Abstract A shift toward Th2 cytokine production has been demonstrated during pregnancy and high dose estrogen therapy is thought to be the primary mechanism by which suppresses development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. However, low treatment equally protective in absence a significant production. In this study cytokine-deficient mice were treated with determine whether was required for effects hormone therapy. Estrogen effectively suppressed encephalomyelitis IL-4 IL-10...

The biological effects of radiation originate principally in damages to DNA. DNA by X rays as well heavy ions are induced a combination direct and indirect actions. contribution action cell killing can be estimated from the maximum degree protection dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), which suppresses without affecting action. Exponentially growing Chinese hamster V79 cells were exposed high-LET radiations 20 2106 keV/mum presence or absence DMSO their survival was determined using colony formation...

The persistent inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is main characteristic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a lifelong illness that affects people both genders. exact etiology still undefined while previously it was attributed to genetic components. Later, investigated environment has an equal effect on development IBD encompassing Crohn’s (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC). Among environmental risk factors linked IBD, diet, notably transition toward Western most noticeable element...

Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 are members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1R) family transduce similar signals as IL-1R in response to bacteria bacterial components. In this study, we investigated regulation their gene expression murine tissues, especially liver hepatocytes. When mice were administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TLR2 mRNA was upregulated brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney. contrast, it downregulated spleen. decreased brain. heart increased, not affected kidney, TLR further...

Estrogen has been found to have suppressive effects on the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for human disease multiple sclerosis. We investigated 17beta-estradiol (E2) treatment dendritic cells (DCs) in two different mouse models EAE. The frequency CD11b(+)/CD11c(+) DCs was significantly decreased brain mice protected from EAE by E2 treatment. In addition, CD11c(+)/CD8alpha(+) producing tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and interferon (IFN)gamma...

The spike glycoprotein attached to the envelope of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds and exploits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) as an entry receptor infect pulmonary epithelial cells. A subset integrins that recognize arginyl–glycyl–aspartic acid (RGD) sequence in cognate ligands has been predicted silico bind and, thereby, be exploited for viral infection. Here, we show experimental evidence β1 predominantly expressed on human cell lines primary mouse...

Ito, A., Nakano, H., Kusano, Y., Hirayama, R., Furusawa, Murayama, C., Mori, T., Katsumura, Y. and Shinohara, K. Contribution of Indirect Action to Radiation-Induced Mammalian Cell Inactivation: Dependence on Photon Energy Heavy-Ion LET. Radiat. Res. 165, 703–712 (2006).The contribution indirect action mediated by OH radicals cell inactivation ionizing radiations was evaluated for photons over the energy range from 12.4 keV 1.25 MeV heavy ions linear transfer (LET) 20 keV/μm 440 applying...

An antigen histochemically localized in the nuclei and cytoplasmic granules of normal leukemic human myeloid cells has been identified as myeloperoxidase (MPO; EC 1.11.1.7). The localization amount enzyme was determined by using a murine monoclonal antibody designated H-43-5 raised against nuclear proteins derived from promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells. highest MPO (3.5 micrograms per 10(6) nuclei) found granulocytes; less than half this detected Still lower levels were monocytes series...

Abstract Bacillus subtilis spores were exposed in vacuo to monochromatic UV radiation from synchrotron the wavelength range of 150 nm 250 nm. Survival and frequency mutation histidine‐independent reversion analysed for three types differing DNA‐repair capabilities. UVR (wild‐type DNA repair capability) exhibited nearly equal sensitivity lethal effects far‐UV (220 nm) vacuum‐UV (150 165 nm), but showed marked resistance 190 radiation. UVS (excision‐repair spore‐repair deficient) UVP (a...

We examined OH radical-mediated indirect actions from X irradiation on cell killing in wild-type Chinese hamster ovary lines (CHO and AA8) under oxic hypoxic conditions, compared the contribution of direct both conditions. The action can be estimated maximum degree protection by dimethylsulfoxide, which suppresses quenching radicals without affecting rays killing. contributions CHO cells were 76% 50% respectively, those for AA8 85% 47%, respectively. Therefore, was enhanced oxygen during...

Using an electron storage ring as a source of radiation, the wavelength dependence inactivation and membrane damage in yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was investigated range from 145 to 254 nm, with special reference effects vacuum-uv radiation. The were irradiated on Millipore filter moist chamber filled water vapor (deoxygenated) at saturation pressure. Fluence-survival curves taken 5-nm intervals generally sigmoidal. Action spectra two types nearly identical shape. maximum occurred...

Abstract The wavelength dependence of the formation two types DNA damage, single‐strand breaks and base changes, was investigated in UV region from 150 nm to 254 using superhelical closed circular (form I) colicin El with synchrotron radiation. Single‐strand were measured by agarose gel electrophoresis as a direct conversion form I II (open circular). Base damages defined sensitive sites crude extract endonuclease Micrococcus luteus. They also estimated same conversion, after treated...

Breast cancer is the most common in women worldwide, and lung metastasis one of frequent distant metastases. When breast metastasizes to lung, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are thought promote tumor growth via activation myeloid-derived suppressor (MDSCs), which known negatively regulate anticancer immune responses. However, it remains be elucidated exactly how this ILC2-MDSC interaction involved during metastases formation. Using a 4T1/LM4 mouse model, we found that ILC2s were...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles IL-18 and IL-12 in potentiating encephalitogenic activity T cell lines specific for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG(35-55)). MOG-specific cells stimulated with anti-CD3 anti-CD28 presence or alone transferred only mild experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) into a low percentage recipients. However, cocultured both cytokines aggressive clinical histological EAE all Coculture enhanced secretion IFN-gamma, but not TNF-alpha,...