Cerebral ischemia activates an endogenous repair program that induces plastic changes in neurons. In this study, we investigated the effects of environmental enrichment on spatial learning and memory as well synaptic remodeling a mouse model chronic cerebral ischemia, produced by subjecting adult male C57BL/6 mice to permanent left middle artery occlusion. Three days postoperatively, were randomly assigned standard housing groups. Mice group housed fed diet. cage with various toys Then, 28...

Introduction: Renal fibrosis is an endpoint event of various progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKD), but there are no effective antifibrotic treatments. Yiqi Qingre Gao (YQQRG) has shown potential in alleviating CKD, although its exact mechanism action remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the impact YQQRG on renal and explore molecular pathways involved. Methods: The employed a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, followed by 2-week course treatment. function was...

Many studies have shown that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FDNC5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) play vital roles in plasticity after brain injury. An enriched environment refers to an provides animals with multi-sensory stimulation movement opportunities. has been promote the regeneration of nerve cells, synapses, blood vessels animal cerebral ischemia; however, exact mechanisms not clarified. This study aimed determine whether could improve neurobehavioral...

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on speech function patients with non-fluent aphasia after stroke. Methods According to inclusion exclusion criteria, 60 post-stroke were included randomly divided into treatment group (rTMS group) sham (S-rTMS group). Patients in rTMS given + ST training. S-rTMS Once a day, 5 days week, for total 4 weeks. The Western Aphasia Battery short-form Token test used evaluate...

Studies have demonstrated that the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) extensively affects brain function. Although cognitive dysfunction is considered a common manifestation in COVID-19 patients during recovery period, potential changes decision-making ability, are not yet clear. Decision-making functions essential to work of healthcare workers. However, there lack multidimensional assessment its functioning cases. Here, we used tests combined with...

Abstract Human brain demonstrates amazing readiness for speech and language learning at birth, but the auditory development preceding such remains unknown. Cochlear implanted (CI) children ( n = 67; mean age 2.77 year ± 1.31 SD; 28 females) with prelingual deafness provide a unique opportunity to study this stage. Using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy, it was revealed that of CI irresponsive sounds hearing onset. With increasing experiences up 32 months, demonstrated function, region...

To observe the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on patients with nonfluent aphasia after stroke.Thirty were divided into control, rTMS, and 2 times a day rTMS (2rTMS) groups, all 3 groups had intensive speech therapy (ST). Patients assessed by western battery (WAB) scale. The spontaneous language, listening comprehension, retelling, naming scored, respectively. expression brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in peripheral blood was detected...

Abstract Unilateral aural stimulation has been shown to cause massive cortical reorganization in brain with congenital deafness, particularly during the sensitive period of development. However, it is unclear which side provides most advantages for auditory The left hemisphere dominance speech and linguistic processing normal hearing adult led assumption functional developmental right over implantation, but existing evidence controversial. To test this provide clinical choice, we examined 34...

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) has been shown to modulate decision-making; however, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. To further explore processes of decision-making modulated by HD-tDCS, health participants underwent ten anodal (n = 16)/sham 17) HD-tDCS sessions targeting left DLPFC. Iowa gambling task was performed simultaneously with electroencephalography (EEG) before and after HD-tDCS. performance, P300 amplitude,...

Objective The effects and possible mechanisms of cerebellar high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on swallowing-related neural networks were studied using resting-state functional resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Method A total 23 healthy volunteers recruited, 19 finally included for the statistical analysis. Before stimulation, hemisphere dominant swallowing was determined by single-pulse TMS. representation suprahyoid muscles this selected as target with 10 Hz...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is highly transmissible and pathogenic. Patients with mild cases account for the majority of those infected disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although there evidence that many patients COVID-19 have varying degrees attentional impairment, little known about how SARS-COV-2 affects function. This study included a high-risk healthcare population divided into groups workers (HCWs) (patient group, n = 45) matched healthy HCWs controls (HC 42),...

Accumulating evidences revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been participated in cancer malignant progression, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite much studies found the precise biological role regulatory mechanisms of GBM, however molecular mechanisms, particularly upstream still need further elucidated. RT-QPCR, cell transfection, western blotting and bioinformatic analysis were executed to detect expression EGR1, HNF1A-AS1, miR-22-3p ENO1 GBM. Cell proliferation...

Gliomas are the most common and lethal malignant tumor in central nervous system. The oncogene sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) was previously found to be upregulated glioma tissues enhance cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through AKT/β-catenin pathway. Nevertheless, ubiquitination of SphK2 protein has yet well elucidated. In this study, mass spectrometry analysis performed identify proteins that interacted with protein. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) immunoblotting (IB) were used prove...

Allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGlu₁) represents a viable therapeutic target for treating numerous central nervous system disorders. Although multiple chemically distinct mGlu₁ positive (PAMs) and negative (NAMs) allosteric modulators have been identified, drug discovery paradigms not included rigorous pharmacological analysis. In the present study, we hypothesized that existing possess unappreciated probe-dependent or biased...

Cognitive dysfunction resulting from the reduction of cerebral blood flow has been defined as “vascular cognitive impairment” (VCI) which become second cause dementia only after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and arouses great concerns. There is accumulating evidence that environmental enrichment (EE) can induce functional anatomical alterations then bring about overt improvement in memory learning tasks many injury paradigms, including ischemic brain injury. Moreover, necrostatin-1 (Nec-1),...

Poststroke cognitive impairment severely affects the long‐term recovery of patients. However, it remains unknown whether an enriched environment can remodel contralateral hippocampal function and promote after cerebral ischemic injury. To further explore, 36 C57BL/6 mice that underwent permanent middle artery occlusion (pMCAO) were randomly assigned to three groups: (EE), standard condition (SC), sham surgery (Sham). After 21 days intervention, Morris water maze step‐through test was...

Abstract Introduction The neural mechanism underlying decision‐making, which is an important component of executive function, complex and not fully understood. Few studies have directly investigated the two types decision‐making functions – under ambiguity risk in patients with brain tumors different regions. Methods Participants were classified into ventral prefrontal cortex tumor group (VPFC, n = 27), dorsolateral (DLPFC, 29), matched healthy controls (HCs, 32). All participants given a...

SUMMARY Human brain demonstrates amazing readiness for speech and language learning at birth, but the auditory development preceding such remains unknown. Cochlear implanted (CI) children with prelingual deafness provide a unique opportunity to study this developmental stage. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, we revealed that of CI was nearly irresponsive sounds hearing onset. With increasing experiences up 32 months, demonstrated function, region hemisphere specific development....

Abstract Although awareness regarding patients with mild traumatic brain injury has increased, they have not received sufficient attention in clinics; hence, many still experience only partial recovery. Deficits decision‐making function are frequently experienced by these patients. Accurate identification of impairment the early stages after is particularly crucial for timely intervention and prevention long‐term cognitive consequences. Therefore, we investigated changes ability under tasks...

The neural processing of vocal emotion is a fundamental process the earliest cognitive development human beings. In spite fact that behavioral representations recognition CI users have been well studied, research on early and various emotional prosody far from complete. present study, we used functional near-infrared spectroscope (fNIRS) to study mode prosody. results confirmed right anterior temporal cortex was essential in children. But there less involvement MTG children scored higher...