A5008072863- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Noise Effects and Management
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Ovarian function and disorders
- Image Processing Techniques and Applications
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Smart Agriculture and AI
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Biomedical Ethics and Regulation
- Infection Control and Ventilation
University of California, Riverside
2016-2025
Jamia Millia Islamia
2014
IEEE Computer Society
2014
Stem Cell Institute
2010
Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
2006
The University of Queensland
2000
Wellcome Trust
1977-1990
Mote Marine Laboratory
1983
British Medical Association
1977
Royal College of Psychiatrists
1977
Background Electronic cigarettes (EC) deliver aerosol by heating fluid containing nicotine. Cartomizer EC combine the chamber and element in a single unit. Because do not burn tobacco, they may be safer than conventional cigarettes. Their use is rapidly increasing worldwide with little prior testing of their aerosol. Objectives We tested hypothesis that contains metals derived from various components EC. Methods contents aerosols were analyzed using light electron microscopy, cytotoxicity...
Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the contamination that persists after secondhand tobacco has been emitted into air. It refers to tobacco-related gases and particles become embedded in materials, such as carpet, walls, furniture, blankets, toys. THS not strictly smoke, but chemicals adhere surfaces from which they can be released back air, undergo chemical transformations and/or accumulate. Currently, hazards of are well documented (SHS). In this Perspective, we describe distribution changes occur...
Background Prior electronic cigarette (EC) topography data are based on two video analyses with limited parameters. Alternate methods for measuring needed to understand EC use and nicotine intake. Objectives This study evaluated a CReSS Pocket device quantified Methods Validation tests pressure drop, flow rate, volume confirmed reliable performance of the device. Twenty participants used Blu Cigs V2 10 minute intervals 10–15 break between brands. Brand order was reversed repeated within 7...
Whereas JUUL electronic cigarettes (ECs) have captured the majority of EC market, with a large fraction their sales going to adolescents, little is known about cytotoxicity and potential effects on health. The purpose this study was determine flavor chemical nicotine concentrations in eight currently marketed prefilled cartridges ("pods") evaluate different variants (e.g., "Cool Mint" "Crème Brulee") using vitro assays. Nicotine chemicals were analyzed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry...
Abstract All vertebrates have an egg shell that surrounds ovulated eggs and plays critical roles in gamete recognition. This extracellular matrix is known as the zona pellucida eutherian mammals consists of three glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2 ZP3 mouse. To investigate role ZP1 fertilization early development, we used targeted mutagenesis embryonic stem cells to create mouse lines (Zp1tm/tm) lacking ZP1. Although a composed was formed around growing Zp1tm/tm oocytes, more loosely organized than...
Journal Article Conventional and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have different smoking characteristics Get access Anna Trtchounian, M.S., M.S. Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, University California, Riverside, CA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Monique Williams, B.S., B.S. Prue Talbot, Ph.D. Nicotine Tobacco Research, Volume 12, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 905–912, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntq114 Published: 19 July 2010...
Background: The health effects caused by electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use are not well understood. Objective: Our purpose was to document the positive and negative short-term produced e-cigarette through an analysis of original posts from three online e-cigarettes forums. Methods: Data were collected into Microsoft Access databases analyzed using Cytoscape association graphics, frequency distributions, interactomes determine number type reported, organ systems affected specific...
<h3>Objective</h3> The objective was to analyse and compare puff exhalation duration for individuals using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) conventional cigarettes in YouTube videos. <h3>Methods</h3> Video data from videos were analysed quantify during use of tobacco-containing ENDS. For ENDS, comparisons also made between 'advertisers' 'non-advertisers', genders, brands models ENDS within one brand. <h3>Results</h3> Puff (mean =2.4 s) smokers (N=9) agreed well with prior...
Thousands of electronic cigarette refill fluids are commercially available. The concentrations nicotine and the solvents, but not flavor chemicals, often disclosed on product labels. purpose this study was to identify quantify chemicals in 39 commercial that were previously evaluated for toxicity. Twelve identified with ≥1 mg/ml: cinnamaldehyde, menthol, benzyl alcohol, vanillin, eugenol, p-anisaldehyde, ethyl cinnamate, maltol, triacetin, benzaldehyde, menthone. Transfer these into aerosols...
