A5012977144- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- Immune cells in cancer
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Congenital heart defects research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
National University of Singapore
2016-2025
National University Health System
2008-2019
National Dental Centre of Singapore
2004
St Bartholomew's Hospital
2004
Eastman Dental Hospital
2004
University of Manitoba
1996-1997
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cultured ex vivo, recently were shown to be able migrate into sites of brain injuries when transplanted systemically or locally, suggesting that MSCs possess migratory capacity. However, the mechanisms underlying migration these remain unclear. In this study, we examined role some chemokines and their receptors in trafficking rat (rMSCs) a model left hypoglossal nerve injury. rMSCs lateral ventricles migrated avulsed nucleus, where expression chemokines,...
Abstract Background Hypoxia induces microglial activation which causes damage to the developing brain. Microglia derived inflammatory mediators may contribute this process. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been reported induce and cytokines production in brain injuries; however, its role hypoxic injury remains uncertain. We investigate here TLR4 expression roles neuroinflammation neonatal rats following injury. Methods One day old Wistar were subjected hypoxia for 2 h. Primary cultured...
The release of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide by microglia has been implicated in neurotoxicity chronic neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer's disease. As all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) reported to exert anti-inflammatory actions various cell types, we have examined its effects on the expression TNF-α inducible synthase (iNOS) activated β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exposure primary cultures rat microglial cells Aβ or LPS...
Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a family of cysteine-rich, metal-binding intracellular proteins, which have been linked with cell proliferation. In this study, expression levels the 8 known MT-1 and MT-2 functional isoforms in human invasive ductal breast cancer specimens were determined by RT–PCR. The profiles MT protein MT-2A mRNA further evaluated 79 cases carcinoma immunohistochemistry situ hybridization, correlated proliferation (determined Ki-67 nuclear antigen immunolabeling). MT-1A,...
Abstract Background Microglia, the resident immune cells of central nervous system (CNS), have two distinct phenotypes in developing brain: amoeboid form, known to be microglial (AMC) and ramified (RMC). The AMC are characterized by being proliferative, phagocytic migratory whereas RMC quiescent exhibit a slow turnover rate. transform into with advancing age, this transformation is indicative gradual shift functions. Both respond CNS inflammation, they become hypertrophic when activated...
Neuroinflammation mediated by the activated microglia is suggested to play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of hypoxic brain injury; however, underlying mechanism activation remains unclear. Here, we show that canonical Notch signaling orchestrates after exposure which closely associated with multiple pathological situations brain. Notch-1 and Delta-1 expression primary BV-2 microglial cells was significantly elevated hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced further confirmed concomitant increase...
Abstract Background Congenital heart defects are frequently observed in infants of diabetic mothers, but the molecular basis remains obscure. Thus, present study was performed to gain some insights into pathogenesis maternal diabetes-induced congenital mice. Methods and results We analyzed morphological changes, expression pattern genes, proliferation index apoptosis developing embryos at E13.5 from streptozotocin-induced Morphological analysis has shown persistent truncus arteriosus...
Abstract Microglial cells release monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) which amplifies the inflammation process by promoting recruitment of macrophages and microglia to inflammatory sites in several neurological diseases. In present study, dexamethasone (Dex), an anti‐inflammatory immunosuppressive drug has been shown suppress mRNA protein expression MCP‐1 activated resulting inhibition microglial migration. This further confirmed chemotaxis assay showed that Dex or neutralization with...
Abstract Background Nox-2 (also known as gp91 phox ), a subunit component of NADPH oxidases, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nox-dependent ROS generation and nitric oxide (NO) release by microglia have been implicated in variety diseases the central nervous system. Dexamethasone (Dex) has shown to suppress production, NO inflammatory reaction activated microglial cells. However, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Results The present study showed that increased production BV-2...