A5012964877- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Respiratory viral infections research
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Imperial College London
2017-2025
MRC Centre for Environment and Health
2018-2024
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
2023
The London College
2022
St Mary's Hospital
2021
Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology
2020
<h3>Importance</h3> The incremental value of polygenic risk scores in addition to well-established prediction models for coronary artery disease (CAD) is uncertain. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine whether a score CAD improves beyond pooled cohort equations. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Observational study UK Biobank participants enrolled from 2006 2010. A case-control sample 15 947 prevalent cases equal number age sex frequency–matched controls was used optimize the predictive...
The unprecedented rise in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections during December 2021 was concurrent with rapid spread of the Omicron variant England and globally. We analyzed prevalence SARS-CoV-2 its dynamics from end November to mid-December among almost 100,000 participants REACT-1 study. Prevalence high growth nationally particularly London 2021, an increasing proportion due Omicron. observed large decreases swab positivity mostly vaccinated older...
Chronic low-grade inflammation is linked to a multitude of chronic diseases. We report the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) on C-reactive protein (CRP), marker systemic inflammation, in UK Biobank participants (N = 427,367, European descent) and Cohorts for Heart Aging Research Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium (total N 575,531 descent). identify 266 independent loci, which 211 are not previously reported. Gene-set analysis highlighted 42 gene sets associated with CRP...
Abstract Infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus is associated a wide range of symptoms. The REal-time Assessment Community Transmission − 1 (REACT-1) study monitored the spread and clinical manifestation among random samples population in England from May 2020 to 31 March 2022. We show changing symptom profiles different variants over that period, lower reporting loss sense smell or taste for Omicron compared previous variants, higher cold-like influenza-like symptoms, controlling vaccination...
Most studies of severe/fatal COVID-19 risk have used routine/hospitalisation data without detailed pre-morbid characterisation. Using the community-based UK Biobank cohort, we investigate factors for mortality in comparison with non-COVID-19 mortality. We investigated demographic, social (education, income, housing, employment), lifestyle (smoking, drinking, body mass index), biological (lipids, cystatin C, vitamin D), medical (comorbidities, medications) and environmental (air pollution)...
Background Rapid detection, isolation, and contact tracing of community COVID-19 cases are essential measures to limit the spread severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed identify a parsimonious set symptoms that jointly predict investigated whether predictive differ between B.1.1.7 (Alpha) lineage (predominating as April 2021 in US, UK, elsewhere) wild type. Methods findings obtained throat nose swabs with valid SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results from 1,147,370...
Rapid transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has led to record-breaking incidence rates around world. The Real-time Assessment Community Transmission-1 (REACT-1) study tracked SARS-CoV-2 infection in England using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results from self-administered throat and nose swabs randomly selected participants aged 5 years older approximately monthly May 2020 March 2022. Weighted prevalence...
The recent COVID-19 outbreak has generated an unprecedented public health crisis, with millions of infections and hundreds thousands deaths worldwide. Using hospital-based or mortality data, several risk factors have been identified, but these may be confounded biased.
BackgroundMost uterine cervical high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are transient, with only a small fraction developing into cancer. Family aggregation studies and heritability estimates suggest significant inherited genetic component. Candidate gene previous genome-wide association (GWASs) report associations between the HLA region Adopting approach, we aimed to compare variation in women invasive cancer intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 that healthy controls.MethodsWe...
BackgroundEngland has experienced a third wave of the COVID-19 epidemic since end May, 2021, coinciding with rapid spread delta (B.1.617.2) variant, despite high levels vaccination among adults. Vaccination rates (single dose) in England are lower children aged 16–17 years and 12–15 years, whose commenced August September, respectively. We aimed to analyse underlying dynamics driving patterns SARS-CoV-2 prevalence during England.MethodsThe REal-time Assessment Community Transmission-1...
Abstract We performed a multi-ethnic Epigenome Wide Association study on 22,774 individuals to describe the DNA methylation signature of chronic low-grade inflammation as measured by C-Reactive protein (CRP). find 1,511 independent differentially methylated loci associated with CRP. These CpG sites show correlation structures across chromosomes, and are primarily situated in euchromatin, depleted islands. genomic predominantly transcription factor binding enhancer regions. Mendelian...
