The aim was to evaluate the effect of different feed additives on intake, performance, and fecal consistency index (FCI) dairy calves from 6-60 d age its residual 15 after weaning. Fifty Holstein (38 ± 1.0 kg BW) were fed 5 L/d milk plus starter until weaning, corn silage concentrate treatments were: control (CON), monensin (MON; 30 mg/kg starter), probiotic E. faecium (PROB; 70 essential oils (EO; 300 or PROB + EO (EOPROB). Fecal score dry matter intake (DMI) measured daily, animals weighed...

Contamination by multi-mycotoxins in cattle feed can lead to increased susceptibility diseases and loss of performance. The present study aimed investigate the occurrence multiple mycotoxins diet beef feedlots Brazil. Chromatographic analyses were performed on 152 TMR samples from seven states, representing provided 1,246,522 animals. was found 100% analyzed, with most frequent being fumonisins, samples, followed zearalenone, which contaminated 79.6% subsequently aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol,...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect genetic polymorphism kappa-casein, breed and seasonality on physicochemical characteristics, composition stability milk in commercial dairy herds. A total 879 blood samples were collected from 603 Holstein 276 Girolando cows, obtained during rainy dry seasons. Milk analyzed determine ethanol stability, while subjected polymerase chain reaction identify kappa-casein genotype. frequencies genotypes AA, AB BB k-casein respectively, 66.83,...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects different anti-mycotoxin feed additives on concentration mycotoxins in milk, urine, and blood plasma dairy cows fed artificially multi-mycotoxin-contaminated diets. Secondarily, performance, total-tract apparent digestibility nutrients, parameters were evaluated. Twelve multiparous (165 ± 45 d 557 49 kg body weight, 32.1 4.57 kg/d milk yield at start experiment) blocked according parity, yield, days used a 4 × Latin square design experiment...

The present study was carried out with the objective of evaluating effects feeding dairy cows organic or inorganic sources zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) on blood concentrations these minerals, metabolic profiles, nutrient intake milk yield composition. Nineteen Holstein were selected randomly assigned to two groups for receiving (n = 9) 10) Zn, Cu Se from 60 days before expected date calving 80 lactation. Samples feed, orts collected analysis. Body condition score (BCS) determined...

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate a blend of essential oils (EO) combined with amylase as an alternative ionophores and its potential for reducing the use antibiotics in dairy industry. In experiment 1, 8 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows (576 ± 100 kg body weight, 146 35 d milk, 35.1 4.0 kg/d milk yield at start experiment) assigned 4 × Latin square 21-d periods determine influence feed additives on total apparent digestibility nutrients, ruminal fermentation, N utilization,...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between milk flow, teat morphological measurements and subclinical mastitis prevalence in Gir cows. Eighty cows 2nd 3rd lactations, with 90 200 days lactation, were divided according flow during milking into fast or slow groups. Teat morphometry assessed by ultrasound scanning right anterior external measurements. Milk samples collected for somatic cells count (SCC) microbiological culture. effect evaluated analysis variance yield, SCC,...

To compare the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cephapirin and ceftiofur with MICs their active metabolites (desacetylcephapirin desfuroylceftiofur) for selected mastitis pathogens.488 pathogen isolates from clinically subclinically affected cows in commercial dairy herds Wisconsin.Agar dilution was used to determine Staphylococcus aureus (n = 98), coagulase-negative staphylococci (99), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (97), uberis (96), Escherichia coli (98).All S were susceptible...

The objective of this study was to evaluate herd management practices and mastitis treatment procedures as risk factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial resistance. For study, 13 herds were selected participate in the association between their vitro susceptibility. A total 1069 composite milk samples collected aseptically from cows four different periods over two years. used for microbiological culturing S. isolates evaluation 756 (70.7%) culture-positive, comprised 27.77%...

