Platycladus orientalis is a tree species that highly resistant, widely adaptable, and long-lived, with lifespans of even thousands years. To explore the mechanisms underlying these characteristics, gene expressions have been investigated at transcriptome level by RNA-seq combined digital expression (DGE) technique. So, it crucial to reliable set reference genes normalize in P. under various conditions using most accurate sensitive method quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In this study,...

Gnetum is a small, unique group of Gnetophyta with controversial phylogenetic position. G. parvifolium an important Chinese traditional medicinal plant, which rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and stilbenoids. These provide significant effects, mostly antioxidant, anticancer antibacterial agents. However, the mechanisms involved biosynthesis regulation these are still unknown. In this study, we found that flavonoid stilbene accumulated at different levels various tissues...

The Na+/H+ antiporters (NHXs) are secondary ion transporters to exchange H+ and transfer the Na+ or K+ across membrane, they play crucial roles during plant development stress responses. To gain insight into functional divergence of NHX genes in poplar, eight PtNHX were identified from Populus trichocarpa genome. PtNHXs containing 10 transmembrane helices (TMH) a hydrophilic C-terminal domain, TMH compose hollow cylinder provide channel for transport. expression patterns cis-acting elements...

Quercus bawanglingensis Huang, Li et Xing, an endemic evergreen oak of the genus (Fagaceae) in China, is currently listed Red List Chinese Plants as a vulnerable (VU) plant. No chloroplast (cp) genome information available for Q. bawanglingensis, which would be essential establishment guidelines its conservation and breeding. In present study, cp was sequenced assembled into double-stranded circular DNA with length 161,394 bp. Two inverted repeats (IRs) total 51,730 bp were identified, rest...

The frequent occurrence of extreme weather conditions in the world has brought many unfavorable factors to plant growth, causing growth and development plants be hindered even leading death, with abiotic stress hindering metabolism due severe uncontrollability. WHY1 transcription factor plays a critical role regulating gene expression plants, influencing chlorophyll biosynthesis, development, as well responses environmental stresses. important PoWHY1 adaptation become hot research topic....

Thuja sutchuenensis Franch. is a critically endangered plant endemic to the North-East Chongqing, China. Genetic variation was studied assess distribution of genetic diversity within and among seven populations from single remnant locations, using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total 15 primers generated 310 well defined bands, with an average 20.7 bands per primer. The revealed relatively high level in species. percentage polymorphic Nei's gene Shannon's information index at...

Abstract A field survey of native herbaceous plants and associated soil in an antimony mining area Xikuangshan, Hunan Province, China was conducted to identify species that accumulate heavy metals their tissues. The results indicate the soils were contaminated mainly by As Sb, at concentrations 423.77–526.57 228.37–445.20 mg/kg, respectively. Of plants, Miscanthus sinensis Imperata cylindrica exhibited Hg Cd phytoextraction, with bioconcentration factors (BCFs) translocation (TFs) greater...

Populus tomentosa (Chinese white poplar) is well adapted to various extreme environments, and considered an important species study the effects of salinity stress on poplar trees. To decipher mechanism poplar's rapid response short-term stress, we firstly detected changes in H2O2 hormone, then profiled gene expression pattern 10-week-old seedling roots treated with 200 mM NaCl for 0, 6, 12, 24 h (h) by RNA-seq Illumina-Solexa platform. Physiological determination showed that significant...

Abstract The taxonomic classification of Picea meyeri and P. mongolica has long been controversial. To investigate the genetic relatedness, evolutionary history, population history dynamics these species, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology was utilized to acquire whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, which were subsequently used assess structure, dynamics, adaptive differentiation. Phylogenetic structural analyses at genomic level indicated that although ancestor...

Gnetum parvifolium stems and roots have been used for a long time in traditional Chinese medicines. Stilbenes are bioactive compounds present G. plants, they possess antioxidative anticancer properties. However, little is known about the responses of stilbene biosynthetic pathways to stress conditions. Therefore, we investigated biosynthesis, including expression relevant genes, exposed high-temperature ultraviolet-C treatments. High temperatures did not influence accumulation total...

Platycladus orientalis has a lifespan of several thousand years in China, making it good plant which to study aging at the molecular level, but this requires sufficient quantities high-quality P. RNA. However, no appropriate methods have been reported for total RNA isolation from leaves. The TRIzol method did not extract RNA, while cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate-phenol, and RNAout kit (Tianz, Inc., China) protocols resulted low yields poor quality Isolating using...

Platycladus orientalis , a common horticultural tree species, has an extremely long life span and forms graceful canopy. Its branches, leaves, cones have been used in traditional Chinese medicine. However, difficulty rooting is the main limiting factor for conservation of germplasm resources. This study shows that rates root numbers cuttings were significantly reduced ancient P. donors compared to 5-year-old donors. The contents differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) phenylpropanoid...

To evaluate the effects of donor ages on growth and stress resistance 6-year-old seedlings propagated from 5-, 2000-, 3000-year-old Platycladus orientalis donors with grafting, cutting, seed sowing, indicators physiological transcriptomic analyses were performed in winter. Results showed that basal stem diameters plant heights three propagation methods decreased age donors, sown thickest tallest. The contents soluble sugar, chlorophyll, free fatty acid apical leaves negatively correlated...

Background Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), as a key enzyme in the γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt, catalyzes decarboxylation of L-glutamate to form GABA. This pathway has attracted much interest because its roles carbon and nitrogen metabolism, stress responses, signaling higher plants. The aim this study was isolate characterize genes encoding GADs from Caragana intermedia , an important nitrogen-fixing leguminous shrub. Methods Two full-length cDNAs (designated CiGAD1 CiGAD2 ) were...

Heavy metal pollution is a global environmental problem, and Quercus variabilis has stronger tolerance to Cd stress than do other species. We aimed explore the physiological response molecular mechanisms of Q. stress. In this study, antioxidant enzyme activities leaves were determined, while photosynthetic parameters measured using Handy PEA, ion fluxes DEGs in roots investigated noninvasive microtest technology (NMT) RNA sequencing techniques, respectively. at different concentrations for...

To study the interspecific differentiation characteristics of species originating from recent radiation, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique was used to explore kinship, population structure, gene flow, genetic variability, genotype-environment association and selective sweeps

Platycladus orientalis (i.e., Chinese thuja) is famous for its lifespan spanning hundreds, and even thousands, of years. Most ancient P. populations are widely distributed in China, with accessible historical records, making them valuable genetic resources. In this study, the distribution pattern China was analyzed based on 13 bioclimatic factors. Additionally, a specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing method applied to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genomes 100...

Picea koraiensis is major silvicultural and timber species in northeast China, its distribution area an important transition zone for genus spruce migration. The degree of intraspecific differentiation P. high, but population structure mechanisms are not clear. In this study, 523,761 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified 113 individuals from 9 populations by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Population genomic analysis showed that was divided into three geoclimatic regions:...

Gnetum parvifolium is a rich source of materials for traditional medicines, food, and oil, but little known about the mechanism underlying its seed dormancy germination. In this study, we analyzed proteome-level changes in seeds during germination using isobaric tags relative absolute quantitation. total, 1,040 differentially expressed proteins were identified, cluster analysis revealed distinct time points which signal transduction oxidation-reduction activity changed. Gene Ontology showed...