We hypothesized that the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and other MRI features can be used to predict medulloblastoma histologic subtypes, as defined by World Health Organization (WHO) in WHO Classification of Tumours Central Nervous System.A retrospective review pediatric patients with between 1989 2011 identified 38 both pretreatment original pathology slides. The mean minimum tumor ADC values conventional were compared among subtypes.The cohort included following subtypes: 24...

Objectives. Follow-up with a primary care provider (PCP) is recommended after an emergency department (ED) visit for asthma to assess clinical status and develop management plan improve future care. However, previous ED-based studies of urban children have reported low follow-up rates. The objective this study was determine whether scheduling appointment at the time ED improves PCP children. A secondary goal effect intervention on short-term health outcomes use preventive controller...

Abstract In this study, a spin‐ and gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging (SAGE EPI) MRI pulse sequence is presented that allows simultaneous measurements of spin‐echo dynamic susceptibility‐contrast perfusion‐weighted data. Following signal excitation, five readout trains were acquired using imaging, all them with echo times less than 100 ms. Contrast agent concentrations in brain tissue determined based on absolute R 2 estimates rather relative changes the signals individual trains, producing...

DAVFs and small AVMs are difficult to detect on conventional MR imaging/MRA or CTA examinations often require DSA for definitive diagnosis. The purpose of this study was assess the value venous signal intensity ASL imaging making diagnosis.Two neuroradiologists 1 neurologist reviewed studies in 26 patients, 15 whom had DSA-proved (<2 cm) AVMs. Pseudocontinuous performed at 1.5T with background-suppressed 3D-FSE readout. Using a 5-point scale, these readers assessed likelihood positive...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> DWI of the spinal cord is challenging because its small size and artifacts associated with most commonly used clinical imaging method, SS-EPI. We evaluated performance rFOV compared it routine fFOV SS-EPI in a population. <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> Thirty-six patients underwent 1.5T MR examination that included cervical as well 2 comparison diffusion sequences: normalized for either image readout time (low-resolution fFOV) or spatial resolution...

Concussion is a known risk in youth soccer, but little about subconcussive head impacts. The authors provided prospective cohort study measuring frequency and magnitude of impacts using accelerometry middle school–age soccer tournament, association between changes (1) symptoms, (2) cognitive testing, (3) advanced neuroimaging. A total 17 completed the (41% female, mean 12.6 years). There were 73 &gt;15 g measured (45% headers) only 2 had maximum peak linear acceleration &gt;50 g. No reported...

Robust collateral blood vessels have been associated with better neurologic outcome following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The most commonly used methods for identifying collaterals are contrast-based angiographic imaging techniques, which not possible in all patients after AIS.To assess the association between presence of identified using arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging, a technique that does require exogenous administration contrast, and AIS.This retrospective...

Current imaging diagnostic techniques are often insensitive to the underlying pathological changes following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) or concussion so much that explicit definition of these uncomplicated injuries includes absence radiological findings. In US military, this is complicated by natural tendency service members down play symptoms for fear removal from their unit particularly in combat making it challenging clinicians definitively diagnose and determine course treatment....

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Motion artifacts are a frequent source of image degradation in the clinical application MR imaging (MRI). Here we implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using multiscale fully convolutional neural network. <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> The network was trained to identify motion axial T2-weighted spin-echo images brain. Using extensive data augmentation scheme artifact simulation pipeline, created synthetic training dataset 93,600 based...

The purpose of this study was to estimate magnetic resonance imaging-based brain perfusion parameters from combined multiecho spin-echo and gradient-echo acquisitions, correct them for T₁₋, T₂₋, T₂₋*-related contrast agent (CA) extravasation effects, simultaneously determine vascular permeability. Perfusion data were acquired using a spin- (SAGE) echo-planar imaging sequence, which corrected CA effects pharmacokinetic modeling. presented method validated in simulations tumor patients,...

Uniform complete fat suppression is essential for identification and characterization of most head pathology. Our aim was to compare the multipoint Dixon turbo spin-echo fat-suppression technique with 2 different techniques, including a hybrid spectral presaturation inversion recovery an STIR technique, in neck MR imaging.Head imaging datasets 72 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed. All divided into groups based on type techniques used (group A: gadolinium-T1WI; group B: T2...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> DWI has the potential to improve detection and evaluation of spine spinal cord pathologies. This study assessed whether a recently described method (rFOV DWI) adds diagnostic value in clinical patients. <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> Consecutive patients undergoing clinically indicated cervical and/or thoracic imaging received standard anatomic sequences supplemented with sagittal rFOV by using b-value 500 s/mm². Two neuroradiologists blinded history...

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows image reconstruction along a spectrum of virtual monochromatic energy levels. We sought to determine the optimal level(s) for viewing supratentorial brain and posterior fossa compare those polychromatic conventional CT (CCT). Furthermore, we compared 2 groups scanned with separate DECT imaging protocols. In addition, quantify radiation dose versus CCT.Forty-four nonacute patients underwent noncontrast recent CCT on same scanner. images head were...

Questions remain regarding the long-term impact of combat concussive blast exposure. While efforts have begun to highlight clinical impact, less is known about neuroimaging trajectories that may inform underlying pathophysiological changes post-injury. Through collaborative in combat, following medical evacuation, and at universities USA, this study followed service members both with without concussion from sub-acute 1-year 5-year outcomes quantitative neuroimaging. The two primary...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Improved image quality is clinically desired for contrast-enhanced CT of the neck. We compared 30% adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction and model-based algorithms assessment <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> Neck data from 64 consecutive patients were reconstructed retrospectively by using reconstruction. Objective was assessed comparing SNR, contrast-to-noise ratio, background noise at levels 1 (mandible) 2 (superior mediastinum). Two independent blinded...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> 2D gradient-echo imaging is sensitive to T2* lesions (hemorrhages, mineralization, and vascular lesions), susceptibility-weighted even more sensitive, but at the cost of additional scan time (SWI: 5–10 minutes; gradient-echo: 2 minutes). The long acquisition SWI may pose challenges in motion-prone patients. We hypothesized that SWI/phase unwrapped images processed from could improve lesion detection. <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> brain 50 consecutive pediatric...

Bevacizumab (BEV) is increasingly used to treat recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) with some reported improvement in neurocognitive function despite potential neurotoxicities. We examined the effects of BEV on cerebral blood flow (CBF) within GBM tumor and contralateral middle artery (MCA) territory. Post-chemoradiation patients histologically confirmed were treated underwent routine, serial imaging additional pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pcASL) following informed consent. Circular...