Abstract Whether non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)—induced suppression of bone ingrowth is due to cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1) inhibition, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) or through a yet unidentified pathway unknown. In this study, the effects non‐specific COX‐1 and COX‐2 inhibitor, versus specific inhibitor on tissue differentiation are examined in vivo. Harvest chambers were implanted unilaterally tibiae eight mature, New Zealand white rabbits. After 6‐week period for osseointegration...

Background Aseptic loosening and periprosthetic osteolysis resulting from wear debris are major complications of total joint arthroplasty. Monocyte/macrophages the key cells related to at bone-implant interface arthroplasties. Whether monocyte/macrophages found implant in presence polyethylene particles locally or systemically derived is unknown. Questions/purposes We therefore asked (1) whether macrophages associated with particle-induced chronic inflammation recruited (2) enhanced locally....

Abstract The biological mechanisms leading to periprosthetic osteolysis involve both chemokines and the monocyte/macrophage cell lineage. Whether MCP‐1 plays a major role in macrophage recruitment presence of wear particles is unknown. We tested two hypotheses: (1) that exogenous local delivery induces systematic (2) blockade ligand‐receptor axis decreases ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles. Six groups nude mice were used. used non‐invasive imaging assay osteolysis....

Osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is regulated by numerous signaling pathways. Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter, has previously been demonstrated to induce new formation stimulating the receptors on BMSCs, but essential mediators DA-induced osteogenic remain unclear.In this work, we evaluated influence both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor activation BMSC differentiation. Gene protein expression osteogenic-related markers were tested. The direct binding...

Abstract Polyethylene wear debris induces progressive osteolysis by increasing bone degradation and suppressing formation. particles inhibit the function of mature osteoblasts, but whether polyethylene also interfere with proliferation differentiation osteoprogenitor cells is unknown. In this study, we investigated effects ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMWPE) on osteogenic activity primary murine marrow osteoprogenitors MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblastic in vitro . Submicron‐sized UHMWPE generated from...

Wear particles generated from total joint arthroplasty (TJA) stimulate macrophages to release chemokines. The role of chemokines released wear particle-stimulated on the migration and osteoprogenitor cells in vitro has not been elucidated. In this study, we challenged murine (RAW 264.7) with clinically relevant polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, 1-10 microm) ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, 2-3 particles. chemotactic effects conditioned media (CM) were tested using human (THP-1)...

We proposed and fabricated a nanofilm half-wave plate consisting of periodic arrays orthogonally coupled slit-hole resonator structures in Au film. Experimental results reveal that 95.2% energy the incident linearly polarized light is converted to perpendicular polarization direction after reflection from nanostructure. The wave single layer with only 180 nm thickness, which much thinner than operation wavelength. Our method can be expanded other resonant or transmitted case.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have been widely used for drug delivery due to their large specific surface area and excellent biocompatibility. However, the mesoporous structure of MSN would lead inevitable "premature release" drugs, therefore modification controlled seems be a necessary step. Herein, chitosan (CS) was functionalization via amidation reaction, introduced CS could function as "gatekeeper" methotrexate (MTX) might encapsulated in mesopores MSN. As result, MTX...

Abstract The effects of a short course COX‐2 inhibitor on bone healing when the drug is discontinued are unknown. We examined rofecoxib ingrowth over 6‐week period using well‐defined animal model. Bone Harvest Chamber was implanted bilaterally in mature rabbits. After osseointegration chamber, following treatments were given for 6 weeks each, followed by harvest each case: control‐no drug; oral (12.5 mg/day) first 2 weeks; washout period‐no last continuously all weeks. Harvested specimens...

Abstract Sclerostin is a glycoprotein secreted by osteocytes and inhibits osteoblastogenesis via inhibition of Wnt signaling. We hypothesized that sclerostin antibody (Scl‐AbIII) would accelerate the healing murine femoral non‐critical size bone defect model. A unilateral unicortical 0.8 mm‐sized drill hole was made in proximal shaft adult female nude mice. One group mice received subcutaneous injections Scl‐AbIII second vehicle only. Reporter MC3T3 osteoprogenitor cells were injected tail...

