A5059997343- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Breast Lesions and Carcinomas
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2015-2024
UW Health University Hospital
2001-2023
University of Wisconsin Health
2021-2022
William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital
2020-2021
University of Miami
2013
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center
2008-2012
Institute for Medical Informatics and Biostatistics
2008
University of California, Davis
1994-1998
Northwestern University
1993-1996
Abstract Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide an unprecedented opportunity for modeling of human diseases in vitro, as well developing novel approaches regenerative therapy based on immunologically compatible cells. In this study, we employed OP9 differentiation system to characterize the hematopoietic and endothelial potential seven iPSC lines obtained from fetal, neonatal, adult fibroblasts through reprogramming with POU5F1, SOX2, NANOG, LIN28 compared it five embryonic cell...
The emergence of divergent SARS-CoV-2 lineages has raised concern that novel variants eliciting immune escape or the ability to displace circulating could emerge within individual hosts. Though growing evidence suggests arise during prolonged infections, most infections are acute. Understanding how efficiently and transmit among acutely-infected hosts is therefore critical for predicting pace long-term evolution. To characterize within-host diversity generated propagated, we combine...
Certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I alleles are associated with the control of human immunodeficiency virus and simian (SIV) replication. We have designed sequence-specific primers for detection rhesus macaque MHC allele Mamu-B*08 by PCR screened a cohort SIV-infected macaques this allele. Analysis 196 SIV(mac)239-infected Indian revealed that was significantly overrepresented in elite controllers; 38% controllers were positive compared to 3% progressors (P = 0.00001)....
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide an unprecedented opportunity for modeling of human diseases in vitro, as well developing novel approaches regenerative therapy based on immunologically compatible cells. In this study, we employed OP9 differentiation system to characterize the hematopoietic and endothelial potential seven iPSC lines obtained from fetal, neonatal, adult fibroblasts through reprogramming with POU5F1, SOX2, NANOG, LIN28 compared it five embryonic cell (hESC, H1,...
ABSTRACT Several HLA alleles are associated with attenuated human immunodeficiency virus disease progression. We explored the relationship between expression of particular major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and viremia in simian SIV mac 239-infected macaques. Of common MHC alleles, animals that expressed Mamu-A*01 exhibited best control viral replication.
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous neoplasms, which sometimes malignant, although predicting metastasis is difficult. INSM1 a transcription factor expressed transiently in embryonic neuroendocrine (NE) tissue, thought to coordinate termination of cell division with differentiation NE and neuroepithelial cells. In adult tissues, has been identified multiple tumors or origin but not thoroughly investigated as potential neoplastic marker.We evaluated semiquantitative...
Abstract Two years after the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, there is still a need for better ways to assess risk transmission in congregate spaces. We deployed active air samplers monitor presence SARS-CoV-2 real-world settings across communities Upper Midwestern states Wisconsin and Minnesota. Over 29 weeks, we collected 527 samples from 15 settings. detected 106 that were positive viral RNA, demonstrating can be continuous variety expanded utility surveillance test 40 other respiratory...
Certain major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) alleles are associated with delayed disease progression in individuals infected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and macaques simian (SIV). However, little is known about the influence of these MHC on acute-phase cellular immune responses. Here we follow 51 animals SIV(mac)239 demonstrate a dramatic association between Mamu-A*01 -B*17 expression slowed progression. We show that dominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses...
The hydrolysis of the nucleoside triphosphates, such as ATP or GTP, plays a central role in variety biochemical processes; but, most cases, specific mechanism energy transduction is unclear. DNA strand exchange promoted by Escherichia coli recA protein normally associated with hydrolysis. However, we advanced idea that observed not obligatorily linked to strands (Menetski, J. P., Bear, D. G., and Kowalczykowski, S. C. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. A. 87, 21-25); instead, binding resulting...
ABSTRACT Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are thought to control human immunodeficiency virus replication during the acute phase of infection. Understanding CD8 + T-cell immune early after infection may, therefore, be important vaccine design. Analyzing these in humans is difficult since few patients diagnosed Additionally, infected by a variety viral subtypes, making it hard design reagents measure their acute-phase responses. Given complexities evaluating humans, we analyzed rhesus...
