A5019444846- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Plant and animal studies
- Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Census and Population Estimation
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Statistical Methods and Inference
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Health disparities and outcomes
University of Southern Denmark
2015-2024
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
2023-2024
Species360
2021-2024
Nature Research Centre
2022
Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
2009-2016
Duke University
2008-2011
Jaguar Land Rover (United Kingdom)
2010
Roughly one in seven threatened terrestrial vertebrate species are held captivity, a resource for ex situ conservation efforts.
Summary Schedules of survival, growth and reproduction are key life‐history traits. Data on how these traits vary among species populations fundamental to our understanding the ecological conditions that have shaped plant evolution. Because demographic schedules determine population or decline, such data help us understand different biomes shape ecology, communities respond global change develop successful management tools for endangered invasive species. Matrix models summarize life cycle...
Significance In human populations, women live longer than men. While it is commonly assumed that this pattern of long-lived females vs. short-lived males constitutes the rule in mammals, magnitude sex differences lifespan and increase mortality rate with advancing age remain to be quantified. Here, we demonstrate that, wild, mammalian but did not detect any aging rates. Contrary a widespread hypothesis, reveal life history strategies do detectably influence either or Instead, our findings...
Significance Public interest in social and economic equality is burgeoning. We examine a related phenomenon, lifespan equality, using data from charismatic primate populations diverse human populations. Our study reveals three key findings. First, rises lockstep with life expectancy, across species separated by millions of years evolution over hundreds progress. Second, industrial humans differ more nonindustrial these measures than do other primates. Third, spite the astonishing progress...
Abstract Cancer is a ubiquitous disease of metazoans, predicted to disproportionately affect larger, long-lived organisms owing their greater number cell divisions, and thus increased probability somatic mutations 1,2 . While elevated cancer risk with larger body size and/or longevity has been documented within species 3–5 , Peto’s paradox indicates the apparent lack such an association among taxa 6 Yet, unequivocal empirical evidence for lacking, stemming from difficulty estimating in...
Biodiversity loss is a major challenge. Over the past century, average rate of vertebrate extinction has been about 100-fold higher than estimated background and population declines continue to increase globally. Birth death rates determine pace or decline, thus driving expansion species. Design species conservation policies hence depends on demographic data (e.g., for risk assessments estimation harvesting quotas). However, an overview accessible data, even better known taxa, lacking. Here,...
Given current extinction trends, the number of species requiring conservation breeding programs (CBPs) is likely to increase dramatically. To inform CBP policies for threatened terrestrial vertebrates, we evaluated and representation vertebrate on IUCN Red List held in ISIS zoo network estimated complexity their management as metapopulations. Our results show that 695 3,955 (23%) zoos are threatened. Only two 59 taxonomic orders a higher proportion than would be expected if were selected at...
Summary 1. Understanding age‐specific survival in wild animal populations is crucial to the study of population dynamics and therefore an essential component several fields including evolution, management conservation. 2. We present Bayesian trajectory analysis (BaSTA), a free open‐source software package for estimating from capture–recapture/recovery data under framework. 3. The method copes with low recapture probabilities, unknown ages (e.g. because left‐truncation) at death...
Summary Demographic senescence, the decay in fertility and increase risk of mortality with age, is one most striking phenomena ecology evolution. Comparative studies senescence patterns plants are scarce, consequently, little known about its determinants plant kingdom. Senescence can be classified by distinguishing between two metrics: pace shape . The captures speed at which life proceeds measured expectancy, while whether increases (‘senescence’), decreases (‘negative senescence’) or...
People who are more socially integrated or have higher socio-economic status live longer. Recent studies in non-human primates show striking convergences with this human pattern: female social partners, stronger bonds dominance rank all lead longer lives. However, it remains unclear whether environments also predict survival male primates, as does men. This gap persists because, most males disperse among groups, resulting many disappear unknown fate and dates of birth. We present a Bayesian...
