Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is often occult to conventional imaging techniques. However, there growing evidence that mTBI patients who lack of structural intracranial may develop post-concussive syndrome (PCS). We investigated longitudinal alterations in resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) networks a population 28 compared matched control participants. Rs-FC and cerebral blood flow (CBF) within the nodes Default Mode Network (DMN) Task Positive (TPN) were assessed at three...

Understanding tissue alterations at an early stage following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is critical for management and limiting severe consequences from secondary injury. We investigated the microstructural metabolic profiles using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) 2 4 h a controlled cortical impact rat 7.0 Tesla animal MRI system compared to baseline. Significant decrease mean diffusivity (MD) increased fractional anisotropy (FA) was...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides superior soft-tissue contrast in cancer diagnosis compared to other imaging modalities. However, the strong magnetic field inside MRI bore along with limited scanner size poses significant challenges. Since current approaches breast biopsy using MR images are primarily blind targeting approaches, it is necessary develop an MRI-compatible robot that can avoid multiple needle insertions into tissue. This robotic system could potentially lead...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are commonly used to construct activation maps for the human brain. It is important quantify reliability of such maps. We have developed statistical models provide precise estimates from several runs same paradigm over time. Specifically, our method extends premise maximum likelihood (ML) by Genovese et al. (Magn Reson Med 1997;38:497-507) incorporating spatial context into estimation process. Experiments indicate that methodology provides...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders for which a subset patients develops persistent postconcussive symptoms. Previous studies discovered abnormalities and disruptions in functional networks mTBI principally using static connectivity measures assume that neural communication across during resting state conditions. In this study, we examine differences dynamic between control participants through application combination analysis graph theoretic...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Transcranial MR imaging–guided focused ultrasound is a promising novel technique to treat multiple disorders and diseases. Planning for transcranial requires both CT scan skull density estimation treatment-planning simulation an imaging target identification. It desirable simplify the clinical workflow of treatment planning. The purpose this study was examine feasibility deep learning techniques convert ultrashort TE images directly synthetic use in...

Objective: Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown increased sensitivity in detecting brain white matter disease compared to traditional T2‐weighted MRI. (DWI) can quantitatively assess the microstructural integrity of using average apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC av ), a measure extent which water molecules move freely within tissue. On basis numerous studies suggesting bipolar patients, particularly patients with more severe illness, this study aimed test utility...

The aim of this study was to investigate if discrete wavelet decomposition provides additional insight into resting-state processes through the analysis functional connectivity within specific frequency ranges default mode network (DMN) that may be affected by mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Participants included 32 mTBI patients (15 with postconcussive syndrome [PCS+] and 17 without [PCS−]). received magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) at acute (within 10 days injury) chronic (6 months...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to compare cortical nociceptive responses painful contact heat in healthy young (ages 22-30, n = 7) and older 56-75, subjects. Compared subjects, subjects had significantly smaller pain-related fMRI anterior insula (aINS) (P < 0.04), primary somatosensory cortex (S1) 0.03), supplementary motor area 0.02). Gray matter volumes S1 aINS were for the group 0.02 0.0001, respectively), suggesting reduced processing capacity these regions that...

Severe and moderate traumatic brain injury (sTBI) often results in long-term cognitive deficits such as reduced processing speed attention. The intraparietal sulcus (IPS) is a neocortical structure that plays crucial role the deeply interrelated processes of multi-sensory top down Therefore, we hypothesized disruptions functional structural connections IPS may play development deficits. To examine these connections, used resting state magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI diffusion kurtosis...

Objective: To investigate early brain volumetric changes from acute to 6 months following mild traumatic injury (mTBI) in deep gray matter regions and their association with patient 6-month outcome.Methods: Fifty-six patients mTBI underwent MRI behavioral evaluation at (<10 days) approximately 1 post injury. Regional volume were investigated key regions: thalamus, hippocampus, putamen, caudate, pallidum, amygdala, compared volumes 34 healthy control subjects. In mTBI, we further assessed...

