Prostate specific antigen and free prostate have limited specificity to detect clinically significant, curable cancer, leading unnecessary biopsy, detection treatment of some indolent tumors. Specificity significant cancer may be improved by [-2]pro-prostate antigen. We evaluated antigen, using the formula, ([-2]pro-prostate antigen/free × antigen(1/2)) enhance overall high grade cancer.

The Prostate Health Index (phi) is a new test combining total, free and [-2]proPSA into single score. It was recently approved by the FDA now commercially available in U.S., Europe Australia. We investigate whether phi improves specificity for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer can help reduce over diagnosis.From multicenter prospective trial we identified 658 men age 50 years or older with specific antigen 4 to 10 ng/ml normal digital rectal examination who underwent biopsy....

The Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is becoming a principal screening tool for diagnosing rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infection. However, little known about the performance of in infections with both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains (mixed MTBC infections). We assessed detecting rifampin resistance using phenotypic drug sensitivity testing (DST) as reference standard 370 patients microbiologically proven pulmonary tuberculosis. Mixed were identified...

Objective To examine the use of Prostate Health Index ( PHI ) as a continuous variable in multivariable risk assessment for aggressive prostate cancer large multicentre US study. Materials and Methods The study population included 728 men, with prostate‐specific antigen PSA levels 2–10 ng/ mL negative digital rectal examination, enrolled prospective, multi‐site early detection trial. primary endpoint was cancer, defined biopsy Gleason score ≥7. First, we evaluated whether addition improves...

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 May 2013Prospective Multicenter Evaluation the Beckman Coulter Prostate Health Index Using WHO Calibration Stacy Loeb, Lori J. Sokoll, Dennis L. Broyles, Chris H. Bangma, Ron H.N. van Schaik, George G. Klee, John T. Wei, Martin Sanda, Alan W. Partin, Kevin M. Slawin, Leonard S. Marks, Isaac A. Mizrahi, Sanghyuk Shin, Amabelle B. Cruz, Daniel Chan, William Roberts, and Catalona LoebStacy Loeb Department Urology, New York University Langone Medical...

Heteroresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections (defined as concomitant infection with drug-resistant and drug-susceptible strains) may explain the higher risk of poor treatment outcomes observed among patients mixed-strain M. infections. We investigated clinical effect while controlling for pretreatment heteroresistance in a population-based sample starting first-line therapy Botswana.

Abstract Background Household contact investigations are effective for finding tuberculosis (TB) cases but hindered by low referral uptake clinic-based evaluation and testing. We assessed the acceptability feasibility of in-home testing household contacts (HHC) using GeneXpert Edge platform. Methods conducted a 2-arm, randomized study in Eastern Cape, South Africa. HHCs were verbally World Health Organization-recommended 4-symptom screen. Households with ≥1 eligible symptomatic randomized....

Infant neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization increases maternal risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, which may negatively impact mother-child attachment and infant growth development. Prior studies have documented positive associations between unmet parenting expectations adverse psychological outcomes, including post-NICU discharge. However, no yet explored how be associated with NICU-related PTSD symptoms. The current paper reports a focused analysis of...

Background Few studies assessing the relationship between active and passive smoking tuberculosis have used biomarkers to measure smoke exposure. We sought determine association LTBI in a representative sample of US adults children. Methods 1999–2000 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset with tuberculin skin test (TST) data assess cotinine-confirmed exposure latent infection (LTBI) among ages ≥20 years (n = 3598) children 3–19 2943) estimate prevalence those LTBI....

<sec id="st1"> <title>SETTING</title> A global survey of National Tuberculosis Program (NTP) directors. </sec> id="st2"> <title>OBJECTIVES</title> To assess the perceived mental health needs persons with tuberculosis (TB), current practices, and receptivity to integrating evidence-based substance use treatment into national TB guidelines. id="st3"> <title>DESIGN</title> Semi-structured NTP directors from 26 countries all income levels using a standardized questionnaire. id="st4">...

