Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of poor cardiac autonomic function, has been associated with air pollution, especially fine particulate matter [< 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)]. We examined the relationship between HRV [standard deviation normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), power high frequency (HF) and low (LF), LF:HF ratio] ambient pollutants 497 men from Normative Aging Study greater Boston, Massachusetts, seen November 2000 October 2003. 4-hr, 24-hr, 48-hr...

Some heavy metals (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury) have been associated with obesity and comorbidities. The analytical approach for those associations has typically focused on individual metals. There is a growing interest in evaluating the health effects of cumulative exposure to metal mixtures. We utilized our Environmental Risk Score (ERS), summary measure examine risk multi-pollutants epidemiologic research, evaluate mixture correlated its comorbidities including hypertension,...

Abstract BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found widespread in drinking water, foods, food packaging materials other consumer products. Several PFAS have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals based on their ability to interfere with normal reproductive function hormonal signalling. Experimental models epidemiologic studies suggest that exposures target the ovary represent major risks for women’s health. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that regulates gene expression. Changes in within white blood cells may result from cumulative exposure to environmental metals such as lead. Bone lead, a marker of exposure, therefore better predict than does lead.In this study we compared associations between lead biomarkers and methylation.We measured global participants the Normative Aging Study (all men) who had archived samples. We patella tibia levels by K-X-Ray fluorescence atomic absorption...

Air pollution by particulate matter (PM) has been associated with cardiovascular deaths, although the mechanism of action is unclear. One proposed pathway through disturbances autonomic control heart.We tested hypothesis that such are mediated PM increasing oxidative stress examining association between and high-frequency (HF) component heart rate variability as modified presence or absence allele for glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) use statins, obesity, high neutrophil counts, higher...

Objective Bisphenol A (BPA) is found in plastics and other consumer products; exposure may lead to insulin resistance development of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through over-activation pancreatic β-cells. Previous studies using data from the National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) showed an inconsistent association between prevalence self-reported T2DM urinary BPA. We used a different diagnosis method (hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)) with larger subset NHANES. Methods Findings...

Studies show that ambient temperature and air pollution are associated with cardiovascular disease they may interact to affect events. However, few epidemiologic studies have examined mechanisms through which influence function. The authors whether was heart rate variability (HRV) in a Boston, Massachusetts, study population such associations were modified by concentrations. cohort of 694 older men between 2000 2008. fitted mixed model examine their interactions repeated HRV measurements,...

As public awareness of consequences environmental exposures has grown, estimating the adverse health effects due to simultaneous exposure multiple pollutants is an important topic explore. The challenges evaluating impacts factors in a multipollutant model include, but are not limited to: identification most critical components pollutant mixture, examination potential interaction effects, and attribution individual presence multicollinearity. In this paper, we reviewed five methods available...

BackgroundCardiac autonomic dysfunction has been suggested as a possible biologic pathway for the association between fine particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined associations of PM2.5 with heart rate variability, marker function, whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) modified these associations.MethodsWe used data from Multi-Ethnic Study Atherosclerosis to measure standard deviation normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) root mean square...

Although cadmium and lead are known risk factors for hearing loss in animal models, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted on their associations with ability the general population.We investigated between blood exposure U.S. population while controlling noise other major contributing to loss.We analyzed data from 3,698 adults 20-69 years of age who had randomly assigned National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 Audiometry Component. Pure-tone averages (PTA)...

Although air pollution has been suggested as a possible risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), results from existing epidemiologic studies have inconsistent. We investigated the associations of prevalence and incidence DM with long-term exposure to estimated using annual average concentrations particulate matter an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) nitrogen oxides at baseline (2000) in Multi-Ethnic Study Atherosclerosis. All participants were aged 45–84 years recruited 6 US...

There is growing concern of health effects exposure to pollutant mixtures. We initially proposed an Environmental Risk Score (ERS) as a summary measure examine the risk multi-pollutants in epidemiologic research considering only main effects. expand ERS by consideration pollutant-pollutant interactions using modern machine learning methods. illustrate multi-pollutant approaches predicting marker oxidative stress (gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)), common disease pathway linking environmental...

Particulate air pollution is associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. To help identify mechanisms of action protective/susceptibility factors, we evaluated whether the effect particulate matter <2.5 mum in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) on heart rate variability was modified by dietary intakes methyl nutrients (folate, vitamins B(6) B(12), methionine) related gene polymorphisms (C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR] C1420T cytoplasmic serine...

Cadmium and lead are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that might increase risks of cardiovascular disease other aging-related diseases, but their relationships with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker cellular aging, poorly understood. In experimental studies, they have been shown to induce shortening, no epidemiologic study date has examined associations LTL in the general population. We blood cadmium (n = 6,796) urine 2,093) levels among nationally representative sample US...

Ambient particles are associated with cardiovascular events and recently total plasma homocysteine. High homocysteine is a risk for human health. However, the biologic mechanisms not fully understood. One of putative pathways through oxidative stress. We aimed to examine whether associations PM2.5 black carbon were modified by genotypes including HFE H63D, C282Y, CAT (rs480575, rs1001179, rs2284367, rs2300181), NQO1 (rs1800566), GSTP1 I105V, GSTM1, GSTT1 (deletion vs. nondeletion), HMOX-1...

Lead exposure in adults is associated with hypertension. Altered prenatal nutrition subsequent risks of adult hypertension, but little known about whether to toxicants, such as lead, may also confer risks.We investigated the relationship lead and blood pressure (BP) 7- 15-year-old boys girls.We evaluated 457 mother-child pairs, originally recruited for an environmental birth cohort study between 1994 2003 Mexico City, at a follow-up visit 2008-2010. Prenatal was assessed by measurement...

Objective A growing body of evidence suggests that environmental pollutants, such as heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and plasticizers play an important role in the development chronic diseases. Most epidemiologic studies have examined individually, but real life, we are exposed to multi-pollutants pollution mixtures, not single pollutants. Although multi-pollutant approaches been recognized recently, challenges exist how estimate risk adverse health responses from...