A5101878796- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Rock Mechanics and Modeling
- Food Quality and Safety Studies
- Landslides and related hazards
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Coffee research and impacts
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
Tsinghua University
2024
Portland State University
2015-2023
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
2015-2023
Hubei University of Technology
2015
Wuhan University
2015
<h3>Background</h3> Most e-cigarette liquids contain flavour chemicals. Flavour chemicals certified as safe for ingestion by the Flavor Extracts Manufacturers Association may not be use in e-cigarettes. This study identified and measured 30 fluids. <h3>Methods</h3> Two brands of single-use e-cigarettes were selected their fluids multiple types analysed gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. For same types, confectionary flavours (eg, bubble gum cotton candy), also convenience samples refill...
The heating of the fluids used in electronic cigarettes ("e-cigarettes") to create "vaping" aerosols is capable causing a wide range degradation reaction products. We investigated formation benzene (an important human carcinogen) from e-cigarette containing propylene glycol (PG), glycerol (GL), benzoic acid, flavor chemical benzaldehyde, and nicotine.Three devices were used: JUULTM "pod" system (provides no user accessible settings other than cartridge choice), two refill tank systems that...
Thousands of electronic cigarette refill fluids are commercially available. The concentrations nicotine and the solvents, but not flavor chemicals, often disclosed on product labels. purpose this study was to identify quantify chemicals in 39 commercial that were previously evaluated for toxicity. Twelve identified with ≥1 mg/ml: cinnamaldehyde, menthol, benzyl alcohol, vanillin, eugenol, p-anisaldehyde, ethyl cinnamate, maltol, triacetin, benzaldehyde, menthone. Transfer these into aerosols...
Electronic cigarettes enabling enhanced airflow have grown in popularity recent years. The objective of this study is to show that flow rates modulate the levels specific aerosol toxicants produced electronic cigarettes. Flow used various laboratory investigations involving e-cigarettes varied widely date, and can thus promote interlaboratory variability product profiles. thermal decomposition hydroxyacetone glycolaldehyde less favorable at lower temperatures, supporting observations these...
Inhalable, noncombustible cannabis products are playing a central role in the expansion of medical and recreational use cannabis. In particular, practice "dabbing" with butane hash oil has emerged great popularity states that have legalized Despite their growing popularity, degradation product profiles these new not been extensively investigated. The study herein focuses on chemistry myrcene other common terpenes found extracts. Methacrolein, benzene, several concern to human health were...
Consumption of cannabis by nontraditional methods has surged since the advent legalization in North America and worldwide. Inhaling extracts using vaporizers via dabbing risen popularity, while concerns over product safety have not hindered their proliferation. The work herein is first step toward assessing vaporizing concentrated as a function gas-phase reaction products. thermal degradants Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) been previously investigated. It was found that users may be exposed to...
China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) is ideal for studying solar-, geo-, and supernova neutrinos. A precise measurement of the cosmic-ray background would play an essential role in proceeding with R\&D research these MeV-scale neutrino experiments. Using a 1-ton prototype detector Neutrino Experiment (JNE), we detected 264 high-energy muon events from 645.2-day dataset at first phase CJPL (CJPL-I), reconstructed their directions, measured flux to be...
Abstract Toxicant deliveries (by machine smoking) are compiled and associated cancer risks calculated for 13 carcinogens from 26 brands of conventional cigarettes categorized as “regular” (R), “light” (Lt), or “ultralight” (ULt), a reference cigarette. Eight “potentially reduced exposure product” (PREP) also considered. Because agency-to-agency differences exist in the slope factor (CSF) values adopted some carcinogens, two CSF sets were used calculations: set I [U.S. Environmental...
Abstract The electronic cigarette solvents propylene glycol and glycerol are known to produce toxic byproducts such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde acrolein. However, the aerosol toxin yield depends upon a variety of chemical physical variables. formaldehyde hemiacetals derived from these were reported major components by us in 2015. In study described herein, found at higher levels than those free via an orthogonal sample collection protocol. addition, common aldehyde methods for cigarettes,...
