A5049207272- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Sports Science and Education
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Biliary and Gastrointestinal Fistulas
University of Padua
2012-2024
The University of Western Australia
2012-2021
University of Verona
2019
Google (United States)
2011-2018
Ospedale generale di zona San Camillo Treviso
1983
Abstract Exposure to extreme temperatures can negatively affect animal reproduction, by disrupting the ability of individuals produce any offspring (fertility), or number produced fertile (fecundity). This has important ecological consequences, because reproduction is ultimate measure population fitness: a reduction in reproductive output lowers growth rate and increases extinction risk. Despite this importance, there have been no large‐scale summaries evidence for effect temperature on...
As inbreeding is costly, it has been suggested that polyandry may evolve as a means to reduce the negative fitness consequences of mating with genetically related males. While several studies provide support for this hypothesis, evidence pure post-copulatory mechanisms capable biasing paternity towards unrelated males still lacking; yet these are necessary avoidance models evolution. Here we showed, by artificially inseminating group female guppies an equal number sperm from (full-sib) and...
Sperm competition is expected to favour the evolution of traits that influence performance sperm when they compete fertilize a female's eggs. While there considerable evidence selection favours increases in numbers, much less known about how quality contributes towards competitive fertilization success. Here, we determine whether variation influences success green swordtail Xiphophorus helleri, highly promiscuous livebearing fish. We use artificial insemination as method controlled delivery...
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are frequently detected in the environment linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes humans. Although legacy PFAS have been phased out due their toxicity, alternative increasingly used despite fact that information on toxic effects traits is particularly scarce. Here, we exposed male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) for a short period (21 days) an environmentally realistic concentration (1 ppb) of PFOA, PFAS, its replacement compound, GenX, assess...
Deleterious mutations can accumulate in the germline with age, decreasing genetic quality of sperm and imposing a cost on female fitness. If these also affect competition ability or production, then females will benefit from polyandry as it incites and, consequently, minimizes mutational load offspring. We tested this hypothesis guppy (Poecilia reticulata), species characterized by intense competition, investigating whether age affects post-copulatory male traits success. Females did not...
Recent theory predicts that in species where females tend to mate with the relatively most ornamented males, males may increase their attractiveness females, and hence mating success, by preferentially associating are surrounded less competitors. Despite this prediction, we still lack explicit experimental evidence strategically prefer attractive competitors maximize relative attractiveness. In paper, provide a comprehensive test of hypothesis guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ), female's...
Abstract Background Total pancreatectomy is required to treat diseases involving the entire pancreas, and characterized by high morbidity rates impaired long-term quality of life (QoL). To date, risk factors associated with perioperative outcomes have not been determined fully. Methods Data from patients undergoing total between 2000 2014 at two high-volume centres were analysed retrospectively assess for major surgical complications. Short Form (SF) 36, European Organisation Research...
Abstract Critical thermal limits (CTLs) gauge the physiological impact of temperature on survival or critical biological function, aiding predictions species range shifts and climatic resilience. Two recent Drosophila studies, using similar approaches to determine temperatures that induce sterility (thermal fertility [TFLs]), reveal TFLs are often lower than CTLs better predict both current distributions extinction probability. Moreover, many studies show is more sensitive at less extreme...
The role of sexual selection in fuelling genital evolution is becoming increasingly apparent from comparative studies revealing interspecific divergence male genitalia and evolutionary associations between female traits. Despite this, we know little about intraspecific variance morphology, or how reproductive traits covary among divergent populations. Here address both topics using natural populations the guppy, Poecilia reticulata , a livebearing fish that exhibits patterns behaviour...
Recent studies suggest that environmentally induced effects on sperm phenotype can influence offspring beyond the classic Mendelian inheritance mechanism. However, establishing whether such are conveyed purely through ejaculates, independently of maternal environmental effects, remains a significant challenge. Here, we assess affects male reproductive success and fitness. We experimentally manipulated duration storage by males, thus age, in internally fertilizing fish Poecilia reticulata....
Abstract Heatwaves are occurring at an increasing frequency and intensity under ongoing climate change. As many reproductive traits—including mating behaviour gamete traits—are sensitive even to small temperature changes, the impact of heatwaves on reproduction sexual selection processes is likely be vast. Also, evaluating whether sexes respond differently these extreme events crucial understand fecundity consequences population level. Nonetheless, our knowledge effects key aspects animal...
Abstract In polyandrous species, a male's reproductive success depends on his fertilization capability and traits enhancing competitive will be under strong, directional selection. This leads to the prediction that these should show stronger condition dependence larger genetic variance than other subject weaker or stabilizing While empirical evidence of in postcopulatory is increasing, comparison between sexually selected ‘control’ often based untested assumption concerning different...
Disentangling the relative roles of males, females and their interactive effects on competitive fertilization success remains a challenge in sperm competition. In this study, we apply novel experimental framework to an ideally suited externally fertilizing model system order delineate these roles. We focus chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, species which ovarian fluid (OF) has been implicated as potential arbiter cryptic female choice for genetically compatible mates. evaluated...
Traits associated with mating and fertilization success are expected to senesce age, but limited information is available on their relative rates of senescence. In polyandrous species, male reproductive fitness depends both success. Because successful a prerequisite for post-copulatory sexual selection, ejaculate traits faster than pre-copulatory traits, as selection often deemed be stronger selection. This pattern has generally been found in the few empirical studies conducted so far. We...
Abstract In polyandrous mating systems, females maintain the opportunity to bias male fertilization success after in a process known as cryptic female choice. Mechanisms of choice have been described both internal and external fertilizers, may affect processes at different stages before, during, fertilization. substantial control over sperm storage fertilization, whereas is limited. A key factor proposed mediate fluid surrounding eggs, ovarian fluid, it directly performance. Here, we studied...
As sperm production is costly, males are expected to strategically allocate resources according mating opportunities. While number adjustments have been reported in several taxa, only a few studies investigated whether quality shows adaptive plasticity as well. We tested this prediction the guppy, Poecilia reticulata . A total of 46 were initially stripped all retrievable before being randomly allocated one two treatments simulating different levels opportunities (visual contact with females...
Sexual harassment is a common outcome of sexual conflict over mating rate. A large number studies have identified several direct costs to females including energy expenditure and reduced foraging ability. However, the fitness consequences for descendants rarely been investigated. Here, we manipulated level rate in two groups female guppies, Poecilia reticulata, live-bearing fish which particularly pronounced. Each was allowed interact with three males one day (low harassment, LSH) or eight...
The role that genotype-by-environment interactions (GEIs) play in sexual selection has only recently attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists. Yet GEIs can have profound implications by compromising honesty signals, maintaining high levels genetic variance underlying their expression and altering patterns covariance among fitness traits. In this study, we test for a highly sexually dimorphic freshwater fish, guppy Poecilia reticulata. We conducted an experimental quantitative study...
Females that mate multiply have the possibility to exert postcopulatory choice and select more compatible sperm fertilize eggs. Prior work suggests dissimilarity in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an important role determining genetic compatibility between partners. Favouring a partner with dissimilar MHC alleles would result offspring high diversity therefore enhanced survival thanks increased resistance pathogens parasites. The variability of genes may further allow...
Until recently, paternal effects—the influence of fathers on their offspring due to environmental factors rather than genes—were largely discarded or assumed be confined species exhibiting care. It is now recognized that effects can transmitted through the ejaculate, but unambiguous evidence for them scarce, because it difficult isolate operating via changes ejaculate from maternal driven by female mate assessment. Here, we use artificial insemination disentangle assessment fertilization in...