A5023472146- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Cardiovascular Issues in Pregnancy
- Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Congenital heart defects research
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Innovations in Medical Education
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
National University of Singapore
2007-2020
National University Health System
2012-2020
Sultanah Aminah Hospital
2016
Second Military Medical University
2002
University College London
1994
University of Iowa
1989
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cultured ex vivo, recently were shown to be able migrate into sites of brain injuries when transplanted systemically or locally, suggesting that MSCs possess migratory capacity. However, the mechanisms underlying migration these remain unclear. In this study, we examined role some chemokines and their receptors in trafficking rat (rMSCs) a model left hypoglossal nerve injury. rMSCs lateral ventricles migrated avulsed nucleus, where expression chemokines,...
The release of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide by microglia has been implicated in neurotoxicity chronic neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer's disease. As all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) reported to exert anti-inflammatory actions various cell types, we have examined its effects on the expression TNF-α inducible synthase (iNOS) activated β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exposure primary cultures rat microglial cells Aβ or LPS...
Abstract Background Microglia, the resident immune cells of central nervous system (CNS), have two distinct phenotypes in developing brain: amoeboid form, known to be microglial (AMC) and ramified (RMC). The AMC are characterized by being proliferative, phagocytic migratory whereas RMC quiescent exhibit a slow turnover rate. transform into with advancing age, this transformation is indicative gradual shift functions. Both respond CNS inflammation, they become hypertrophic when activated...
Abstract Background Congenital heart defects are frequently observed in infants of diabetic mothers, but the molecular basis remains obscure. Thus, present study was performed to gain some insights into pathogenesis maternal diabetes-induced congenital mice. Methods and results We analyzed morphological changes, expression pattern genes, proliferation index apoptosis developing embryos at E13.5 from streptozotocin-induced Morphological analysis has shown persistent truncus arteriosus...
Background Maternal diabetes alters gene expression leading to neural tube defects (NTDs) in the developing brain. The mechanistic pathways that deregulate remain unknown. It is hypothesized exposure of stem cells (NSCs) high glucose/hyperglycemia results activation epigenetic mechanisms which alter and cell fate during brain development. Methods Findings NSCs were isolated from normal pregnancy streptozotocin induced-diabetic cultured physiological glucose. In order examine hyperglycemia...
<b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Microglia, the resident macrophages in central nervous system, secrete various proinflammatory cytokines and undergo proliferation upon activation neurodegenerative diseases. Activation of microglia has been implicated exacerbation Recently, it proposed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunosuppressive properties potential to moderate inflammation. This study aimed elucidate effects MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) modulating...
Abstract Maternal diabetes causes congenital malformations in various organs including the neural tube fetuses. In this study, we have analyzed differential gene expression profiling cranial of embryos from diabetic and control mice by using oligonucleotide microarray. Expression patterns genes proteins that are differentially expressed were further examined real‐time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry. Proliferation index apoptosis BrdU...
Abstract While OX42 + microglia/macrophages have been considered as a scavenger in the brain, NG2 cells are generally oligodendrocyte progenitor or function‐unknown glial cells. Recent evidence showed that under some pathological conditions, certain become positive for both anti‐NG2 and anti‐OX42 antibodies. Our results suggested microglia macrophages were induced to express proteins 3 5 days later after focal injection of lipopolysaccharide into brain cortex Sprague‐Dawley rats. In...
Pharmaceutically active compounds require different modes of drug delivery systems to accomplish therapeutic activity without loss its and lead exhibit no adverse effects. Originating from ancient days, pulmonary mode is gaining much importance compared other with respect specific diseases. Pulmonary a non-invasive route for local systemic therapies together more patient convenience, compliance needleless system. In this review, we addressed the vaccine via non- or minimally invasive routes....
Abstract Exposure of embryos to the teratogen cyclophosphamide (CP) and maternal diabetes is linked pathogenesis neural tube defects during development. Maternal aggravates teratogen‐induced inflammatory reaction leading increased risk in mouse embryos. The developing has been characterized by presence activated amoeboid microglia/brain macrophages altered expression levels cytokines. Although there were no obvious anomalies observed tubes from CP‐treated non‐diabetic mice, frequency was...
Abstract Oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia is one of the key factors responsible for maternal diabetes‐induced congenital malformations, including neural tube defects in embryos. However, mechanisms which diabetes induces oxidative during neurulation are not clear. The present study was aimed to investigate whether high glucose stem cells (NSCs), compose development. We also investigated mechanism disturbs growth and survival NSCs vitro . were exposed physiological d ‐glucose...