A5009731100- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Physical Activity and Health
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
University of the Witwatersrand
2012-2021
Burnet Institute
2012-2021
Monash University
2012-2021
Alfred Health
2017-2021
Institut de Virologie
2021
The Alfred Hospital
2009-2018
St Thomas' Hospital
2018
Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
2006-2017
Office of Infectious Diseases
2016
Monash Medical Centre
2014
Objective: To determine if stavudine (α4T)-associated mitochondrial toxicity could be reversed by substitution with another nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. As apoptosis and dysfunction of electron transport chain (ETC) activities may underlie toxicity, these parameters were also evaluated. Design: The 16 participants (on d4T for >3 years; lipoatrophy and/or hyperlactatemia) substituted abacavir or zidovudine in their antiretroviral regimen. Key including dual-energy X-ray...
<b>Objective: </b> To evaluate the performance characteristics of a brief clinical neuropathy screening tool for use in sensory neuropathies complicating HIV infection. <b>Methods: The authors assessed 80 patients using Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screen (BPNS). Patients were defined as having if they had both symptoms and signs consistent with this diagnosis. All subjects underwent threshold testing lower limb epidermal nerve fiber quantification punch skin biopsy objective measures....
The aim of the study was to describe prevalence and risk factors for HIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) in 2006 [the era stavudine, didanosine zalcitabine (dNRTI)-sparing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)] compare our findings with data obtained same clinic 1993 (pre-HAART) 2001 (frequent use dNRTI-containing HAART).This a cross-sectional comparative using convenience sampling. HIV-positive adults attending tertiary referral over 2-week period were screened HIV-SN AIDS...
To explore the association between specific nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and sensory neuropathies (SNs) define modifying roles of hepatitis C (HCV), vitamin B12 deficiency, impaired glucose tolerance.The authors conducted a prospective cohort study 147 HIV-infected adults at two sites chosen to emphasize demographic differences. Standardized assessments included detailed antiretroviral histories, neurologic examinations, skin biopsies for epidermal nerve quantitation,...
Sensory neuropathy is a common problem in HIV-infected patients and the dose-limiting toxicity of stavudine. Affordable methods predicting risk are needed to guide prescribing countries where some use stavudine remains an economic necessity. We therefore aimed identify factors predictive before antiretroviral use.A total 294 attending clinics Melbourne, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta were enrolled cross-sectional screening program 2006. Neuropathy was defined by presence symptoms signs on AIDS...
A total of 8.3 million HIV-positive people live in the Asia-Pacific region. The burden HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and symptomatic sensory neuropathy this region is unknown.Between July 2005 March 2006, we undertook a cross-sectional study at 10 sentinel sites within eight countries to determine prevalence moderate severe HIV-related neuropathy. We clinically assessed administered sensitive neuropsychological peripheral screening tools 658 patients infected with HIV. Univariate...
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), particularly dideoxynucleoside analogs (ddNs), used in the treatment of HIV, inhibit mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma vitro. Mitochondrial (mtDNA) depletion is proposed as underlying mechanism many vivo side effects these agents. A reliable and valid laboratory test to detect this not yet available. The objective study was correlate tissue mtDNA quantification HIV-infected patients with exposure nucleoside analogs.60 adults underwent...
Objectives: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), particularly dideoxynucleoside analogs (ddNs), used in the treatment of HIV, inhibit mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ vitro. Mitochondrial (mtDNA) depletion is proposed as underlying mechanism many vivo side effects these agents. A reliable and valid laboratory test to detect this not yet available. The objective study was correlate tissue mtDNA quantification HIV-infected patients with exposure nucleoside analogs. Methods: 60...
A toxic sensory neuropathy associated with exposure to inexpensive nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) [particularly stavudine (d4T)] causes dilemmas in the management of patients HIV, especially resource-poor settings. Here (n = 96) attending Pokdisus AIDS Clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta who had been treated d4T were screened for symptomatic neuropathy. Clinical, demographic, and genetic factors considered as possible risk factors. DNA from saliva was...
Tissue mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels have been proposed as a marker of nucleoside analouge reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) toxicity. However, clinical studies yielded conflicting data regarding possible associations with mtDNA levels. This study examined in matched samples peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and subcutaneous fat from large Australian cohort to examine treatment, clinical, demographic depletion.mtDNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction....
This study evaluates the validity of last-7-day, self-administered version International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long form in HIV-infected people, using accelerometry as objective criterion. The ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer was worn during all waking hours for 7 days, and IPAQ completed on day 7. A total 30 men were recruited participants from Alfred Infectious Disease Clinic, Melbourne, Australia. Self-reported number metabolic equivalents minutes per week correlated...
Objective To explore the prevalence and features of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDS) in Botswana, a sub-Saharan country at center HIV epidemic. Design Methods A cross sectional study 60 HIV-positive individuals, all receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 80 demographically matched HIV-seronegative control subjects. We administered comprehensive neuropsychological test battery structured psychiatric interview. The lowest 10th percentile results achieved by...
SUMMARY Painful HIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) is an early recognized neurological complication of HIV. The introduction effective HIV treatments saw increased rates HIV-SN, with some antiretrovirals (notably stavudine) being neurotoxic. Although neurotoxic are phased out, the available data suggest that incident HIV-SN will remain common, impairing quality life, mobility and ability to work. Despite its major clinical importance, pathogenesis determinants pain in poorly...
Chronic immune activation persists despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV+ individuals and underpins an increased risk of age-related co-morbidities. We assessed the Frailty Index older Australian men on ART. Immunometabolic markers monocytes T cells were analyzed using flow cytometry, plasma innate by ELISA, lipidomic profiling mass spectrometry. The study population consisted 80 with a median age 59 (IQR, 56-65), most had undetectable viral load (92%). 24% frail, 76% non-frail. was...