A5050059404- Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
- Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
- Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
- Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
- Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems
- Heat Transfer and Optimization
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Membrane Separation Technologies
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission
- Adsorption and Cooling Systems
- Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies
- Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Thermoelastic and Magnetoelastic Phenomena
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2025
National Centre for Atmospheric Science
2025
University of Reading
2025
Virginia Tech
2016-2023
McDaniel College
2023
University of California, Santa Barbara
2020-2023
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
2022
United States Food and Drug Administration
2022
Sharif University of Technology
2017
It was recently discovered that condensation growing on a nanostructured superhydrophobic surface can spontaneously jump off the surface, triggered by naturally occurring coalescence events. Many reports have observed droplets must grow to size of order 10 μm before jumping is enabled upon coalescence; however, it remains unknown how critical relates topography underlying nanostructure. Here, we characterize dynamic behavior six different nanostructures, where nanopillars systematically...
Abstract Liquid–vapor phase change including evaporation, boiling, and condensation is a ubiquitous process found in power generation, desalination, thermal management, building heating cooling, additive manufacturing. The dynamics of droplets bubbles during nucleation, growth, departure critically influence the transport performance system efficiency. This review will highlight recent advancements using static dynamic strategies to manipulate for applications beyond.
Despite exceptional recent advances in tailoring the wettability of surfaces, to date, no engineered surface can passively suppress in-plane growth frost that invariably occurs humid, subfreezing environments. Here, we show up 90% a exhibit passive antifrosting by using chemical or physical patterns template "ice stripes" across surface. As ice exhibits depressed vapor pressure relative liquid water, these sacrificial stripes siphon supersaturated water keep intermediate areas dry from dew...
In response to a surge of deaths from synthetic opioid overdoses, there have been increased efforts distribute naloxone products in community settings. Prior research has assessed the effectiveness hospital setting; however, it is challenging assess dosing regimens community/first-responder setting, including reversal respiratory depression effects fentanyl and its derivatives (fentanyls). Here, we describe development validation mechanistic model that combines mu receptor binding kinetics,...
An attempt to apply extracts of the brown algae Cystoseira myrica and trinodis for quality enhancement fish was carried out. Aqueous, ethanolic, aqueous–ethanolic (1:1, v/v) both were included, respectively, in icing system employed chilled storage farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Chemical microbiological indices determined a 0–16-day period. At end experiment, all alga-treated revealed lower (p < 0.05) pH values lipid hydrolysis (free fatty acid assessment) oxidation...
<title>Abstract</title> Global surface warming has accelerated since around 2010, relative to the preceding half century<sup>1-3</sup>. This coincided with China’s efforts reduce air pollution through restricted atmospheric aerosol and precursor emissions<sup>4,5</sup>. A direct link between two has, however, not yet been established. Here we show, using a large set of simulations from eight Earth System Models, how time evolving 75% reduction in Chinese sulfate emissions partially unmasks...
When supercooled dew droplets form on a chilled surface, the subsequent freezing process is driven by fascinating phenomenon of propagating inter-droplet ice bridges. Here, we explore range conditions under which an individual dendrite can successfully bridge gap from frozen droplet to its nearest liquid neighbor. Ranging sizes 1 μm-10 mm, find that criterion for bridging purely geometric and independent temperature, ambient humidity, surface wettability. We model growth bridges as well...
We investigate the arrested spreading of room temperature droplets impacting flat ice. The use an icy substrate eliminates nucleation energy barrier, such that a freeze front can initiate as soon droplet's cools down to $0\text{ }\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$. employ scaling analysis rationalize distinct regimes hydrodynamics. For gently deposited droplets, capillary-inertial is halted at onset contact line freezing, yielding $1/7$ law for diameter. At low impact velocities...
Abstract Surfaces with micro/nano‐structures significantly enhance the critical heat flux of nucleate boiling by increasing wickability liquid phase to delay film boiling. An alternative strategy, removing surface bubbles at smaller sizes, is largely ignored. Here, they fabricate a rationally designed micro‐structured that enables coalescence‐induced departure microscopic vapor during pool water diameters an order magnitude than single‐bubble buoyant departure. Arrays micro‐cavities or...