Therapeutic antibodies targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway function as immune checkpoint inhibitors, allowing system to recognize tumors which otherwise escape surveillance. However, these agents can also elicit an autoimmune response by inhibiting ability of non-neoplastic tissues and regulatory cells suppress system. Here we present a fatal case active myocarditis in 55-year-old man with non-small-cell lung cancer occurred following monotherapy PD-1 inhibitor...
Abstract Background Healthcare personnel (HCP) are at increased risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We posit that current control guidelines generally protect HCP from SARS-CoV-2 in a healthcare setting. Methods In this retrospective case series, we used viral genomics to investigate the likely source major academic medical institution Upper Midwest United States between 25 March and 27 December 2020. obtained limited epidemiological data...
ABSTRACT CD8 + T lymphocytes (CD8-TL) select viral escape variants in both human immunodeficiency virus and simian (SIV) infections. The frequency of CD8-TL as well the contribution to overall diversification has not been assessed. We quantified selection SIV infections by sequencing genomes from 35 SIVmac239-infected animals at time euthanasia. Here we show that positive for sequences encoding 46 known epitopes is comparable observed variable loops env . also found >60% variation outside...
Context Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an uncommon tumor in the pediatric population. A limited number of studies have examined genetic mutations affecting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway Objective To examine this PTC our population and compare BRAF V600E mutation rates adult tumors. Design Eighty-four patients, including 14 70 adult, with were tested for by using real-time polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Additionally, we rate RAS point rearrangements RET/PTC1...
Abstract Evidence-based public health approaches that minimize the introduction and spread of new SARS-CoV-2 transmission clusters are urgently needed in United States other countries struggling with expanding epidemics. Here we analyze 247 full-genome sequences from two nearby communities Wisconsin, USA, find surprisingly distinct patterns viral spread. Dane County had 12 th known States, but this did not lead to descendant community Instead, outbreak was seeded by multiple later...
SARS-CoV-2 testing is crucial to controlling the spread of this virus, yet shortages nucleic acid extraction supplies and other key reagents have hindered response COVID-19 in US. Several groups described loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for SARS-CoV-2, including directly from nasopharyngeal swabs eliminating need short supply. Frequent surveillance individuals attending work or school currently unavailable most people but will likely be necessary reduce ~50% transmission...
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic exposed difficulties in scaling current quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based diagnostic methodologies for large-scale infectious disease testing. Bottlenecks include lengthy multi-step processes nucleic acid extraction followed by qPCR readouts, which require costly instrumentation and infrastructure, as well reagent plastic consumable shortages stemming from supply chain constraints. Here we report an Oil Immersed Lossless Total Analysis System (OIL-TAS), integrates...
In hamsters, SARS-CoV-2 infection at the same time as or before H3N2 influenza virus resulted in significantly reduced titers lungs and nasal turbinates. This interference may be correlated with SARS-CoV-2-induced expression of MX1.
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.621 (Mu) variant emerged in January 2021 and was categorized as a of interest by the World Health Organization August 2021. This designation prompted us to study sensitivity this antibody neutralization. In live virus neutralization assay with serum samples from individuals vaccinated Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna mRNA vaccines, we measured titers against B.1.621, an early isolate (spike 614D), concern (B.1.351, Beta variant). We observed reduced neutralizing (3.4- 7-fold...
It is now accepted that an effective vaccine against AIDS must include cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses. The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaque the best available animal model for AIDS, but analysis of CTL responses has hitherto focused mainly on epitopes bound by a single major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, Mamu-A*01. availability Mamu-A*01-positive macaques studies therefore severely limited. Furthermore, it becoming clear different are...
The role of CD4(+) T cells in the control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian (SIV) replication is not well understood. Even though strong HIV- SIV-specific T-cell responses have been detected individuals that viral replication, major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules definitively linked with slow disease progression. In a cohort 196 SIVmac239-infected Indian rhesus macaques, group macaques controlled to less than 1,000 RNA copies/ml. These elite controllers...