A5102831170- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- GABA and Rice Research
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Food composition and properties
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
2010-2024
Iwate Biotechnology Research Center
2015-2024
Tokyo University of Agriculture
1997-2020
Sapporo Medical University
1989-2019
Iwate University
2012-2013
Niigata Prefectural Niigata Minami High School
2008-2013
Hokkaido University
2013
Agricultural Research Center
2010-2012
Mitsui Mining & Smelting (Japan)
2011-2012
University of Tsukuba
2010
The majority of agronomically important crop traits are quantitative, meaning that they controlled by multiple genes each with a small effect (quantitative trait loci, QTLs). Mapping and isolation QTLs is for efficient breeding marker-assisted selection (MAS) better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying traits. However, since it requires development DNA markers linkage analysis, QTL analysis has been time-consuming labor-intensive. Here we report rapid identification plant...
The Oryza sativa (rice) resistance gene Pia confers to the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae carrying AVR-Pia avirulence gene. To clone Pia, we employed a multifaceted genomics approach. First, selected 12 R-gene analog (RGA) genes encoding nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeats (NBS-LRRs) proteins from region on chromosome 11 that shows linkage Pia. By using seven rice accessions, examined association between phenotypes and DNA polymorphisms in 10 genes, which revealed three...
Advances in genome sequencing technologies have enabled researchers and breeders to rapidly associate phenotypic variation sequence differences. We recently took advantage of next-generation technology develop MutMap, a method that allows rapid identification causal nucleotide changes rice mutants by whole resequencing pooled DNA mutant F2 progeny derived from crosses made between candidate the parental line. Here we describe MutMap+, versatile extension identifies mutations comparing SNP...
Summary Next‐generation sequencing allows the identification of mutations responsible for mutant phenotypes by whole‐genome resequencing and alignment to a reference genome. However, when resequenced cultivar/line displays significant structural variation from genome, in genome regions missing (gaps) cannot be identified simple alignment. Here we report on method called ‘ M ut ap‐ G ap’, which involves delineating candidate region harboring mutation interest using recently reported ap...
Previous work has led to the identification of inhibitors glucosylceramide synthase, enzyme catalyzing first glycosylation step in synthesis glucosylceramide-based glycosphingolipids. These have two identified sites action: inhibition resulting depletion cellular glycosphingolipids, and 1-O-acylceramide elevation cell ceramide levels. A new series synthase based on substitutions phenyl ring a parent compound, 1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-pyrrolidino-1-propanol (P4), was made. For single...
Abstract A high plasma concentration of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been suggested as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but some recent prospective studies have questioned the significance Lp(a). Lp(a) concentrations are determined to large extent by hypervariable apo(a) gene locus on chromosome 6q2.7, which contains variable number identical tandemly arranged transcribed kringle IV type 2 repeats. The these repeats correlates inversely with concentration. We analyzed whether...
Root and tuber crops are a major food source in tropical Africa. Among these several species the monocotyledonous genus Dioscorea collectively known as yam, staple crop that contributes enormously to subsistence socio-cultural lives of millions people, principally West Central Yam cultivation is constrained by factors, yam can be considered neglected "orphan" would benefit from improvement efforts. However, lack genetic genomic tools has impeded this crop. To accelerate marker-assisted...
Summary Bulked segregant analysis implemented in MutMap and QTL-seq is a powerful efficient method to identify loci contributing important phenotypic traits. However, the previous pipelines were not user-friendly install run. Here, we describe new for QTL-seq. These updated are approximately 5–8 times faster than pipeline, easier novice users use, can be easily installed through bioconda with all dependencies. Availability The of written Python via bioconda. source code manuals available...
Throughout their evolution, plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat receptors (NLRs) have acquired widely divergent unconventional integrated domains that enhance ability to detect pathogen effectors. However, the functional dynamics drive evolution of NLRs with (NLR-IDs) remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstructed evolutionary history an NLR locus prone domain integration and experimentally tested hypotheses about NLR-IDs. We show rice (Oryza sativa) Pias recognizes effector...
Studies focused solely on single organisms can fail to identify the networks underlying host-pathogen gene-for-gene interactions. Here, we integrate genetic analyses of rice (Oryza sativa, host) and blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae, pathogen) uncover a new pathogen recognition specificity nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat protein (NLR) immune receptor Pik, which mediates resistance M. oryzae expressing avirulence effector gene AVR-Pik. Rice Piks-1, encoded by an allele Pik-1,...
In an attempt to define the basis for sphingolipid regulation of cell proliferation, we studied effects glucosylceramide (GlcCer) synthase inhibition by threo1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP) on NIH 3T3 cells overexpressing insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors. PDMP treatment resulted in a time-dependent decrease GlcCer levels and increase cellular ceramide levels. abolished serum IGF-1-stimulated as measured reduction [3H]thymidine incorporation, protein, DNA...
We used a potent inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase to test whether substrate deprivation could lower globotriaosylceramide levels in alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-gal A) knockout mice, model Fabry disease. C57BL/6 mice treated twice daily for 3 days with D-threo-1-ethylendioxyphenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-pyrrolidi no-propanol (D-t-EtDO-P4) showed concentration-dependent decrement kidney, liver, and spleen. single intraperitoneal injection D-t-EtDO-P4 resulted 55% reduction renal...
An inhibitor of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) synthase, l-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP), has been reported to deplete cells and mice their glucosphingolipids. This proved useful for the elucidation many functions this lipid family [reviewed by Radin, N.S. & Inokuchi, J. (1991) Trends Glycosci Glycotechnol 3, 200–213]. In present study, we have synthesized homologs PDMP having different acyl chains (C6-C18) compared effectiveness inhibition GlcCer synthase in vitro GlcCer,...
Analogs and homologs of PDMP were synthesized, based on its structure (D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol). This compound had previously been found to block the synthesis GlcCer (glucosylceramide). Increasing acyl chain length from 10 16 carbon atoms greatly enhanced efficacy enzyme inhibitor, as did use a less polar cyclic amine, especially pyrrolidine instead morpholine ring. Replacement phenyl ring by corresponding sphingosine also yielded strongly inhibitory...
A lysosomal phospholipase A2, LPLA2, was recently characterized and shown to have substrate specificity for phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylethanolamine. LPLA2 is ubiquitously expressed but most highly in alveolar macrophages. Double conditional gene targeting employed elucidate the function of LPLA2. LPLA2-deficient mice (Lpla2−/−) were generated by systemic deletion exon 5 Lpla2 gene, which encodes lipase motif essential A2 activity. The survival Lpla2−/− normal. mouse mating pairs yielded...
Lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) belong to a structurally uncharacterized family of key lipid-metabolizing enzymes responsible for lung surfactant catabolism reverse cholesterol transport, respectively. Whereas LPLA2 is predicted underlie the development drug-induced phospholipidosis, somatic mutations in LCAT cause fish eye disease familial deficiency. Here we describe several high-resolution crystal structures human low-resolution structure...
Significance Guinea yam is an important staple tuber crop in West Africa, where it contributes to the sustenance and sociocultural lives of millions people. Understanding genetic diversity its relationships with wild relatives for improving this using genomic information. A recent genomics study proposed that originated from a relative, rainforest species Dioscorea praehensilis . Our results based on sequencing 336 accessions do not support notion; rather, our indicate hybrid origin...
In plants, many invading microbial pathogens are recognized by cell-surface pattern recognition receptors, which induce defense responses. Here, we show that the ceramide Phytophthora infestans-ceramide D (Pi-Cer D) from plant pathogenic oomycete P. infestans triggers responses in Arabidopsis. Pi-Cer is cleaved an Arabidopsis apoplastic ceramidase, NEUTRAL CERAMIDASE 2 (NCER2), and resulting 9-methyl-branched sphingoid base a plasma membrane lectin receptor-like kinase, RESISTANT TO...
Recently, a novel enzyme, 1-O-acylceramide synthase (ACS), was purified and characterized from bovine brain. This enzyme has both calcium-independent phospholipase A2 transacylase activities. The discovery of this led us to propose new pathway for ceramide metabolism in which the sn-2-acyl group either phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine is transferred 1-hydroxyl ceramide. In study, partial amino acid sequences revealed that contains identical those human lecithin:cholesterol...