Abstract INTRODUCTION The spatial and temporal patterns of cortical mean diffusivity (cMD), as well its association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suspected non‐Alzheimer's pathophysiology (SNAP), are not yet fully understood. METHODS We compared baseline ( n = 617) longitudinal changes 421) cMD, thickness, gray matter volume their relations to vascular risk factors, amyloid beta (Aβ), tau positron emission tomography (PET), cognitive decline in Aβ PET negative positive older adults. RESULTS...

Abstract VEGF and receptor, Flt-1, expression was observed in periprosthetic tissues surrounding loosened total joint implants. Exposure of monocyte/macrophages to titanium particles resulted increased expression, p44/42 MAPK activation, VEGF-dependent macrophage chemotaxis. Increased levels angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, may be critically important wear debris-induced implant loosening after arthroplasty. Introduction: Periprosthetic osteolysis hip arthroplasty occurs association with...

Abstract Aseptic implant loosening of total joint replacements often results from particle‐mediated bone loss, which may be a combined effect osteolysis and suppressed formation. Bone regeneration in the prosthetic bed depends on activity osteoblasts their differentiation osteoprogenitors marrow. This study investigated effects polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles ability marrow to differentiate into vitro . Murine cells challenged with PMMA first day osteogenic medium showed...

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in wear-debris associated total joint replacement failure. We hypothesized the absence of IL-1 type-1 receptor would mitigate inflammatory response to titanium particles and decrease periprosthetic tissue murine intramedullary rod model.An with without commercially pure was placed femora 24 wild type mice (WT) lacking functional IL-1. Femora were analyzed histologically by ELISA organ culture explant supernatants.The...

We show that optical transmission of linearly polarized light through a plasmonic subwavelength metallic grating cascaded with dielectric at 45° angle to each other is asymmetric in opposite directions. A key characteristic this the polarization transmitted changed. Simulation results reveal 0.92 one direction and 10−5 can be obtained normal incidence wavelength 1550 nm. Because their high performance loose fabrication requirements, structures may provide practical applications control transmission.

The wetting behaviour of pure copper on the surface TC4 titanium alloy and 304 stainless steel plates was studied by sessile drop method at temperatures 1273–1433 K under high vacuum. FeO oxide film limited solid/liquid interfacial mass transfer in a Cu/304ss system, but TiO not limiting factor Cu/TC4 system. potential spreading model judged Rn-t relationship, which n close to 4 confirmed presence diffusion-limited wetting. For Cu/304ss, ≤ 10: this indicated between that reactive control...

Abstract Wound healing is a multicellular collaborative process in which the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts wound basis for ensuring rapid healing, this process, it can promote regeneration remodeling tissue extracellular matrix. Studies have shown that Arg‐Gly‐Asp adhesive peptide (RGD) basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimulate by activating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, respectively. This study adopts principle layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly, binding force formed...

Abstract Wear debris from total joint replacement prostheses is implicated in periprosthetic osteolysis and implant loosening. The pathophysiology of this biological process remains unclear. Animal models particle‐induced have proven useful the study specific tissue responses to wear debris. However, existing vivo murine particle‐mediated inflammation do not permit analysis cortical bone degradation. This describes a model particle disease using an intramedullary rod mouse femur parallel...

Abstract The role of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) responding to microbial remnants, indolent biofilms or cellular byproducts in aseptic loosening joint replacements is unknown. Thus, the effect titanium (Ti) particles on TLR protein levels was evaluated. To create a model particle‐induced inflammation, an intramedullary stainless steel rod with and without Ti bilaterally placed femora 14 mice. animals were sacrificed at 2 10 weeks postoperatively paraffin‐embedded femur sections evaluated for...