A5053013165- Climate change and permafrost
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Water Resources and Management
- Soil and Environmental Studies
- Transboundary Water Resource Management
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Aquatic and Environmental Studies
- Marine and environmental studies
- Climate variability and models
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
Analysis Group (United States)
2002-2024
University of New Hampshire
2014-2024
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute
2000-2023
University of New Hampshire at Manchester
2008-2022
Institute of Oceanology. PP Shirshov Russian Academy of Sciences
2016
Marine Biological Laboratory
2001
Synthesis of river-monitoring data reveals that the average annual discharge fresh water from six largest Eurasian rivers to Arctic Ocean increased by 7% 1936 1999. The rate increase was 2.0 +/- 0.7 cubic kilometers per year. Consequently, is now about 128 year greater than it when routine measurements began. Discharge correlated with changes in both North Atlantic Oscillation and global mean surface air temperature. observed large-scale change freshwater flux has potentially important...
Abstract Hydrologic cycle intensification is an expected manifestation of a warming climate. Although positive trends in several global average quantities have been reported, no previous studies documented broad across elements the Arctic freshwater (FWC). In this study, authors examine character and quantitative significance changes annual precipitation, evapotranspiration, river discharge terrestrial pan-Arctic over past decades from observations suite coupled general circulation models...
We describe the contemporary hydrography of pan‐Arctic land area draining into Arctic Ocean, northern Bering Sea, and Hudson Bay on basis observational records river discharge computed runoff. The Regional Hydrographic Network data set, R‐ArcticNET, is presented, which based 3754 recording stations drawn from Russian, Canadian, European, U.S. archives. R‐ArcticNET represents single largest compendium observed in Arctic. Approximately 73% nonglaciated monitored by at least one gage giving a...
Operational river discharge monitoring is declining in both North America and Eurasia. This problem especially severe the Far East of Siberia province Ontario, where 73% 67% gauges were closed between 1986 1999, respectively. These reductions will greatly affect our ability to study variations alterations pan‐Arctic hydrological cycle.
Quantification of sediment fluxes from rivers is fundamental to understanding land‐ocean linkages in the Arctic. Numerous publications have focused on this subject over past century, yet assessments temporal trends are scarce and consensus contemporary lacking. Published estimates vary widely, but often provide little accessory information needed interpret differences. We present a pan‐arctic synthesis flux 19 arctic rivers, primarily focusing contributions eight largest ones. For synthesis,...
A first analysis of new daily discharge data for 111 northern rivers from 1936–1999 and 1958–1989 finds an overall pattern increasing minimum flows (or “low flows”) throughout Russia. These increases are generally more abundant than in mean flow appear to drive much the rise observed here previous studies. Minimum decreases have also occurred but less abundant. The found summer as well winter nonpermafrost permafrost terrain. No robust spatial contrasts between European Russia, Ob', Yenisey,...
The Arctic water cycle has experienced an unprecedented degree of change which may have planetary-scale impacts. year 2007 in particular not only was unique terms minimum sea ice extent the Ocean but also a record breaking for Eurasian river inflow to Ocean. Over observational period from 1936 2006, mean annual discharge six largest Russian rivers 1796 km3 y−1, with previous high being 2080 2002. showed massive flux fresh these drainage basins 2254 y−1. We investigated hydroclimatological...
Role of changing climatic conditions on permafrost degradation and hydrology was investigated in the transition zone between tundra forest ecotones at boundary continuous discontinuous lower Yenisei River. Three watersheds various sizes were chosen to represent characteristics regional landscape conditions. Samples river flow, precipitation, snow cover, ground ice collected over determine isotopic composition potential sources water a flow two year period. Increases air temperature last...
Land–ocean linkages are strong across the circumpolar north, where Arctic Ocean accounts for 1% of global ocean volume and receives more than 10% river discharge. Yet estimates riverine mercury (Hg) export constrained from direct Hg measurements remain sparse. Here, we report results a coordinated, year-round sampling program that focused on six major rivers to establish contemporary (2012–2017) benchmark export. We determine exported an average 20 000 kg y–1 total (THg, all forms Hg)....
This study analyzes long-term (1936–90) monthly streamflow records for the major subbasins within Ob River watershed in order to examine discharge changes induced by human activities (particularly reservoirs and agricultural activities) natural variations. Changes pattern were found be different between upper lower parts of watershed. Over basin, decreases summer months increases winter season. The are mainly due water uses along river valley industrial purposes reservoir regulation reduce...
Floods cause more damage in Russia than any other natural disaster, and future climate model projections suggest that the frequency magnitude of extreme hydrological events will increase with change. Here we analyze daily discharge records from a new data set 139 Russian gauges Eurasian Arctic drainage basin watershed areas 16.1 to 50,000 km 2 for signs change maximum river discharge. Several hypotheses about changes their linking trends precipitation over cold season were tested. For found...
Abstract The Arctic freshwater cycle is changing rapidly, which will require adequate monitoring of river flows to detect, observe, and understand changes provide adaptation information. There has, however, been little detail about where the greatest flow are projected, therefore may need be strengthened. In this study, we used a set recent climate model runs an advanced macro‐scale hydrological analyze how across continental pan‐Arctic projected change models agree on significant changes....
During the past several decades, Earth system has changed significantly, especially across Northern Eurasia. Changes in socio-economic conditions of larger countries region have also resulted a variety regional environmental changes that can global consequences. The Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI) been designed as an essential continuation Science Partnership (NEESPI), which was launched 2004. NEESPI sought to elucidate all aspects ongoing change, inform societies and, thus, better prepare...
SignificanceRussian rivers are the predominant source of riverine mercury to Arctic Ocean, where methylmercury biomagnifies high levels in food webs. Pollution controls thought have decreased late-20th-century loading watersheds, but there no published long-term observations on Russian rivers. Here, we present a unique hydrochemistry dataset determine trends river particulate concentrations and fluxes recent decades. Using hydrologic deposition modeling together with multivariate time series...
During the last several thousand years semi‐arid, cold climate of Russian steppe formed highly fertile soils rich in organic carbon and calcium (classified as Chernozems system). Analysis archived soil samples collected Kemannaya Steppe Preserve 1920, 1947, 1970, fresh 1998 indicated that native Chernozems, however, lost 17–28 kg m −2 form carbonates 1970–1998. Here we demonstrate loss was caused by fundamental shift hydrologic balance. Previously unleached where precipitation less than...
This paper looks at the response of river ice to recent warming in Arctic six major downstream gauges on large Russian rivers flowing Ocean. For Severnaya Dvina, Ob, Yenisey, Lena, Yana and Kolyma we determine how has changed years try understand underlying causes those changes. Long-term variability trends beginning ending dates events, duration conditions, maximum thickness were analyzed over 1955–2012. Significant changes timing events a decrease found for five Siberian rivers. Duration...