Background: Dolutegravir (DTG) has recently been recommended as a preferred first-line regimen for the treatment of new and treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients. However, potential drug interactions between DTG rifampicin remain clinical public health concern. Methods: We analyzed HIV Tuberculosis (TB) outcomes patients concomitantly receiving rifampicin- DTG-based regimens under programmatic conditions in Botswana. The interest were successful TB viral load suppression. used...

Background: Infant neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization increases maternal risk for psychological distress. However, no universal screening standards exist and predicting remains challenging. Reconceptualizing distress in relation to differences between parenting expectations NICU experiences may illuminate commonalities across a range of experiences. Purpose: This study explored expectation–experience (EEDs) among mothers assessed correlations EED scores outcomes 1 5 years...

Daily discrimination experiences are associated with both the physical and psychological well-being among African Americans (AAs). Little is known about impact of daily on mental health people experiencing homelessness (PEH), especially AA persons (AA PEH). In this study, we measured perceived discrimination, depression, anxiety using Everyday Discrimination Scale, Centers for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, respectively. Multivariable linear regression...

Rural-to-urban migrant women may be vulnerable to smoking initiation as they are newly exposed risk factors in the urban environment. We sought identify correlates of among rural-to-urban China.A cross-sectional survey working restaurants and hotels (RHW) those commercial sex workers (CSW) was conducted ten provincial capital cities China. Multiple logistic regression smoking. enrolled 2229 (1697 RHWs aged 18-24 years 532 CSWs 18-30 years). Of these, 18.4% 58.3% reported ever tried 3.2%...

Background Homeless female ex-offenders (homeless offenders) exiting jail and prison are at a critical juncture during reentry transitioning into the community setting. Objective The purpose of study was to compare effect dialectical behavioral therapy-case management (DBT-CM) program with health promotion (HP) on achieving drug alcohol abstinence among parolees/probationers residing in community. Methods We conducted multicenter parallel randomized controlled trial 130 (aged 19–64 years)...

Tuberculosis (TB) disproportionately affects marginalized and impoverished homeless adults. Although active TB can be prevented by treating latent infection (LTBI), individual factors, such as high prevalence of depression anxiety, drug alcohol use, unstable housing, lead to poor LTBI treatment adherence completion among adults.We hypothesized that the delivery a tailored nurse-led, community health worker (RN/CHW) program across continuum care (e.g., screening, diagnosis, treatment)...

Abstract We report 9 ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates submitted to the US National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System during 1999–2008. The first 2 had indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and identical gyrA parC mutations. Eight of patients traveled India within 30 days before illness onset.

We examined correlates of ever injecting drugs in Mexico among residents San Diego, California. From 2007 to 2010, drug users (IDUs) Diego underwent an interviewer-administered survey. Logistic regression identified injection use Mexico. Of 302 IDUs, 38% were Hispanic, 72% male and median age was 37; 27% injected Mexico; 43% reported distributive syringe sharing there. Factors independently associated with included being younger at first injection, heroin, least half the time, transporting...

We examined factors associated with mixed-strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections among patients at high risk for drug-resistant in Botswana. Thirty-seven (10.0%) of 370 had mixed M. infections, based on 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable number tandem repeats genotyping. In log-binomial regression analysis, age <37 years (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–3.57) and prior treatment PR, 2.31; CI, 1.09–4.89) were infections....

Quality of life (QOL) is associated with better outcomes in HIV/AIDS populations. We explored predictors improved QOL over time 600 Women Living (WLH/A) India [mean age = 34.31, SD 6.97], enrolled a nurse-led-Asha (Accredited Social Health Activist) intervention. Trained local interviewers ascertained self-report data at baseline and six-month follow-up (post-intervention). Latent Class Analysis (LCA) identified constellations responses on psychosocial indicators (depression, social support,...

An estimated 450,000 cases of shigellosis occur annually in the United States. Outbreaks have been associated with food, water, child daycare centers, and men who sex men. However, for sporadic infections, which account majority cases, risk exposures are poorly characterized.Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts active, laboratory-based surveillance 10 US sites. We interviewed illness onset during 2005 about week before symptom using a standardized questionnaire....