Soil salinity is one of the main environmental conditions that affects rice production. Identifying genetic loci affect salt tolerance (ST)-related traits at seedling stage, especially under saline field conditions, crucial for ST breeding by pyramiding genes act different developmental stages.Large phenotypic variations were observed in 708 accessions, and yield its related considerably limited when exposed to stress. In a genome-wide association study (GWAS), 2255 marker-trait signals...

Appearance and milling quality are two crucial properties of rice grains affecting its market acceptability. Understanding the genetic base grain could considerably improve high breeding. Here, we carried out an association analysis to identify QTL nine appearance traits using a diverse panel 258 accessions selected from 3K Rice Genome Project evaluated in environments Sanya Shenzhen. Genome-wide analyses 22,488 SNPs identified 72 traits. Combined gene-based haplotype plus functional...

Abstract Hundreds of plant species have been domesticated to feed human civilization, while some crops undergone de-domestication into agricultural weeds, threatening global food security. To understand the genetic and epigenetic basis crop domestication de-domestication, we generated DNA methylomes from 95 accessions wild rice (Oryza rufipogon L.), cultivated sativa L.) weedy (O. f. spontanea). We detected a significant decrease in methylation over course but observed an unexpected increase...

Aromatic rice has gained significant attention due to its high economic and nutritional value. 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP), a key aroma compound in aromatic rice, plays crucial role elucidating the characteristics of rice. However, there is no report on effect rice–potato rotation characteristics. In order study influences winter-planted potatoes yield, quality, 2-AP biosynthesis grains, commonly cultivated variety Meixiangzhan-2 potato cultivar Huashu-5 were selected as experimental...

Abstract Salt stress is an ever‐present threat to rice production worldwide. Rice salinity tolerance complex, both genetically and physiologically. The success effectiveness in selecting salt‐tolerant variety require the identification of QTL for closely linked molecular markers. In present study, a RIL population consisting 148 lines, derived from cross between IR29 (salt‐sensitive) Pokkali (salt‐tolerant), was used identify new salt investigate relationships caused injury changes different...

The source-sink relationship determines the ultimate grain yield. We investigated genetic basis of between source and sink yield potential in rice. In two environments, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with capacity (total spikelet number per panicle thousand-grain weight), leaf (flag length, flag width area), to area ratio) yield-related traits (filled panicle, plant, biomass harvest index) by genome-wide association analysis using 272 Xian (indica) accessions. panel...

Abstract Background The grain number per panicle (GNP), which is one of three yield components, an important trait for the genetic improvement rice. Although NAL1 and GNP1 genes regulating rice GNP have been cloned, their allelic diversity, functional differences in germplasms, effects combination on remain unclear. Results Based DNA sequences these two 198 cultivated ( Oryza sativa ) 8–10 wild rufipogon 16 14 haplotypes were identified , respectively. gene had strongest indica xian japonica...

Nitrogen fertilizer and planting density are key factors affecting rice yield nitrogen utilization efficiency. There is still a need to optimize management for high yield. We studied the effects of different quantities application (N0 0 kg ha−1, N1 120 N2 180 ha−1) (low-density: 18.8 hills m−2; high-density: 37.5 m−2) on yield, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant system, use ANOVA results indicated that most tested traits were affected by environment, density, N application, their...

Appearance and cooked rice elongation are key quality traits of rice. Although some QTL for these have been identified, understanding the genetic relationship between them remains limited. In present study, large phenotypic variation was observed in 760 accessions from 3K Rice Genomes Project both appearance elongation. Most component showed significant pairwise correlations, but a low correlation found A genome-wide association study identified 74 distributed on all 12 chromosomes grain...

Abstract Background Grain weight and grain shape are important agronomic traits that affect the yield potential quality of rice. Both controlled by multiple genes. The 3,000 Rice Genomes Project (3 K RGP) greatly facilitates discovery agriculturally genetic variants germplasm resources for shape. Results Abundant natural variations distinct phenotic differentiation among subgroups in were observed a large population 2,453 accessions from 3 RGP. A total 21 stable quantitative trait...

Stomatal density (D) and size (S) are an important adaptive mechanism for abiotic stress tolerance photosynthesis capacity in rice. However, the genetic base of rice stomata-related traits still remains unclear. We identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with D S on abaxial adaxial leaf surfaces using genome-wide association analysis 451 diverse accessions two environments. showed significant differences between indica (xian) japonica (geng) significantly negative phenotypic...