We show that condensation growing on wheat leaves infected with the leaf rust fungus, Puccinia triticina, is capable of spontaneously launching urediniospores off plant. This surprising liberation mechanism enabled by superhydrophobicity leaves, which promotes a jumping-droplet mode powered surface energy released from coalescence events. found often adhere to self-propelled condensate, resulting in rates approximately 10 cm-2 h-1 for rust. Urediniospores were catapulted up 5 mm leaf's...
Abstract Droplets or puddles tend to freeze from the propagation of a single front. In contrast, videographers have shown that as soap bubbles freeze, plethora growing ice crystals can swirl around in beautiful effect visually reminiscent snow globe. However, underlying physics how has not been studied. Here, we characterize freezing on an icy substrate and reveal two distinct modes freezing. The first mode, occurring for isothermally supercooled bubbles, generates strong Marangoni flow...
The electrification of ice has been a subject research since 1940, mostly in the context charge generation thunderstorms. This electric is spontaneous, distinct from applying an external field to affect diffusive growth crystals. Here, we exploit spontaneous reveal surprising phenomenon jumping frost dendrites. We use side-view high-speed imaging experimentally observe dendrites breaking off mother and/or substrate jump out-of-plane toward opposing polar liquid. Analytical and numerical...
We develop a novel approach to suspend ice in the air-trapping Cassie state without requiring any fragile hydrophobic coatings or nanostructures. First, frost was preferentially grown on tops of hydrophilic aluminum pillars due their sharp corners and elevation over noncondensable gas barrier. Subsequently, formed by virtue impacting droplets getting arrested upper tips. A scaling model reveals that dynamic pressure an droplet causes water wick inside porous faster than timescale impale...
Passive solar desalination is an emerging low-cost technology for freshwater production. State-of-the-art desalinators typically evaporate water using wicking structures to achieve high solar-to-vapor efficiency. However, have limited salt rejection capability, which limits the operating duration several hours. In addition, few studies demonstrated efficient condensation a solar-to-water Here, we report passive inverted single-stage desalinator that achieves continuous and by...
The vapor pressure above ice is lower than that supercooled water at the same temperature. This inherent hygroscopic quality of has recently been exploited to suppress frost growth by patterning microscopic stripes along a surface. These vapor-attracting prevented condensation frosting from occurring in intermediate regions; however, required presence sacrificial made it impossible achieve ideal case completely dry Here, we decouple antifrosting surface holding an uncoated aluminum parallel...
Inspired by ducks, we demonstrate that air pockets within stacked layers of porous superhydrophobic feathers can withstand up to five times more water pressure compared a single feather. In addition natural duck feathers, this "layer effect" was replicated with synthetic created laser cutting micrometric slots into aluminum foil and imparting nanostructure. It revealed adding promotes an increasingly redundant pathway for impalement, which serves pressurize the enclosed pockets. This...
On a subfreezing surface, nucleating embryos usually form as supercooled condensate that later freezes into ice, opposed to desublimation. Ice proteins (INPs) have been widely used quickly freeze existing water; however, nobody has studied how they might affect the initial mode of embryo formation. We show INPs deposited on substrate can switch nucleation desublimation, rather than condensation, beneath critical temperature. By patterning hydrophobic surface with an array hydrophilic...
Liquid-ice interactions are becoming increasingly relevant for many applications including hydraulic fracturing, arctic drilling, and liquid-impregnated surfaces. It is therefore surprising that the capillary action of a liquid wicking across surface ice has never been characterized. We observe silicone oil as it wicks up sheets frost grown on vertically oriented aluminum surfaces varying wettability. Superhydrophilic hydrophilic promote growth continuous which displace with power-law slope...
We study the problem of online binary classification in settings where strategic agents can modify their observable features to receive a positive classification. model set feasible manipulations by directed graph over feature space, and assume learner only observes manipulated instead original ones. introduce Strategic Littlestone Dimension, new combinatorial measure that captures joint complexity hypothesis class manipulation graph. demonstrate it characterizes instance-optimal mistake...
Contrary to traditional thinking and driver intuition, here we show that there is no benefit ground vehicles increasing their packing density at stoppages. By systematically controlling the of queued a traffic light on Smart Road, drone footage revealed an initial increase in displacement for close-packed completely offset by lag time inherent changing back into 'liquid phase' when flow resumes. This analogous thermodynamic concept latent heat fusion, as 'temperature' (kinetic energy) cannot...