The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects supplementing 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcidiol, CAL) compared with vitamin (cholecalciferol, CHOL) at 1 or 3 mg/d in late gestation on production outcomes dairy cows. One hundred thirty-three parous and 44 nulliparous pregnant Holstein cows enrolled experiment. Cows blocked by parity previous lactation milk yield (parous) genetic merit (nulliparous) assigned randomly receive CAL CHOL a 2 × factorial arrangement treatments (CAL1,...

Abstract The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects supplementation Nellore ( Bos indicus ) cows with β‐carotene + vitamins A D3 E biotin on body condition score (BCS), oestrus, pregnancy, and foetal morphometry. Lactating n = 497) from two herds balanced for BCS calving period [early (EC); late (LC)] assigned randomly to: Control 251)—supplementation a mineral supplement; SUP 246)—supplementation supplement fed control (150 mg/day) vitamin (40,000 IU/day) (5000 (300 (20...

Our objective was to determine the effects of feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], or vitamin (cholecalciferol) on plasma, mineral, and metabolite concentrations, mineral balance, excretion, rumination, energy milk production dairy cows. We hypothesized that supplementing 3 mg/d 25(OH)D3 during prepartum period would be more effective than at National Research Council (2001) levels minimize calcium imbalance transition improve Forty multiparous, pregnant nonlactating-Holstein cows were...

This study evaluated the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) on composition and hygienic quality dairy herd bulk tank milk – specifically, SCC herds (fat, protein, total solids, nonfat dry solids) bacterial (TBC), psychrotrophic (PC) coliform (CC) were evaluated. A 230 located south Minas Gerais west São Paulo selected based geometric mean obtained from five monthly analyses preceding start sampling. The farms classified according to in three groups: low (< 250,000 cells/mL, n = 84),...

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect exogenous amylase on gas production, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and digestion kinetics sorghum (Sorghum vulgaris) two corn hybrids different grain textures. Ruminal fluid collected from rumen-fistulated cows receiving or not (0.7g kg-1 (DM basis)), provided achieve 396 kilo Novo units for activity basis). Gas production measured after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 30, 36, 42 e 48 hours incubation. Amylase increased...

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between bulk tank somatic cell count (SCC) and dairy farmers’ knowledge about milk quality, mastitis control, their socioeconomic characteristics. Additionally, we estimated SCC hygienic quality in herds. Bulk samples from 120 herds enrolled payment program were collected for determination SCC, total bacterial (TBC), preliminary incubation (PIC), laboratory pasteurization (PC), coliform (CC). Based on results, 63 selected...

The aim of this study was to estimate the concentration milk true protein (TP) by mid-infrared absorbance method (MIR) in samples from bulk tank dairy herds, and determine correlation between results TP determined Kjeldahl MIR. Forty nine herds were selected (17 Holstein, 6 Jersey 26 Girolando) for monthly collections tanks during period one year (284 samples). Fat, lactose, crude total solids firstly MIR, then analyzed method. regression equation contents based on MIR determination as...

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the combination essential oils and exogenous enzymes on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation in finishing Nellore cattle. Five steers (427 ± 52 kg BW) were fed isonitrogenous isocaloric diets containing 82.5% corn, 8.5% sugarcane bagasse, 5% soybean meal, 3% mineral vitamin supplement, 1% urea. treatments MON (sodium monensin; Tortuga; 26 mg/kg DM), CRINA (essential oils; Crina Ruminants; DSM; 90 CRINA+MON (90 DM, respectively), CRINA+RUM...

The objectives of the experiment were to determine effects supplementing 2 amounts 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcidiol; CAL) compared with equal vitamin (cholecalciferol; CHOL) on serum concentrations, absorptions, and retentions Ca, Mg, P in periparturient dairy cows. One hundred seventy-seven (133 parous 44 nulliparous) pregnant Holstein cows enrolled experiment. Cows blocked by parity previous lactation milk yield (parous) or genetic merit for energy-corrected (nulliparous) assigned randomly...