Abstract In Central Europe, drought is the most important limiting factor for autumn‐sown cereals. Due to decline in groundwater, it a priority use less water‐demanding forms of crop production. Water efficiency ( WUE ) can only be increased if cultivars with satisfactory water management traits are grown, so that they exploit reserves soil even occurs during vegetation. consumption and winter wheat genotypes were investigated model experiment carried out climate‐controlled glasshouse. The...

Abstract The decline in the amount of water available to plants will lend growing importance dynamics uptake and use efficiency ( WUE ; g kg −1 ) cereals. Water properties were investigated terms phenological yield parameters five winter wheat genotypes a greenhouse experiment carried out climate‐controlled chambers. grown either with optimum supplies or simulated drought two phenophases, combined different CO 2 concentrations (ambient enriched 700 1000 ppm). Multivariate analysis showed...

The present study demonstrates capacity of α-MSH to augment recovery from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced retinal damage in vivo and correlation its protective effects with expression heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Used techniques include ocular ischemia reperfusion, electroretinography, histology, electron microscopy, molecular-biological techniques. results demonstrate the α-MSH-mediated inhibition I/R-induced functional deterioration retina. Outcomes suggest that occur mainly through...

The fungal homotetrameric flavoprotein pyranose 2-oxidase (P2Ox; EC 1.1.3.10) catalyses the oxidation of various sugars at position C2, while, concomitantly, electrons are transferred to oxygen as well alternative electron acceptors (e.g. oxidized ferrocenes). These properties make P2Ox an interesting enzyme for biotechnological applications. Random mutagenesis has previously been used identify variant E542K, which shows increased thermostability. In present study, we selected Leu537...

In the phytotron experiment, effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 (EC, 750 μmol mol-1) on drought tolerance was studied in two winter varieties (Mv Mambo, tolerant; Mv Regiment, moderately tolerant) and one spring variety wheat (Lona, sensitive to drought). Changes net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance, transpiration, wateruse efficiency, effective quantum yield photosystem II, activities glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-Stransferase (GST), guaiacol peroxidase (POD),...

Abstract Nucleophilic substitution results in inversion of configuration at the electrophilic carbon center (S N 2) or racemization 1). The stereochemistry nucleophile is rarely considered, but phosphines, which have a high barrier to pyramidal inversion, attack electrophiles with retention P. Surprisingly, cyclization bifunctional secondary phosphine alkyl tosylates proceeded under mild conditions yield P‐stereogenic syn ‐phosphiranes. DFT studies suggested that novel from acid‐promoted...

The effects of simulated waterlogging, drought stress and their combination were examined in a model experiment Martonvásár, Hungary, 2018. Four modern winter wheat varieties (‘Mv Toborzó’ (TOB), ‘Mv Mambó’ (MAM), Karizma’ (KAR), Pálma’ (PAL)) one old Hungarian cultivar (‘Bánkúti 1201’ (BKT)) tested. Apart from the control treatment (C), plants exposed to two different abiotic stresses. To simulate waterlogging (WL), flooded at four leaf stage, while WL + D treatment, they stressed both by...

The efficacy of a crude hydro-alcoholic extract Cassia fistula (golden shower tree) fruit to protect the kidney against bromobenzene-induced toxicity was studied. Negative control mice received normal saline; positive were given 460 mg/kg bromobenzene; treated 200, 400, 600 and 800 followed by bromobenzene (daily oral gavage for 10 days). On 11th day, sacrificed, blood samples obtained assess urea nitrogen (BUN) creatinine levels, kidneys removed histological examination. We found that...

The present investigation evaluates the capacity of Allium ursinum (wild garlic) leaf lyophilisate (WGLL; alliin content: 0.261%) to mitigate cardiovascular damage in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: (i) cholesterol-free rabbit chow (control); (ii) containing 2% cholesterol (hypercholesterolemic, HC); (iii) + WGLL (hypercholesterolemic treated, HCT); for eight weeks. At zero- and eight-week time points, echocardiographic measurements made,...

The use of pure oats (oats cultivated with special care to avoid gluten contamination from wheat, rye, and barley) in the gluten-free diet (GFD) represents important nutritional benefits for celiac consumer. However, emerging evidence suggests that some oat cultivars may contain wheat gliadin analog polypeptides. Consequently, it is necessary screen terms protein epitope composition be able select safe varieties applications. overall aim our study investigate variability directly related...

Protonation of cyclopropanes and aziridines is well-studied, but reactions phosphiranes with acids are rare have not been reported to result in ring opening. Treatment syn-Mes*PCH2CHR (Mes* = 2,4,6-(t-Bu)3C6H2, R Me or Ph, syn-1-2) anti-Mes*PCH2CHPh (anti-2) triflic acid resulted regiospecific anti-Markovnikov C-protonation opening cyclophosphination a Mes* ortho-t-Bu group yield the phospholanium cations [PH(CH2CH2R)(4,6-(t-Bu)2-2-CMe2CH2C6H2)][OTf] (R 3-4), which were deprotonated NEt3...