Background MR spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive tool for evaluating biochemical alterations, such as glutamate (Glu)/gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) imbalance and depletion of antioxidative glutathione (GSH) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Thalamus, critical vulnerable region post‐TBI, challenging MRS acquisitions, necessitating optimization to simultaneously measure GABA/Glu GSH. Purpose To assess the feasibility optimize acquisition processing approaches measuring GABA, Glx (Glu +...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) even in the mild form may result long-lasting post-concussion symptoms. TBI is also a known risk to late-life neurodegeneration. Recent studies suggest that dysfunction glymphatic system, responsible for clearing protein waste from brain, play pivotal role development of dementia following TBI. Given diverse nature TBI, longitudinal investigations are essential comprehending dynamic changes system and its implications recovery. In this prospective study, we...

Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) even in the mild form may result long-lasting post-concussion symptoms. TBI is also a known risk to late-life neurodegeneration. Recent studies suggest that dysfunction glymphatic system, responsible for clearing protein waste from brain, play pivotal role development of dementia following TBI. Given diverse nature TBI, longitudinal investigations are essential comprehending dynamic changes system and its implications recovery. Methods In this...

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited mental retardation and studied in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse, which models both anatomical behavioral changes observed FXS patients. In vitro studies have shown many alterations synaptic plasticity increased density immature dendritic spines hippocampus, a region involved learning memory. this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1) H spectroscopy (MRS) were used to determine vivo longitudinal volume metabolites hippocampus...

<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background and Purpose:</ns4:bold> The brain changes that underlie therapy-induced improvement in motor function after stroke remain obscure. This study sought to demonstrate the feasibility utility of measuring system physiology a clinical trial intensive upper extremity rehabilitation chronic stroke-related hemiparesis. <ns4:bold>Methods: </ns4:bold> was substudy two multi-center trials robotic conventional therapy arm chronic, significantly hemiparetic, patients....

Background and Purpose: The brain changes that underlie therapy-induced improvement in motor function after stroke remain obscure. This study sought to demonstrate the feasibility utility of measuring system physiology a clinical trial intensive upper extremity rehabilitation chronic stroke-related hemiparesis. Methods: was substudy two multi-center trials robotic arm therapy chronic, significantly hemiparetic, patients. Transcranial magnetic stimulation used measure cortical output biceps...

Mild (mTBI) traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for the majority of all TBI cases. Evidence has suggested that patients with mTBI can suffer from long-lasting cognitive deficits, persistent symptoms, and decreased quality life. Sleep disorders are commonly observed after TBI, prevalence rate sleep disturbances in persons being much higher than general population. Poor impair functions This effect may impede recovery processes population TBI. The objective this study is to add our...

The perivascular space (PVS) is important to brain waste clearance and metabolic homeostasis. Enlarged PVS (ePVS) becomes visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) best appreciated T2-weighted (T2w) images. However, quantification of ePVS challenging because standard-of-care T1-weighted (T1w) T2w images are often obtained via two-dimensional (2D) acquisition, whereas accurate normally requires high-resolution volumetric three-dimensional (3D) T1w purpose this study was investigate the use...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) account for 85% of all TBIs. Working memory impairment is one the most common symptoms in mTBI patients and may persist years post-mTBI. In this study, we used N-back fMRI to investigate varying task loads on functional activation pattern with mild TBI age-matched healthy controls (HCs) as well longitudinal changes within group. Our results suggested that appropriate load would be more sensitive detecting subtle changes, even though differences behavioral...

The accurate delineation of thalamic nuclei is important in understanding the underlying pathophysiology associated with neurological disorders and targeting specific image guided interventions. However, sub-parcellation challenging given lack contrast within thalamus provided by conventional T1 or T2 images. In this study, we use synthesized MPRAGE images different inversion time (TI) (SynTI) to accurately parcellate nuclei, as outlined Morel atlas. Additionally, examined distinct magnetic...