For future MeV-scale neutrino experiments, a Cherenkov scintillation detector, CSD, is of particular interest for its capability to reconstruct both energy and direction charged particles. A type new target material, slow liquid scintillator, SlowLS, which can be used separate lights, one the options detectors. multi-hundred ton spherical CSD simulated using Geant4-based Monte Carlo software, handles detailed micro processes MeV particles optical photons functions photomultiplier, PMT,...
Recently, we reported the presence of dihydroxyacetone (DHA), active ingredient in sunless tanners, aerosol an electronic cigarette. DHA has been shown to react with DNA vitro. The FDA restricts use external application only. It states that it should not be inhaled, ingested, or come into contact any areas containing mucous membranes, due unknown risk. Herein, quantification aerosols three brands e-cigarettes carried out. These included two devices horizontal heating coil configurations as...
Our goal was to evaluate the effects of EC refill fluids and exhaled aerosol residue (ECEAR) on cultured human keratinocytes MatTek EpiDerm™, a 3D air liquid interface skin model. Quantification flavor chemicals nicotine in Dewberry Cream Churrios done using GC–MS. The dominant were maltol, ethyl vanillin, benzyl alcohol, furaneol. Cytotoxicity determined with MTT LDH assays, inflammatory markers quantified ELISAs. cytotoxic assay, both induced ROS production medium (ROS-Glo™) cells...
Dabbing and vaping cannabis extracts have gained large popularity in the United States as alternatives to smoking, but diversity both available products consumption habits make it difficult assess consumer exposure psychoactive ingredients potentially harmful components. This work studies how relative ratios of two primary components extracts, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) terpenes, affect dosage these or (HPHCs). THC contains a monoterpene moiety has been previously shown emit similar...
Abstract A solar neutrino detector relying on the charged-current (CC) interaction of $$\nu _e$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> $$\mathrm{{}^{7}Li}$$ <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>7</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>Li</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> is attractive. The total CC cross-section weighted by $$^8$$ <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> B electron spectrum approximately 60 times that neutrino-electron...
Heat-not-burn products, eg, I quit ordinary smoking (IQOS), are becoming popular alternative tobacco products. The nicotine aerosol protonation state has addiction implications due to differences in absorption kinetics and harshness. Nicotine free-base fraction (αfb) ranges from 0 1. Herein, we report αfb for IQOS aerosols by exchange-averaged 1H NMR chemical shifts of the methyl protons bulk verified headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ≈ products...
Abstract Solar, terrestrial, and supernova neutrino experiments are subject to muon-induced radioactive background. The China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), with its unique advantage of a 2400 m rock coverage long distance from nuclear power plants, is ideal for MeV-scale experiments. Using 1-ton prototype detector the Neutrino Experiment (JNE), we detected 343 high-energy cosmic-ray muons (7.86 3.97) neutrons an 820.28-day dataset at first phase CJPL (CJPL-I). Based on neutrons,...
ABSTRACT While JUUL electronic cigarettes (ECs) have captured the majority of EC market with a large fraction their sales going to adolescents, little is known about cytotoxicity and potential effects on health. The purpose this study was determine flavor chemical nicotine concentrations in eight currently marketed pre-filled cartridges (“pods”) evaluate different variants (e.g., “Cool Mint” “Crème Brulee”) using vitro assays. Nicotine chemicals were analyzed gas chromatography/mass...
The China Jinping underground Laboratory (CJPL) is an excellent location for studying solar, terrestrial, and supernova neutrinos due to its 2400-meter vertical rock overburden. Its unparalleled depth gives opportunity investigate the cosmic-ray muons with exceptionally high average energy at $\sim360$ GeV. This paper details a study of muon-related backgrounds based on 1178 days data collected by 1-ton prototype neutrino detector used Neutrino Experiment (JNE) since 2017. apparent effects...