local language, this study explores language life Japanese Barcelona and Madrid. The relationship between competence, needs, degree communicative satisfaction with general was analyzed. result suggests that use Non-English-speaking country is very important be one factors determining satisfaction, but not necessary general.

当センターの特発性食道破裂に対する治療成績を報告する。対象と方法：1991年から2007年までの特発性食道破裂 9 例を対象とした。平均年齢は65歳，男性 8 例，女性 1 例であった。術式，合併症，予後について検討した。結果：術式は直接縫合閉鎖 4 例，Fundic patch 例，T-tubeドレナージ 例，横隔膜パッチ 例，胸部食道全摘・頸部食道瘻 例，ドレナージのみ 例であった。縫合不全は 6 例（66%）に認めた。死亡は 2 例（死亡率22.2%）であった。考察と結語：死亡率は本邦での18%と比し，遜色のない成績であった。胃壁・肋間筋などでパッチを行う術式が近年報告されているが，当センターでは直接縫合閉鎖を主な術式としている。同術式は縫合不全の率は高いものの適確なドレナージを行えば救命率は良好であると考えられた。また破裂部周囲の食道剥離を小範囲にすることで縫合不全発生率を低下させる可能性が示唆された。

Abstract This study explores the transmission of Japanese in Japanese-Catalan/Spanish speaking families Catalonia from perspective Family Language Policy . Based on data obtained through in-depth interviews with nine Japanese-speaking parents whose spouses are Catalan native speakers, we describe these families’ language policies terms how they shed light cope transmitting such contexts. One most striking findings this is that socially weaker languages – namely and have an important presence...