A5073970199- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Magnetic Properties and Applications
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Magnetic Properties of Alloys
- Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
Princeton University
2016-2025
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
2015-2024
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
1993-2022
Soochow University
2021-2022
Utah State University
2022
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2001-2019
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2001-2019
California State University, San Marcos
2019
Rice University
2019
The fundamental physics of magnetic reconnection in laboratory and space plasmas is reviewed by discussing results from theory, numerical simulations, observations satellites, recent plasma experiments. After a brief review the well-known early work, representative experimental theoretical works are discussed essence significant modern findings interpreted. In area local physics, many have been made with regard to two-fluid related cause fast reconnection. Profiles neutral sheet, Hall...
The magnetic reconnection experiment has been constructed to investigate the fundamental physics of in a well-controlled laboratory setting. This device creates an environment satisfying criteria for magnetohydrodynamic plasma (S≫1, ρi≪L). boundary conditions can be controlled externally, and experiments with fully three-dimensional are now possible. In initial experiments, effects third vector component reconnecting fields have studied. Two distinctively different shapes neutral sheet...
We report a quantitative experimental test of the Sweet-Parker model magnetic reconnection in controlled laboratory plasma. It is found that observed rate can be explained by generalized which incorporates compressibility, downstream pressure, and effective resistivity. The latter significantly enhanced over its classical values collisionless limit.
Recent progress in understanding the physics of magnetic reconnection is conveniently summarized terms a phase diagram which organizes essential dynamics for wide variety applications heliophysics, laboratory, and astrophysics. The two key dimensionless parameters are Lundquist number macrosopic system size units ion sound gyroradius. In addition to conventional single X-line collisional collisionless phases, multiple phases arise due presence plasmoid instability either current sheets....
Experimental evidence for a positive correlation is established between the magnitude of electromagnetic fluctuations up to lower-hybrid frequency range and enhancement reconnection rates in well-controlled laboratory plasma. The belong right-hand polarized whistler wave branch, propagating obliquely reconnecting magnetic field, with phase velocity comparable relative drift electrons ions. measured short coherence lengths indicate their strongly nonlinear nature.
In this Letter we report a clear and unambiguous observation of the out-of-plane quadrupole magnetic field suggested by numerical simulations in reconnecting current sheet reconnection experiment. Measurements show that Hall effect is large collisionless regime becomes small as collisionality increases, indicating plays an important role reconnection.
The Large Helical Device (LHD) now under construction is a heliotron/torsatron device with closed divertor system. edge LHD magnetic structure has been studied in detail. A peculiar feature of the configuration existence surface layers, complicated three dimensional which does not, however, seem to hamper expected functions. Two operational modes are being considered for experiment-high density, cold radiative operation as safe heat removal scheme and high temperature plasma operation. In...
This article describes the recent findings on two-fluid effects magnetic reconnection in plasmas with variable collisionality experiment (MRX) [M. Yamada et al., Phys. Plasmas 4, 1936 (1997)]. The MRX device has been upgraded to accommodate a variety of operation modes and high energy density experiments by increasing its capacitor bank extending discharge duration. As our experimental regime moved from collisional collision-free, have become more evident. It is observed that two-dimensional...
An auxiliary poloidal inductive electric field applied to a reserved pinch plasma reduces the current density gradient, slows growth of m=1 tearing fluctuations, suppresses their associated sawteeth, and doubles energy confinement time. Small sawteeth occur in improved state but with m=0 precursors. By requiring change toroidal flux embedding plasma, profile drive is transient, improvement encourges program reversed transport suppression using control.
Although the magnetorotational instability (MRI) has been widely accepted as a powerful accretion mechanism in magnetized discs, it not realized laboratory. The possibility of studying MRI rotating liquid metal annulus (Couette flow) is explored by local and global stability analysis. Stability diagrams are drawn dimensionless parameters, also terms angular velocities at inner outer cylinders. It shown that can be triggered moderately rapidly table-top apparatus, using easy-to-handle metals...
Magnetic fields generated by a current flowing through U-shaped coil connecting two copper foils were measured using ultrafast proton radiography. Two ∼1.25 kJ, 1-ns laser pulses propagated entrance holes in the front foil and focused to back with an intensity of ∼3 × 1016 W/cm2. The intense laser-solid interaction induced high voltage between large coil. data show ∼40–50 T magnetic at center ∼3–4 ns after irradiation. experiments provide significant insight for future target designs that...
The Universe is permeated by hot, turbulent, magnetized plasmas. Turbulent plasma a major constituent of active galactic nuclei, supernova remnants, the intergalactic and interstellar medium, solar corona, wind Earth’s magnetosphere, just to mention few examples. Energy dissipation turbulent fluctuations plays key role in heating energization, yet we still do not understand underlying physical mechanisms involved. THOR mission designed answer questions how heated particles accelerated,...
The lower hybrid drift wave (LHDW) has been a candidate for anomalous resistivity and electron heating inside the diffusion region of magnetic reconnection. In laboratory reconnection layer with finite guide field, quasielectrostatic LHDW (ES-LHDW) propagating along direction nearly perpendicular to local field is excited in region. ES-LHDW generates large density fluctuations ($\ensuremath{\delta}{n}_{\mathrm{e}}$, about 25% mean density) that are correlated out-of-plane electric...
We present a detailed study of fluctuations in laboratory current sheet undergoing magnetic reconnection. The measurements reveal the presence lower-hybrid-frequency-range on edge sheets produced reconnection experiment (MRX). measured fluctuation characteristics are consistent with theoretical predictions for lower-hybrid drift instability (LHDI). Our observations suggest that LHDI turbulence alone cannot explain observed fast rate MRX.
Detailed comparisons are reported between laboratory observations of electron‐scale dissipation layers near a reconnecting X‐line and direct two‐dimensional full‐particle simulations. Many experimental features the electron layers, such as insensitivity to ion mass, reproduced by simulations; layer thickness, however, is about 3–5 times larger than predictions. Consequently, leading candidate 2D mechanism based on collisionless nongyrotropic pressure insufficient explain observed...
The ion dynamics in a collisionless magnetic reconnection layer are studied laboratory plasma. measured in-plane plasma potential profile, which is established by electrons accelerated around the electron diffusion region, shows saddle-shaped structure that wider and deeper towards outflow direction. This ballistically accelerates ions near separatrices toward Ions heated as they travel into high-pressure downstream region.