Data System. The REal-time Assessment of Community Transmission-1 (REACT-1) Study was funded by the Department Health and Social Care in England to provide reliable timely estimates prevalence severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection over time, person place. Collection/Processing. study team (researchers from Imperial College London its logistics partner Ipsos) wrote named individuals aged 5 years older random cross-sections population England, using National...
Abstract Background Higher maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. However, whether these associations are causal remains unclear. Methods We explored the relation of pre-/early-pregnancy BMI 20 outcomes by integrating evidence from three different approaches (i.e. multivariable regression, Mendelian randomisation, paternal negative control analyses), including data over 400,000 women. Results All analytical supported higher...
Exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water and chlorinated swimming pools are associated with adverse health outcomes, but biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Evaluate short-term changes metabolic profiles response DBP exposure while a pool. The PISCINA-II study (EXPOsOMICS project) includes 60 volunteers 40 min an indoor Levels of most common DBPs were measured exhaled breath before after swimming. Blood samples, collected 2 h swimming, used for profiling by...
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been characterised by the regular emergence of genomic variants. With natural and vaccine-induced population immunity at high levels, evolutionary pressure favours variants better able to evade neutralising antibodies. Omicron variant (first detected in November 2021) exhibited a degree immune evasion, leading increased infection rates worldwide. However, estimates magnitude this wave have often relied on routine testing data, which are prone several...
Abstract Rapid transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has led to record-breaking case incidence rates around world. Since May 2020, REal-time Assessment Community Transmission-1 (REACT-1) study tracked spread infection in England through RT-PCR self-administered throat and nose swabs from randomly-selected participants aged 5 years over. In January 2022, we found an overall weighted prevalence 4.41% (n = 102,174), three-fold higher than November December 2021; sequenced 2,374 (99.2%)...
Abstract Infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus is associated a wide range of symptoms. The REal-time Assessment Community Transmission -1 (REACT-1) study has been monitoring the spread and clinical manifestation among random samples population in England from 1 May 2020 to 31 March 2022. We show changing symptom profiles different variants over that period, lower reporting loss sense smell taste for Omicron compared previous variants, higher cold-like influenza-like symptoms, controlling...
BackgroundSocioeconomic position as measured by education may be embodied and affect the functioning of key physiological systems. Links between social disadvantage, its biological imprint, cause-specific mortality morbidity have not been investigated in large populations, yet point towards areas for public health interventions beyond targeting individual behaviours.MethodsUsing data from 366,748 UK Biobank participants with 13 biomarker measurements, we calculated a Biological Health Score...
Abstract Background Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, evolutionary pressure has driven large increases in transmissibility virus. However, with increasing levels immunity through vaccination and natural infection will switch towards immune escape. Genomic surveillance regions high is crucial detecting emerging variants that can more successfully navigate landscape. Methods We present phylogenetic relationships lineage dynamics within England (a country immunity), as inferred from a random...
Abstract Stability selection represents an attractive approach to identify sparse sets of features jointly associated with outcome in high-dimensional contexts. We introduce automated calibration procedure via maximisation in-house stability score and accommodating a priori-known block structure (e.g. multi-OMIC) data. It applies [Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO)] penalised regression graphical models. Simulations show our outperforms non-stability-based approaches using...
Eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma defined by high levels of blood sputum eosinophils neutrophils exemplifies the inflammatory heterogeneity asthma, particularly severe asthma. We analysed serum proteome to identify biomarkers jointly associated with these different phenotypes.
Abstract Increasing evidence points to a role for inflammation in lung carcinogenesis. A small number of circulating inflammatory proteins have been identified as showing elevated levels prior cancer diagnosis, indicating the potential prospective protein concentration marker early To identify novel markers risk, we measured panel 92 648 prediagnostic blood samples from two cohorts Italy and Norway (women only). preserve comparability results protect against confounding factors, main...
Epigenetic alterations are essential in the development of cancers, while epigenome-wide exploration cervical cancer has been limited. In this association study (EWAS) we explore differential DNA methylation signatures associated with CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) grade 3 and to better understand potential drivers biomarkers carcinogenesis. 247 women were recruited between 2014 2020 (N = 119 benign, N 74 CIN3/CGIN [cervical glandular neoplasia] 54 cancer). Methylation obtained...