Mast cell microlocalization within the airway smooth muscle bundle is an important determinant of asthmatic phenotype. We hypothesized that mast cells migrate toward in response to muscle-derived chemokines. In this study, we investigated (1) chemokine receptor expression by bronchial biopsies from subjects with asthma using immunohistology, (2) concentration chemokines supernatants stimulated ex vivo and without measured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, (3) migration these chemotaxis...

We assessed the clinical and biochemical effects in asthmatic children of fish oil supplementation a diet that increases omega-3 reduces omega-6 fatty acids. Thirty nine aged 8-12 yrs participated double-blind, randomized, controlled trial for 6 months during which they received capsules plus canola margarine (omega-3 group) or safflower sunflower (omega-6 group). Plasma acids, stimulated tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) production, circulating eosinophil numbers lung function were...

Recent research suggests that vertical transmission may play an important role in sustaining Toxoplasma gondii infection some species. We report here congenital occurs at consistently high levels pedigree Charollais and outbred sheep flocks sampled over a 3-year period. Overall rates of per pregnancy determined by PCR based diagnosis, were consistent time commercial flock (69%) sympatric (60%) allopatric (41%) populations sheep. The result this was 53.7 % lambs acquiring prior to birth:...

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are closely related intracellular protozoan parasites associated with bovine ovine abortion respectively. Little is known about the extent of Neospora/Toxoplasma co-infection in naturally infected populations animals. Using nested PCR techniques, based on primers from Nc5 region N. SAG1 for T. , prevalence its were investigated Mus domesticus Rattus norvegicus aborted lambs ( Ovis aries ). A low frequency infection was detected (3%) (4·4%) populations....

The antipsoriatic dimethylfumarate (DMF) has been anecdotically reported to reduce asthma symptoms and improve quality of life patients. DMF decreases the expression proinflammatory mediators by inhibiting transcription factor NF-kappaB might therefore be interest for therapy inflammatory lung diseases. In this study, we determined effect on platelet-derived growth (PDGF)-BB- TNFalpha-induced asthma-relevant cytokines activation primary human asthmatic nonasthmatic airway smooth muscle cells...

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 585:243-256 (2017) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12418 REVIEW Patterns and trends in marine population connectivity research Dale N. Bryan-Brown1,*, Christopher J. Brown2, Jane M. Hughes3, Rod Connolly1 1Australian Rivers Institute Estuaries Coast, School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold...

Monitoring long-term spatiotemporal changes in populations of vulnerable species requires non-lethal methods. Here we investigate the utility environmental DNA (eDNA) for estimating relative biomass and abundance globally Endangered mulloway ( Argyrosomus japonicus ) a southeastern Australian estuary. During minimal tidal movement, 10 parallel transects at each 12 sites were surveyed, involving water samples being collected determining eDNA concentrations prior to hydroacoustics used...

Macroparasites potentially play a significant but often ignored role in the ecology and dynamics of wild ruminant populations. In Arctic, parasites may impact on host populations by exacerbating effects seasonal limited forage availability condition, fecundity survival individuals. We studied abomasal nematode warble flies, Hypoderma tarandi, condition pregnancy caribou Rangifer tarandus Dolphin-Union herd, Nunavut, Canada. By end winter, female over 2 years old showed decrease body weight...

SUMMARY The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is prevalent worldwide and can infect a remarkably wide range of hosts despite felids being the only definitive host. As cats play major role in transmission to secondary mammalian hosts, interaction between these should be factor determining final prevalence This study investigates T. natural population Apodemus sylvaticus collected from an area with low cat density (<2·5 cats/km 2 ). A surprisingly high 40·78% (95% CI: 34·07%–47·79%) was...

Abstract Transport of larvae by ocean currents is an important dispersal mechanism for many species. The timing and location spawning can have a large influence on settlement location. Shifts in the known habitat fish, whether due to climate or discovery new stock, distribution juveniles our understanding connectivity. globally distributed species; Pomatomus saltatrix , one such example where previously unrecognised summer event more southern latitudinal extent was recently reported...

The increase in the amount of airway smooth muscle bronchial wall associated with asthma is partly due to hyperplasia. It therefore important determine which factors regulate growth and especially proliferation. In this study, we describe effect interleukin-4 (IL-4), a mast cell- T lymphocyte-derived cytokine, on human proliferation as determined by [ 3 H]thymidine uptake presence fetal bovine serum (FBS), platelet-derived factor, basic fibroblast thrombin. IL-4 (5, 15, 50, 150 ng/ml)...

A study was carried out to investigate the frequencies of abortion and congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection within 27 families (765 individuals) a pedigree Charollais sheep flock maintained on working farm in Worcestershire, UK, since 1992. Pedigree lambing records were analysed establish frequency for each family. The determined family by PCR analysis tissue samples taken from newborn lambs. total 155 lambs tested T. infection, which all born during period 2000–2003. Significant...

Understanding the movement dynamics of marine fish provides valuable information that can assist with species management, particularly regarding protection within protected areas (MPAs). We performed an acoustic tagging study implemented Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Park on mid-north coast New South Wales, Australia, to assess patterns, home range and diel activity snapper (Chrysophrys auratus; Sparidae); a significant recreational commercial fishing importance in Australia. The focused...

Abstract Effective conservation and fisheries management requires data to capture demographic processes range limits for each species maximize population health productivity. This need is constrained by limited funding resources, particularly countries with large land areas coastlines as well expansive exclusive economic zones. imbalance means that monitoring efforts are often focused on targets of commercial recreational fishing, which results in incomplete distributional records...

The freshwater Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum (Atherinidae) has a broad northern and south‐eastern Australian distribution, been divided into two sub‐species. fulvus occurs in eastern western flowing drainages of the southeast, while C. s. north drainages. Four populations each sub‐species were sampled from different river systems to examine if genetic diversity was consistent with this nomenclature or previously proposed vicariance hypothesis. Allozyme data did not support notion that...

<b>Background:</b> Mast cell microlocalisation within the airway smooth muscle (ASM) bundle is an important determinant of asthmatic phenotype. We hypothesised that mast cells migrate towards ASM in response to derived chemokines. <b>Methods:</b> Primary cultures from subjects with and without asthma were stimulated interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-13 alone combination. chemotaxis these supernatants was investigated, chemotaxins mediating migration by using specific blocking antibodies for stem...

This study used allozymes and mtDNA variation to test that: 1) populations of two fish species, Nematolosa erebi Retropinna semoni , in lowland rivers central Australia were highly connected within drainages, 2) different drainages differentiated 3) there was evidence historical connections between major inland Australia. Levels genetic differentiation among low, but still statistically significant, indicating that not as had been predicted. Populations from the Murray–Darling Lake Eyre...