Aging is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases due to increased vulnerability external stress and susceptibility disease. associated with metabolic liver disease such as nonalcoholic fatty liver. In this study, we investigated changes in lipid metabolism during aging mice the mechanisms involved. Lipid accumulation was tissues of aged mice, particularly cholesterol. Increased uptake both cholesterol glucose observed hepatocytes compared younger mice. The mRNA expression GLUT2, GK,...

Muscle atrophy is characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function. Excessive glucocorticoids the body due to aging or drug treatment can promote wasting. In this study, we investigated preventive effect of Nelumbo nucifera leaf (NNL) ethanolic extract on induced dexamethasone (DEX), synthetic glucocorticoid, mice its underlying mechanisms. The administration NNL increased weight, cross-sectional area, grip strength quadriceps (QD) gastrocnemius (GA) muscles DEX-induced mice. decreased...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major long-term complications diabetes. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling has been implicated in renal fibrosis. In our previous study, we found that LPA receptor 1/3 (LPAR1/3) antagonist, ki16425, protected against DN diabetic db/db mice. Here, investigated effects a specific pharmacological inhibitor 1 (LPA1), AM095, on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice to exclude possible contribution LPAR3 inhibition. AM095 treatment significantly reduced...

Phloroglucinol is a phenolic compound that one of the major compounds in Ecklonia cava (brown alga). It has many pharmacological activities, but its anti-diabetic effect not yet fully explored. In this study, we investigated phloroglucinol on control blood glucose levels and regulation hepatic production. significantly improved tolerance male C57BL/6J mice fed high fat diet (HFD) inhibited production mouse primary hepatocytes. The expression phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)...

Ecklonia cava (E. cava; CA) is an edible brown alga with beneficial effects in diabetes via regulation of various metabolic processes such as lipogenesis, lipolysis, inflammation, and the antioxidant defense system liver adipose tissue. We investigated effect polyphenol-rich fraction E. produced from Gijang (G-CA) on nonalcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD) high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. C57BL6 mice were fed a HFD for six weeks then group was administered 300 mg/kg G-CA extracts by oral intubation...

Abstract Biofilm formation is one of the leading causes complications after surgery in clinical settings. In this study, we profiled biofilm-forming ability various periprosthetic infection-associated pathogens on medically relevant surfaces, polystyrene (PS) and titanium (Ti). We also explored how a specific environmental stressor, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), affected biofilm formation. First, Congo red tests revealed that all microorganisms formed biofilms within 72 h. Then, amounts...

Muscle wasting is caused by various factors, such as aging, cancer, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, significantly decreases the quality of life. However, therapeutic interventions for muscle atrophy have not yet been well-developed. In this study, we investigated effects schisandrin A (SNA), a component extracted from fruits Schisandra chinensis, on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced in mice studied underlying mechanisms. DEX+SNA-treated had increased grip strength, weight, fiber size...

Disuse muscle atrophy is characterized by a decrease in mass and strength an increase glycolytic fiber type. Although Schisandra chinensis extract has beneficial effects on induced various conditions (e.g., dexamethasone aging), the effect of gomisin G, lignan component S. chinensis, disuse unclear. Here, we through wire immobilization hind legs mice followed oral administration G. The cross-sectional area atrophic were increased G; however, total did not increase. Gomisin G decreased...

We show that TR4 facilitates lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via induction of the FATP1 gene. Further study showed transactivated 5′ promoter activity direct binding to responsive element located at region. Constitutive overexpression resulted increased accumulation, accompanied by an increase fatty acid uptake. However, small interfering RNA knockdown abolished TR4-enhanced Moreover, microRNA-mediated silencing drastically reduced basal and expression with accumulation.

