Introduction: Glycemic instability is a severely underestimated problem in type 2 diabetes treatment. Therapeutic targets should aim to reduce postprandial blood glucose excursions. Exercise prescription can effectively improve homeostasis and the risk of cardiovascular complications. Aim: To assess impact single, isoenergetic bout low- (LI) high-intensity (HI) exercise on prevalence hyperglycemia throughout subsequent 24-h postexercise period longstanding patients. Methods: Nine sedentary,...

To investigate the impact of activities daily living (ADL) versus moderate-intensity endurance-type exercise on 24-h glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.Twenty males diabetes participated a randomized crossover study consisting three experimental periods 3 days each. Subjects were studied under sedentary conditions, and conditions which prolonged time was reduced either by 15-min bouts ADL (postmeal strolling, ∼3 METs) or single 45-min bout (∼6 METs). Blood glucose...

The present study compares the impact of endurance- vs resistance-type exercise on subsequent 24 h blood glucose homeostasis in individuals with impaired tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes.Fifteen IGT, 15 diabetic patients treated exogenous insulin (INS), oral glucose-lowering medication (OGLM) participated a randomised crossover experiment. Participants were studied three occasions for 3 days under strict dietary standardisation, but otherwise free-living conditions. Blood was assessed by...

Disuse leads to rapid loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. It has been hypothesized that short successive periods disuse throughout the lifespan play an important role in development sarcopenia. The physiological mechanisms underlying short-term atrophy remain be elucidated. We assessed impact 5 days on postabsorptive postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates humans. Twelve healthy young (22 ± 1 yr) men underwent a 5-day period one-legged knee immobilization (full leg cast)....

The use of nutritional supplements is highly prevalent among athletes. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the prevalence supplement by a large group Dutch competitive athletes in relation to dietary counseling. A total 778 (407 males and 371 females) completed web-based questionnaire about supplements. Log-binomial regression models were applied estimate crude adjusted ratios (PR) for individual receiving counseling as compared with not Of athletes, 97.2% had used at some time during...

Protein ingestion during recovery from exercise has been reported to augment myofibrillar protein synthesis rates, without increasing muscle connective rates. It suggested that collagen may be effective in stimulating synthesis. The present study assessed the capacity of both whey and stimulate postexercise rates.In a randomized, double-blind, parallel design, 45 young male ( n = 30) female 15) recreational athletes (age, 25 ± 4 yr; body mass index, 24.1 2.0 kg·m -2 ) were selected receive...

Given the transient nature of exercise-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity, it has been speculated that daily exercise is preferred to maximize benefits for glycemic control. The current study investigates impact versus performed every other day on control type 2 diabetic patients.Thirty patients (age 60 ± 1 years, BMI 30.4 0.7 kg/m(2), and HbA(1c) 7.2 0.2%) participated a randomized crossover experiment. Subjects were studied three occasions 3 days under strict dietary...

Purpose We assessed the effect of a single bout moderate-intensity exercise on subsequent 24-h glycemic control in 60 type 2 diabetes patients. Moreover, we examined whether individual responses to were related subjects’ baseline characteristics, including age, body mass index, duration, performance, medication, and HbA1c content. Methods Sixty patients (insulin-treated, n = 23) participated randomized crossover experiment. Patients studied two occasions for 3 d under strict dietary...

Abstract Purpose : There is an ongoing debate whether highly trained athletes are less responsive to the ergogenic properties of nitrate. We assessed effects nitrate supplementation on plasma and nitrite concentrations repeated‐sprint performance in recreational, competitive elite sprint athletes. Methods In a randomized double‐blinded cross‐over design, recreational cyclists (n = 20), national talent speed‐skaters 22) Olympic‐level track 10) underwent two 6‐day periods; 140 mL/d...

Purpose: Dietary nitrate has been shown to enhance muscle contractile function and has, therefore, linked increased power sprint exercise performance. However, the impact of dietary supplementation on maximal strength, performance muscular endurance remains be established. Methods: Fifteen recreationally active males (25 ± 4 y, BMI 24 3 kg/m2) participated in a randomized double-blinded cross-over study comprising two 6-d periods; 140 mL/d nitrate-rich (BR; 985 mg/d) nitrate-depleted (PLA;...

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in male and female elite cyclists at different stages a professional cycling career identify potential risk factors BMD.In this cross-sectional study, 93 early career, advanced postcareer completed dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry hip, femoral neck, lumbar spine, total body; blood sampling; assessment training history injuries; bone-specific physical activity questionnaire. Backward stepwise multiple regression...

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Low mechanical loading of the bones wheelchair (WC) users leads to low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk fractures associated complications. High load resistance training upper body is one way achieving lumbar spine hip bones. In addition, maintaining good nutritional status with key nutrients for remodelling, i.e., vitamin D calcium, important accrual. </sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> The primary objective investigate effect 24-weeks’ high-load...

ABSTRACT Purpose Many elite road-race cyclists have low areal bone mineral density (aBMD) as previously shown by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, aBMD provides limited insight into quality. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess volumetric BMD (vBMD), microarchitecture, and strength in using high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT), along with measured DXA. Methods Twenty female (Tier 3/ 4) (21 ± 2 y; BMI 20.8 1.6 kg/m ) had DXA scans at the...

IN BRIEF The introduction of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) several years ago enabled researchers to investigate the impact exercise strategies on 24-hour glycemic control. Such unique information glucoregulatory properties will ultimately lead more effective programs prevent and treat type 2 diabetes. This article reviews role physical activity in treatment diabetes, complemented by recent data obtained CGM.

Although beetroot juice, as a nitrate carrier, is popular ergogenic supplement among athletes, consumed through the regular diet well. We aimed to assess habitual dietary intake and identify main contributing food sources in large group of highly trained athletes. Dutch athletes (226 women 327 men) completed 2–4 web-based 24-hr recalls questionnaires within 2- 4-week period. The content products groups was determined systematically based on values found regulatory reports scientific...

Selecting effective dietary strategies for professional football players requires comprehensive information on their energy expenditure (EE) and intake. This observational study aimed to assess EE intake over a 14-day period in representative group (n = 41) of playing the Dutch Premier League (Eredivisie). Daily EE, as assessed by doubly labelled water, was 13.8 ± 1.5 MJ/day, representing physical activity level (PAL) 1.75 0.13. Weighted mean (EI), three face-to-face 24-h recalls, 11.1 2.9...

In contrast to male football players, research on the nutritional requirements of female players is limited. This study aimed assess total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) in professional along with body composition, physical activity and dietary intake. observational included 15 playing highest Dutch Women's League. TDEE was assessed by doubly labelled water over 14 days, resting metabolic rate (RMR; ventilated hood), fat-free mass (FFM; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), intake (24-h...

This work presents a MEMS displacement sensor based on the conductive heat transfer of resistively heated silicon structure towards an actuated stage parallel to structure. differential can be easily incorporated into silicon-on-insulator-based process, and fabricated within same mask as electrostatic actuators flexure-based stages. We discuss lumped capacitance model optimize sensitivity function doping concentration, operating temperature, heater length width. demonstrate various designs....

Nitrate-rich beetroot juice is thought to have ergogenic effects, particularly in conditions where oxygen availability limited. Whether these effects also apply elite athletes currently unknown. The aim of this study was assess the supplementation on dynamic apnea and intermittent sprint performance female water polo players. In a double-blinded, randomized, crossover manner, Dutch National team ( N = 14) subjected two 6-day periods (1 2), with either 140 ml/day nitrate-rich (BR; ∼800 mg/day...