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical pathogenic mechanism in various eye diseases, and an effective therapeutic strategy remains unresolved. Natural derivatives have recently reemerged; therefore, our present study, we examined the potential effects of stilbenoid that chemically related to resveratrol. Pterostilbene, recognized for its anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective properties, counteracts oxidative stress during I/R through...

In Central Europe drought is one of the most important limiting factor for autumn-sown cereals. Due to decreasing in groundwater resources, it a priority make efficient use and promote less water-demanding forms crop production. Water efficiency can only be increased if cultivars with satisfactory water management traits are grown. To this end, consumption (WU) (WUE) winter wheat genotypes were investigated greenhouse experiment. Plants grown either optimum supply or simulated two...

Drought and insufficient nutrient supply are the main limiting factors for field crop production; therefore, present study aimed to investigate responses of four registered soybean varieties limited nitrogen (N) in combination with drought stress. Plants were grown tubes filled silica sand, under open-air conditions. Water shortage was initiated at three-leaf stage by providing 50% water, N deficiency obtained reducing content half-strength Hoagland solution 50%. did not influence grain...

Field crop production must adapt to the challenges generated by negative consequences of climate change. Yield loss caused abiotic stresses could be counterbalanced increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, but C3 plant species and varieties have significantly different reactions CO2. To examine responses wheat, barley oat enrichment in combination with simulated drought, a model experiment was conducted under controlled environmental conditions. The plants were grown climate-controlled...

Abstract Increasing CO 2 concentration ([ ]) is thought to induce climate change and thereby increase air temperatures the risk of drought stress, latter impairing crop growth. The objective this study was investigate effects elevated [ ] stress on root growth one maize genotype ( Zea mays cv. Simao) two sorghum genotypes Sorghum bicolor Bulldozer × sudanense Inka ) under cool moderate Central Europe. It hypothesized that stimulation due compensates for a reduced stress. Therefore, we...

The population of Earth exceed eight billion in 2022 and it is growing even faster [...]

Numerous Fusarium species have been associated with the head blight (FHB) disease of wheat, barley and other small-grain cereals, reducing worldwide cereal crop yields and, as a consequence their mycotoxin production in grain, having an impact on both human animal health.The year 2010 was extremely favourable for pathogens. Over hundred symptomatic wheat heads were collected from various locations Hungary. The aim to determine diversity infecting winter ears. A total 86 spp. morphologically...

The intensity and the frequency of extreme drought are increasing worldwide. An elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration could counterbalance negative impacts water shortage; however, wheat genotypes show high variability in terms reactions. development root system is a key parameter abiotic stress resistance. In our study, biomass grain production, as well growth three winter-wheat varieties were examined under optimum watering simulated combination with ambient concentrations. was monitored...

Abstract Nucleophilic substitution results in inversion of configuration at the electrophilic carbon center (S N 2) or racemization 1). The stereochemistry nucleophile is rarely considered, but phosphines, which have a high barrier to pyramidal inversion, attack electrophiles with retention P. Surprisingly, cyclization bifunctional secondary phosphine alkyl tosylates proceeded under mild conditions yield P‐stereogenic syn ‐phosphiranes. DFT studies suggested that novel from acid‐promoted...

Over the last two centuries atmospheric CO 2 level has exhibited a consistent rise, leading to an increase in greenhouse effect. This is now 35% higher than it was before industrial revolution. On basis of various scenarios from Special Report on Emissions expected rise present 385 ppm 650–970 by end 21 st century.Plant biomass and resistance winter wheat powdery mildew pathotypes were investigated at normal (400 ppm) enhanced (700 levels greenhouse. Wheat cultivars Ukrainka Mv Hombár, 12...

Tetrahedral main-group compounds are normally configurationally stable, but P-epimerization of the chiral phosphiranium cations syn- or anti-[Mes*P(Me)CH2 CHPh][OTf] (Mes*=2,4,6-(t-Bu)3 C6 H2 ) occurred under mild conditions at 60 °C in CD2 Cl2 , resulting isomerization to give a syn-enriched equilibrium mixture. Ion exchange with excess [NBu4 ][Δ-TRISPHAT] (Δ-TRISPHAT=Δ-P(o-C6 Cl4 O2 )3 followed by chromatography on silica removed ][OTf] and gave mixtures CHPh][Δ-TRISPHAT]⋅x[NBu4...

Pure oats in gluten-free diets (GFD) represent important nutritional benefits for people suffering from celiac disease (CD). However, oat cultivars do not contain the typical CD-related wheat gliadin analog polypeptides. Emerging evidence suggests that containing gluten-like epitopes avenin sequences may pose potential health risks patients rare cases, depending on individual's susceptibility. Consequently, it is necessary to screen terms of protein and epitope composition, be able select...