Rice black-streaked dwarf disease caused by virus (RBSDV) is one of the most destructive viral diseases rice. Thus, it imperative that resistant rice germplasms are screened for novel RBSDV-resistant genes. RBSDV resistance a diverse global collection comprising 1,953 accessions was evaluated under natural conditions across 3 years. The average incidences Xian/indica (XI) subgroup were significantly lower than those Geng/japonica (GJ) subgroup. Interestingly, XI-1A in Xian more susceptible...

Increasing effective panicle number per plant (EPN) is one approach to increase yield potential in rice. However, molecular mechanisms underlying EPN remain unclear. In this study, we integrated map-based cloning and genome-wide association analysis identify the EPN4 gene, allelic NARROW LEAF1 (NAL1). Overexpression lines containing Teqing allele (TQ) of had significantly increased EPN. NIL-EPN4TQ japonica (geng) cultivar Lemont (LT) exhibited improved but decreased grain flag leaf size...

Development of hybrid rice with high yield and grain quality is a goal breeding. To investigate the genetic mechanism heterosis for milling appearance in indica/xian rice, QTL mapping was conducted using 1061 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from cross xian cultivars Quan9311B (Q9311B) Wu-shan-si-miao (WSSM), backcross F1 (BC1F1) population developed by crossing RILs Quan9311A (Q9311A), combined phenotyping two environments. The (Q9311A × WSSM) showed various degrees quality. A total...

ABSTRACT Soil microbes may adapt to climate warming, potentially reducing the warming‐induced increase in microbial carbon emissions such as dioxide, and thereby helping mitigate change. Yet, soil are subjected various global change stresses (e.g., drought, flooding, land‐use changes), altering their biodiversity, which challenges adaptation Here, we created diversity gradients microcosms at two different temperatures using soils from a 2000‐km field survey. We found that reduced weakens...

Abstract Background The construction of genetic maps based on molecular markers is a crucial step in rice and genomic studies. Pure lines derived from multiple parents provide more abundant variation than those bi-parent populations. Two four-parent pure-line populations (4PL1 4PL2) one eight-parent population (8PL) were developed eight homozygous indica varieties by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). To best our knowledge, there have been no reports linkage map their...

Field effect transistor (FET) has attracted high attention in biomolecules detection. However, the sensitivity of FET-based biosensors is often limited by charge screening effect. In addition, facile and ultra-sensitive detection for small biomolecules, which possess weak or electroneutral, remains to be studied. Here, self-assembled monolayer AuNPs/three-dimensional (3D) crumpled graphene FET structured a biosensor shrinking flexible polystyrene (PS) films through heat treatment method...

Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients for rice growth and development. Breeding nitrogen deficiency tolerance (NDT) variety considered to be economic measure solve constrain low stress on grain yield in rice. An interconnected breeding (IB) population 497 lines developed using Huanghuazhan (HHZ) as recurrent parent eight elite donor parents were tested five traits including yield, biomass, harvest index, thousand weight, spikelet fertility under two treatments three growing...

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of sowing date and nitrogen application rate on grain yield, use efficiency (NUE), 2-acetyl-△1-pyrroline (2-AP) contents biochemical parameters related 2-AP formation in fragrant rice. Methods: A factorial split-plot arrangement treatments was set up a split-zone experiment with two factors three levels carried out for 3 years. The main plots included dates: April 1st May 1st. Subplots contained different i.e., 0 kg N ha−1 (N0), 120 (N1) 180...

With the endless growth of population and development economy living standards, a high yield with good grain quality has become prime objective breeding. However, lodging is major factor leading to significant decline in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production quality. We conducted genome-wide association analysis detect quantitative trait loci (QTL)-related resistance, using 395 temperate geng accessions. A total 50 QTL affecting six traits were detected, 1,438,279 high-quality single nucleotide...

Many QTL have been identified for grain appearance quality by linkage analysis (LA) in bi-parental mapping populations and genome-wide association study (GWAS) natural rice. However, few of the well characterized genes/QTL successfully applied molecular rice breeding due to genetic background (GB) environment effects on expression deficiency favorable alleles. In this study, GWAS LA were performed identify five quality-related traits using three multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross...