A5013028112- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Political and Economic history of UK and US
- Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
- Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Policy and Reform Studies
- Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
- Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Tendon Structure and Treatment
- Labor Movements and Unions
- Political Systems and Governance
- Gender Politics and Representation
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Populism, Right-Wing Movements
- Legal Systems and Judicial Processes
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
University of Essex
2011-2024
McGill University
2008-2016
University of Bern
1998-2013
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2000-2006
University of Calgary
2003
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1995-2002
London School of Economics and Political Science
2002
Orthopaedic Research
2002
IIT@MIT
1995
Institut de Biologie et de Chimie des Protéines
1995
Integrin-mediated force application induces a conformational change in latent TGF-β1 that leads to the release of active form growth factor from extracellular matrix (ECM). Mechanical activation is currently understood as an acute process depends on contractile cells. However, we show ECM remodeling, preceding step, mechanically primes akin loading mechanical spring. Cell-based assays and unique strain devices were used produce cell-derived controlled organization prestrain. Mechanically...
ABSTRACT We have used new techniques of cell-length scale quantitative autoradiography to assess matrix synthesis, deposition, and deformation around individual chondrocytes in mechanically compressed cartilage explants. Our objectives were to: (1) quantify the effects static dynamic compression on deposition newly synthesized proteoglycans into cell-associated further-removed matrices; (2) measure strains morphological changes cell associated with tissue compression; (3) relate microscopic...
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels prepared by repeated freeze–thaw processing. The CNC-loaded had improved structural stabilities and distinct microstructures, characterized ordered domains of CNCs. water sorption the gels increased with CNC content due to hydrophilic nature cellulose decrease in PVA crystallinity. A reinforcement effect was observed samples upon application uniaxial, confined compression, elastic moduli PVA–CNC relative...
Abstract Mechanical overloading of cartilage has been implicated in the initiation and progression osteoarthrosis. Our objectives were to identify threshold levels strain rate peak stress at which sub‐impact loads could induce matrix damage chondrocyte injury bovine osteochondral explants explore relationships between damage, spatial patterns cell injury, applied loads. Single characterized by a constant 3 × 10 −5 0.7 s −1 3.5 14 MPa applied, after maintained culture for four days. At higher...
Abstract Introduction Excessive mechanical loading of intervertebral discs (IVDs) is thought to alter matrix properties and influence disc cell metabolism, contributing degenerative disease development discogenic pain. However, little known about how strain induces these changes. This study investigated the cellular molecular changes as well which inflammatory receptors cytokines were upregulated in human cells exposed high (HMS) at low frequency. The impact metabolic on neuronal...
Abstract The effects of mechanical injury on the metabolism cartilage matrix are interest for understanding pathogenesis osteoarthrosis and development strategies repair. purpose present study was to examine turnover in a calf articular explant system which loading cell activity cell‐mediated pathways already well characterized. New methods quantitative autoradiography were used combination with established biochemical biomechanical techniques analysis responses acute injury, particular...
This article examines the British Labour Party’s leadership election of 2015 , which resulted in unexpected victory radical-left candidate, Jeremy Corbyn. It looks at contest using Stark’s academic model elections, based on tripod selection criteria acceptability, electability and competence, finds it wanting. Selection rules, are downplayed model, then examined, as used a new system one-member-one-vote 2015. While these found to have had some impact, Corbyn’s cannot be explained primarily...
The mechanics of cartilage injuries have implications for repair strategies. We examined the role strain rate in injury under compression near "gel diffusion" (the inherent tissue mechanical relaxation rate). Bovine osteochondral explant disks were subjected to one radially unconfined axial at approximately 0.1, 1, 10, 100, or 1000 times gel diffusion a peak stress 3.5, 7, 14 MPa. Effects monitored terms strain, changes water content, superficial cracks, chondrocyte viability, and...
Background: A number of arthroscopic procedures that are used in the treatment focal cartilage lesions or osteoarthritic joints, such as shaving, débridement, and laser abrasion, involve removal both diseased healthy articular cartilage. The excision tissue has effect generating within fate chondrocytes border not been evaluated. purpose this investigation was to ascertain whether surgical creation induces irreversible loss over time from bordering wound edge determine synthetic activity...
Abstract The UK general election of 2010 resulted in Britain's first peacetime coalition government since the 1930s. parties, Conservatives and Liberal Democrats, agreed a comprehensive policy deal agreement. This paper undertakes content analysis that agreement to determine which party gained (or lost) most. 'Gained' 'lost' here both have very specific meanings they are based on comparisons positions as set out their respective manifestos with position new In global terms we find is nearer...
Abstract Repeated passaging in conventional cell culture reduces pluripotency and proliferation capacity of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We introduce an innovative method whereby the surface is dynamically enlarged during proliferation. This approach maintains constantly high density while preventing contact inhibition growth. A highly elastic was steps 5% over course a 20-day period to 800% initial area. Nine weeks dynamic expansion produced 10-fold more MSC compared with culture,...
Charged contrast agents have been used both in vitro and vivo for estimation of the fixed charge density (FCD) articular cartilage. In present study, effects molecular size on diffusion equilibrium distribution several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) computed tomography (CT) were investigated. Full thickness cartilage disks (Ø = 4.0 mm, n 64) prepared from fresh bovine patellae. Contrast agent (gadopentetate: Magnevist((R)), gadodiamide: Omniscan, ioxaglate: Hexabrix or sodium iodide: NaI)...
Expansion of autologous chondrocytes in vitro is used to generate adequate populations for cell-based therapies. However, standard (SD) culture methods cause loss chondrocyte phenotype and dedifferentiation fibroblast-like cells. Here, we use a novel surface expansion system an effort inhibit dedifferentiation. A highly elastic silicone rubber was continuously stretched over 13-day period 600% its initial area. This maintained cells at high density while limiting contact inhibition reducing...