Is it possible to slow the rate of ageing, or do biological constraints limit its plasticity? We test 'invariant ageing' hypothesis, which posits that ageing is relatively fixed within species, with a collection 39 human and nonhuman primate datasets across seven genera. first recapitulate, in primates, highly regular relationship between life expectancy lifespan equality seen humans. next demonstrate variation genera orders magnitude smaller than pre-adult age-independent mortality....
Is senescence inevitable and universal for all living organisms, as evolutionary theories predict? Although evidence generally supports this hypothesis, it has been proposed that certain species, such turtles tortoises, may exhibit slow or even negligible senescence-i.e., avoiding the increasing risk of death from gradual deterioration with age. In an extensive comparative study tortoises in zoos aquariums, we show ~75% 52 species senescence. For ~80% aging rates are lower than those modern...
Road-induced habitat fragmentation is one of the greatest threats to large carnivores. Wildlife passes have been used reduce by mitigating effects roads as barriers animal movement. However, direct observations animals crossing are extremely rare and thus indirect methods necessary locate crossings. Yet, current fail incorporate animals' movement behavior little predictive power. Based on principles resource selection functions state-space modeling, we developed a Bayesian model applied...
Summary 1. Traditional estimation of age‐specific survival and mortality rates in vertebrates is limited to individuals with known age. Although this subject has been studied extensively using effective capture–recapture capture–recovery models, inference remains challenging because large numbers incomplete records (i.e. unknown age many individuals) the inadequate duration studies. 2. Here, we present a hierarchical model for capture–recapture/recovery (CRR) data sets proportions times...
Abstract Whole‐plant senescence, defined as a decrease in individual fitness an organism grows older, has often been assumed to not occur plants; however, it now detected range of plant taxa. Still, reported senescence patterns vary substantially, and remains unknown how consistent are within phylogenetic groups they may be affected by environmental factors. Plants show high diversity life‐history traits environments, but shared among related species also common, making both diverse similar...
Most zoo animals are exposed daily to human visitors, which could be a major disturbance on reproduction. Although few studies have examined the relationship between number of births and crowd size by comparing high low visitor days, effect visitors animal reproduction over longer timescales has been overlooked. We assessed whether in 34 social mammal species hosted zoos from 23 European countries differed after prolonged periods closure public (COVID-19 lockdowns) as compared with preceding...
Understanding the relative effects of climate, harvest, and density dependence on population dynamics is critical for guiding sound management, especially ungulates in arid semiarid environments experiencing climate change. To address these issues bison southern Utah, USA, we applied a Bayesian state-space model to 72-yr time series abundance counts. While accounting known harvest (as well as live removal) from population, found that Utah exhibited strong potential grow low (β0 = 0.26;...
Mothers are crucial for mammals’ survival before nutritional independence, but many social mammals reside with their mothers long after. In these species the adversity caused by maternal loss later in life can dramatically reduce fitness. However, some human populations negative consequences be overcome care from other group members. We investigated of mountain gorillas and found no discernible fitness costs to through survival, age at first birth, or offspring infancy. Social network...
Summary The global population size of African lions is plummeting, and many small fragmented populations face local extinction. Extinction risks are amplified through the common practice trophy hunting for males, which makes setting sustainable quotas a vital task. Various demographic models evaluate consequences on lion growth. However, none use unbiased estimates male age‐specific mortality because such do not exist. Until now, estimating from resighting records marked males has been...
1. Our understanding of the interplay between density dependence, climatic perturbations, and conservation practices on dynamics small populations is still limited. This can result in uninformed strategies that put endangered at risk. Moreover, data available for a large number such circumstances are sparse mined with missing data. Under current climate change scenarios, it essential to develop appropriate inferential methods make use sets. 2. We studied population desert bighorn sheep...
Abstract Generation time is a fundamental component of extinction risk assessments for the International Union Conservation Nature’s Red List Threatened Species. The calculation generation requires age‐specific data on survival and fecundity rates knowledge population growth rates. These are generally lacking threatened species, so approximations including only partial demographic information need to be used. This leads potential errors in estimates. To quantify magnitude estimates, we...