Pathological conditions such as joint immobilization, long-time bed rest, or inactivity may result in disuse-induced muscle wasting and dysfunction. To investigate the effect of dulaglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, on disuse atrophy, condition was induced by spiral wire immobilization C57BL/6 mice were treated with dulaglutide. Dulaglutide treatment effectively improved function increased mass compared vehicle treatment. inhibited decrease fiber size...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Many patients with type experience skeletal muscle wasting. Although link between and wasting not clearly known, insulin insufficiency hyperglycemia may contribute to decreased mass. In this study, we investigated therapeutic effect ethanolic extract Schisandrae chinensis Fructus (SFe) on in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. STZ-diabetic C57BL/6 mice (blood glucose level ≥300...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder that causes excess lipid accumulation in the and leading cause of end-stage disease. Liriope platyphylla medicinal herb has long been used to treat cough, obesity, diabetes. However, effect on NAFLD not studied. The aim this study was investigate root ethanolic extract (LPE) hepatic high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Six-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed HFD for 8 weeks then treated with LPE (100 or 250...

Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs) have been reported to antagonize adipocyte differentiation, and inhibition of ROCKs by small molecules promotes adipogenesis. Surprisingly, our recent study revealed that the ROCK2-specific inhibitor KD025 (SLx-2119), suppresses differentiation at intermediate stage in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. To address whether anti-adipogenic activity is a generalizable property, we examined effect human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). significantly suppressed hADSCs with...

Schisandrae chinensis Fructus has a long history of medicinal use as tonic, sedative, and an antitussive drug. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects ethanol extract (SFe) on metabolism in aged mouse model. Sixteen-month-old C57BL/6J mice were fed with diet supplemented SFe for 4 months. Insulin sensitivity was lower at 20 months age than 16 age; however, decrease insulin less SFe-fed mice. supplementation also appeared to improve glucose tolerance. Body weight gain control...

TR4, an orphan nuclear receptor plays a key role in glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of genes involved energy metabolism. We previously reported that overexpression TR4 3T3-L1 adipocytes promotes accumulation part facilitating fatty acid uptake synthesis, indicating tightly regulates homeostasis during adipogenesis. Here, we report β-catenin suppresses transcriptional activity this inhibition is achieved through induction Slug gene, well-known transcription repressor...

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), a key player in cholesterol metabolism, has been shown to promote the of triglycerides from very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and (LDL) high (HDL) exchange for ester. Here we demonstrate that farnesoid X receptor α (FXRα; NR1H4) down-regulates CETP expression HepG2 cells. A FXRα ligand, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), suppressed basal mRNA levels gene cells dose-dependent manner. Using gel shift chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, found...

We show that testicular orphan nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) increases the expression of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) gene in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes by direct binding to a TR4 responsive element murine PC promoter. While overexpression increased activity, oxaloacetate (OAA) and glycerol levels with enhanced incorporation 14 C from C‐pyruvate into fatty acids adipocytes, knockdown short interfering RNA (siRNA) or inhibition activity phenylacetic acid (PAA) abolished TR4‐enhanced synthesis. Moreover,...

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Insulin, a hormone secreted from pancreatic β-cells, decreases blood glucose levels, and glucagon, α-cells, increases levels counterregulation of insulin through stimulation hepatic production. In diabetic patients, dysregulation glucagon secretion contributes to Thus, inhibition the receptor one strategy for treatment hyperglycemia in type diabetes. this paper, we report series biphenylsulfonamide derivatives that were designed,...

Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a common complication of radiotherapy in cancer. However, to date no effective treatment has been developed for this condition. NXC736 novel small-molecule compound that inhibits NLRP3, but its effect on RILF unknown. NLRP3 activation an important trigger the development RILF. Thus, we aimed evaluate therapeutic inhibition using animal model and elucidate molecular signaling pathway. The left lungs mice were irradiated with single dose 75 Gy. We...

Abstract Insect hormones and their synthetic analogs have been suggested to modulate gene expression in mammals. Thus, we investigated determine the role of pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone ( JH ) analog, transcriptional activity TR4 , which functions as key modulator energy homeostasis. Here, demonstrate that 100 μM pyriproxyfen enhances with increase target genes such FATP1 PEPCK 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, treatment resulted lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation cells....