Cytokinins and gibberellins (GAs) play antagonistic roles in regulating reproductive meristem activity. have positive effects on activity maintenance. During inflorescence development, cytokinin biosynthesis is activated via a KNOX-mediated pathway. Increased leads to higher grain number, whereas GAs negatively affect The GA genes GA20oxs are regulated by KNOX proteins. proteins function as modulators, balancing the meristem. However, little known about crosstalk among regulators together...

Effect of genetic background on detection quantitative trait locus (QTL) governing salinity tolerance (ST) was studied using two sets reciprocal introgression lines (ILs) derived from a cross between moderately tolerant japonica variety, Xiushui09 China, and drought but susceptible indica breeding line, IR2061-520-6-9 the Philippines. Salt toxicity symptoms (SST) leaves, days to seedling survival (DSS), sodium potassium uptake by shoots were measured under stress 140 mmol/L NaCl. A total 47...

To achieve superior rice-grain quality, more emphasis has been placed on the genetic diversity of breeding programs, although this improvement could be seriously restricted in absence comparable agricultural management practices. Nitrogen (N) application and planting density are two important agronomic practices influencing rice growth, yield, grain quality. This study investigated four main aspects namely, milling (brown-rice, milled-rice, head-rice percentage), appearance (length/width...

The source-sink relationship determines the ultimate grain yield. We investigated genetic basis of between source and sink yield potential in rice. In two environments, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with capacity (total spikelet number per panicle thousand-grain weight), leaf (flag length, flag width area), to area ratio) yield-related traits (filled panicle, plant, biomass harvest index) by genome-wide association analysis using 272 Xian (indica) accessions. panel...

Abstract Background The grain number per panicle (GNP), which is one of three yield components, an important trait for the genetic improvement rice. Although NAL1 and GNP1 genes regulating rice GNP have been cloned, their allelic diversity, functional differences in germplasms, effects combination on remain unclear. Results Based DNA sequences these two 198 cultivated ( Oryza sativa ) 8–10 wild rufipogon 16 14 haplotypes were identified , respectively. gene had strongest indica xian japonica...

Rice yield potential is largely determined by the balance among source capacity, sink strength, and flow fluency. Our previous study indicated that gene GNP1 encoding gibberellin biosynthesis GA20ox1 affects grain number per panicle (GNP) in rice, thus resulting increase of yield. To clarify effect on sink, regulating rice yield, we compared Lemont, a japonica (geng) cultivar, with its near-isogenic line (NIL-GNP1TQ) Lemont background introgression allele at from Teqing, high-yielding indica...

Source leaf/sink capacity (SS) traits are important determinants of grain yield (GY) rice. To understand the genetic basis SS relationship in rice, five and GY rice were genetically dissected using two reciprocal introgression populations. Seventy-three QTL affecting identified, most which detected one parental backgrounds (GBs). Two major at bins 4.7 (SS1) 3.12 (SS2) associated consistently with all measured both GBs across contrasting environments. Strong interactions between SS1/SS2 led...

ABSTRACT Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting rice ( Oryza sativa L.) production. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for drought tolerance (DT) at reproductive stage were identified with two sets advanced backcross introgression lines (ILs) using a common donor Tarom Molaei introgressed separately into recipients used as female parents, Teqing and IR64. A total 24 22 QTL in IR64 backgrounds, respectively, during under irrigated conditions thousand‐grain weight, panicle number per...

ABSTRACT Salinity and drought are two of the major abiotic stresses that affect rice ( Oryza sativa L.) production especially in Asia. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for salt tolerance (ST) at seedling stage (DT) reproductive were identified using 77 BC 2 F 8 advanced backcross introgression lines (ILs) derived from a cross Teqing × Binam background. Ten ST QTL governing days to seedlings survival (DSS), score on toxicity symptoms leaves (SST), shoot K + concentration (SKC), Na (SNC) stage,...

Stomatal density (D) and size (S) are an important adaptive mechanism for abiotic stress tolerance photosynthesis capacity in rice. However, the genetic base of rice stomata-related traits still remains unclear. We identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with D S on abaxial adaxial leaf surfaces using genome-wide association analysis 451 diverse accessions two environments. showed significant differences between indica (xian) japonica (geng) significantly negative phenotypic...

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for drought tolerance (DT) at reproductive stage were identified with two sets reciprocal introgression lines derived from Lemont × Teqing. In total, 29 and 23 QTLs in Teqing backgrounds, respectively, during under irrigated conditions spikelet number per panicle, seed fertility, filled grain weight plant height, yield plant. Most these showed obvious differential...

Salicylic acid (SA) is a signal molecule that mediates many biotic and abiotic stress-induced physiological responses in plants. In the current study protective effects of SA on cold stress-caused oxidative damage photosynthesis inhibition jasmine plants (Jasminum sambac) were examined. Jasmine seedlings pretreated with 100 µM for 3 days then subjected to stress (4 °C) 15 days. The amounts superoxide radicals (O_2^{-}) hydrogen peroxide (H_{2}O_{2}) significantly increased leaves exposed...

The source-sink relationship determines the ultimate grain yield of rice. In this study, we used a set reciprocal introgression lines (ILs) derived from Xuishui09 × IR2061 to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that were associated with sink-, source-, and yield-related traits. A total 95 QTLs influencing eight measured traits identified using 6181 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Nine background-independent consistently detected in seven chromosomal regions different...

Abstract Plant architecture is an accessible approach to achieving high‐yield potential. The DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 1 ( DEP1 ) gene regulating panicle morphology, grain number per panicle, and nitrogen uptake metabolism has been widely used for the breeding of rice in northern Chinese japonica varieties. However, there no consensus on genetic effects dep1 yield quality under different backgrounds growing environments. In present study, we developed two sets near‐isogenic lines (NILs) (AKI‐...

This paper aimed to reveal the response mechanism of active oxygen metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in Alfalfa under drought stress re-watering, pot experiment was used, explore changes H2O2, O2·-, electrolyte leakage conductivity MDA, SOD, POD, CAT activity Golden Empress (tolerant cultivar) Sanditi (non-tolerant re-watering during branching stage. Three water gradients were set up: CK (Maximum field capacity 75%±5%), T1 45%±5%), T2 35%±5%) compare, rehydration also studied....

A rice introgression line, NIL-SS1, and its recurrent parent, Teqing, were used to investigate the influence of segment on plant growth. The current research showed NIL-SS1 had an increased flag leaf width, total area, spikelet number per panicle grain yield, but a decreased photosynthetic rate. metabolite differences in Teqing at different developmental stages assessed using gas chromatography—mass spectrometry technology. Significant observed across stages. nitrogen content, greatest...

Maize is sensitive to salt stress, especially during the germination and seedling stages.We conducted experiments on 60 maize materials under screened out most salt-tolerant salt-sensitive varieties based indicators. Afterwards, transcriptome analysis was performed screen for key regulators in plumule flag leaf at stages, respectively. Following that, transgenic tobacco developed expose roles mechanisms of candidate genes, enabling a deeper investigation their functions.Out inbred lines...

Abstract Grains at different positions on rice panicles differ greatly in weight and quality, but few studies have focused the effect of dep1 that influences panicle morphology grain number quality spikelet under backgrounds. To clarify this, we compared characteristics superior spikelets (SS) inferior (IS), as well sink‐, source‐ flow‐related traits between NIL‐ (AKI‐ LG5‐ ) DEP1 Akitakomachi (AKI) Liaogeng5 (LG5) The SS did not significantly two However, IS varied with background. AKI‐...