Objective Our purpose was to quantify 36 inorganic chemical elements in aerosols from disposable electronic cigarettes (ECs) and hookahs (EHs), examine the effect of puffing topography on aerosols, identify source elements. Methods Thirty-six their concentrations EC/EH were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, identified by analyzing disassembled atomizers scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results Of screened, 35 detected...
Abstract We characterized the flavor chemicals in a broad sample of commercially available electronic cigarette (EC) refill fluids that were purchased four different countries. Flavor 277 identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, two commonly used tested for cytotoxicity with MTT assay using human lung fibroblasts epithelial cells. About 85% had total concentrations >1 mg/ml, 37% >10 mg/ml (1% weight). Of 155 fluids, 50 present at ≥1 least one 11 ≥10 54 fluids....
Purpose Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) purport to deliver the lungs of smokers. Five brands ENDS were evaluated for design features, accuracy and clarity labelling quality instruction manuals associated print material supplied with products or on manufacturers' websites. Methods purchased from online vendors analysed various parameters. Results While basic was similar across brands, specific features varied significantly. Fluid contained in cartridge reservoirs readily leaked...
<h3>Objective</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution, concentration and toxicity cinnamaldehyde in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) refill fluids aerosols. <h3>Methods</h3> distribution were determined 39 e-cigarette plus 6 duplicates using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A profile established for embryonic adult cells a live cell imaging assay, immunocytochemistry, comet assay recovery assay. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty contained at concentrations that are...
SUMMARY Enveloped virions and dense bodies of human cytomegalovirus have been purified by centrifugation, using combination negative viscosity: positive density gradients. Light-scattering bands each component were obtained, when these examined immune electron microscopy minimal cross contamination was observed.
Abstract We identified the most popular electronic cigarette (EC) refill fluids using an Internet survey and local online sales information, quantified their flavor chemicals, evaluated cytotoxicities of chemicals. “Berries/Fruits/Citrus” was EC fluid category. Twenty were purchased from shops, ingredient chemicals by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total chemical concentrations ranged 0.6 to 27.9 mg/ml, in 95% fluids, total concentration greater than nicotine concentration. The 20...
As thousands of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) refill fluids continue to be formulated and distributed, there is a growing need understand the cytotoxicity flavouring chemicals solvents used in these products ensure they are safe. The purpose this study was compare e-cigarette fluids/solvents their corresponding aerosols using vitro cultured cells.
We evaluated the accuracy of nicotine concentration labeling on electronic cigarette refill products.The 71 fluid products and 1 related do-it-yourself (DIY) product was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Quantified data were compared with manufacturers labeled concentrations. Duplicate purchased at different times by visual comparison coloration concentration.Thirty-five 54 nicotine-containing fluids had concentrations that deviated more than ± 10% from manufacturer...
Journal Article Variability Among Electronic Cigarettes in the Pressure Drop, Airflow Rate, and Aerosol Production Get access Monique Williams, Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Prue Talbot Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Volume 13, Issue 12, December 2011, Pages 1276–1283, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr164 Published: 12 October 2011 history Received: 25 March Accepted: 29 June
The design of electronic cigarette (EC) atomizing units has evolved since their introduction over 10 years ago. purpose this study was to evaluate atomizer in ECs sold between 2011–2017. Atomizers from 34 brands representing three generations were dissected and photographed using a stereoscopic microscope. Five distinct categories identified first generation products (cig-a-like/cartomizer) found the third generation. most cig-a-like contained filament, thick wire, wire joints, air-tube,...
Genome editing of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is instrumental for functional genomics, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. However, low efficiency has hampered the applications CRISPR-Cas9 technology in creating knockin (KI) or knockout (KO) iPSC lines, which largely due to massive cell death after electroporation with plasmids. Here, we report that transient delivery BCL-XL increases survival by ∼10-fold plasmid transfection, leading a 20- 100-fold increase...
Objective To evaluate performance of the I quit original smoking (iQOS) heat-not-burn system as a function cleaning and puffing topography, investigate validity manufacturer’s claims that this device does not burn tobacco determine if polymer-film filter is potentially harmful. Methods iQOS was evaluated using five running conditions incorporating two different protocols. Heatsticks were visually stereomicroscopically inspected preuse postuse to extent plug charring (from pyrolysis) melting,...