A5010530806- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Potato Plant Research
- Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Agriculture and Biological Studies
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
2017-2023
International University of Rabat
2022-2023
Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles
2022
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
2022
North Dakota State University
2011-2016
Dakota State University
2013
University of Bologna
2013
Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops
1994
Durum wheat is the 10th most important crop in world, and its use traces back to origin of agriculture. Unfortunately, last century only part genetic diversity available for this species has been captured modern varieties through breeding. Here, population structure shared among elites landraces collected from 32 countries was investigated. A total 370 entries were genotyped with Axiom 35K array identify 8,173 segregating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Of these, 500 selected as...
Durum wheat is an important food crop in the world and endemic species of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In highlands Ethiopia oases Sahara this has been cultivated for thousands years. Today, smallholder farmers still grow it on marginal lands to assure production their own consumption. However, durum no longer just a staple security but become major cash crop. fact, pasta, burghul couscous industry currently purchase grain at prices 10 20% higher than that bread wheat. as whole imports over €4...
Plant breeding requires numerous generations to be cycled and evaluated before an improved cultivar is released. This lengthy process required introduce test multiple traits of interest. However, a technology for rapid generation advance named 'speed breeding' was successfully deployed in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) achieve six per year while imposing phenotypic selection foliar disease resistance grain dormancy. Here, the first time deployment this methodology presented durum Desf.)...
The optimal root system architecture (RSA) of a crop is context dependent and critical for efficient resource capture in the soil. Narrow growth angle promoting deeper often associated with improved access to water nutrients deep soils during terminal drought. RSA, therefore drought-adaptive trait that could minimise yield losses regions limited rainfall. Here, GWAS seminal (SRA) identified seven marker-trait associations clustered on chromosome 6A, representing major quantitative locus...
Durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) is a major cereal crop grown globally, but its production often hindered by droughts. Breeding for adapted root system architecture should provide strategic solution better capturing moisture. The aim of this research was to adapt low‐cost and high‐throughput methods phenotyping exploring the genetic variability among 25 genotypes. Two protocols were used: “clear pot” seminal “pasta strainer” evaluate mature roots. Analysis variance revealed significant...
Durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) is the 10th most important crop in world, and its cultivation occurs on a vast array of international agroenvironments. However, wide adaptation only marginally documented. Here, 24 genotypes comprising elites from ICARDA breeding program commercial checks were assessed at 27 field stations located 18 countries. Analysis variance revealed significant environment, genotype, genotype × environment (GxE) effects for phenology, height, grain yield, size, with...
Representative, broad and diverse collections are a primary resource to dissect genetic diversity meet pre-breeding breeding goals through the identification of beneficial alleles for target traits. From 2,500 tetraploid wheat accessions obtained an international collaborative effort, Global Durum Panel (GDP) 1,011 genotypes was assembled that captured 94–97% original diversity. The GDP consists wide representation Triticum turgidum ssp. durum modern germplasm landraces, along with selection...
Abstract At the turn of 2000 many authors envisioned future plant breeding. Twenty years after, which those authors’ visions became reality or not, and ones may become so in to come. After two decades debates, climate change is a “certainty,” food systems shifted from maximizing farm production reducing environmental impact, hopes placed into GMOs are mitigated by their low appreciation consumers. We revise herein how breeding raise reduce genetic gains based on breeder's equation. “Accuracy...
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is a major crop of North Africa. Here, its production affected by Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor, HF) epidemics. Genetic resistance against this pest exist, but molecular basis remains unclear. panel 159 modern lines were exposed to the Moroccan HF biotype. Association mapping studies revealed three loci conferring resistance. QH.icd-2A was identified at LOD 24.1 on telomeric end 2AL, and it believed represent novel locus derived from T. dicoccum....
Tunisia, being part of the secondary center diversity for durum wheat, has rich unexploited landraces that are continuously lost and replaced by high yielding modern cultivars. This study aimed to investigate genetic population structure 196 wheat lines issued from collected Tunisia using Diversity Array Technology sequencing (DArTseq) understand possible ways introduction in comparing them surrounding countries. A total 16,148 polymorphic DArTseq markers covering equally B genomes were...
Abstract Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are an important source of genetic diversity for crop improvement. The aim this study was to assess the usefulness deploying CWRs in durum wheat [ Triticum turgidum L. subsp. (Desf.) van Slageren] breeding. A set 60 accessions selected include cultivars from nine countries, top lines obtained via elite‐by‐elite crossing, and CWR‐derived lines. These were screened resistance against four major fungal diseases reveal that a good Septoria leaf blotch (...
Heat stress occurring during the reproductive stage of wheat has a detrimental effect on productivity. A durum core set was exposed to simulated terminal heat by applying plastic tunnels at time flowering over two seasons. Mean grain yield reduced 54% compared control conditions, and number most critical trait for tolerance this stress. The combined use indices identified five top performing elite lines: Kunmiki, Berghouata1, Margherita2, IDON37-141, Ourgh. also subjected genome wide...
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) breeders over the past century have increased productivity and resilience of this crop via strong selection applied to genes controlling agronomically important traits. Along process, some primitive genetic diversity species was lost. A debate exists on whether or not original should be re-introgress into modern germplasm in order facilitate new improvements. Here, possible negative effects re-introducing were assessed by comparing performances three ICARDA...
Abstract Low adoption of agricultural technologies slows efforts to increase productivity and enhance rural livelihoods in developing countries. A large body literature has sought explanations for the problem, but focus been mainly on micro-level farm community factors affecting adoption. Institutional such as policies market conditions, which are also important, have largely overlooked and, few, if any, studies combine two levels analysis. We use Morocco a case study analyze institutional...
Durum wheat is an important crop for the human diet and its consumption gaining popularity. In order to ensure that durum production maintains pace with increase in demand, it necessary raise productivity by approximately 1.5% per year. To deliver this level of annual genetic gain incorporation molecular strategies has been proposed as a key solution. Here, four RILs populations were used conduct QTL discovery grain yield (GY) 1,000 kernel weight (TKW). A total 576 individuals sown at three...
Abstract Management and distribution of experimental data from prebreeding projects is important to ensure uptake germplasm into breeding research programs. Being able access share this in standard formats essential. The adoption a common informatics platform for crops that may have limited resources brings economies scale, allowing components be used across multiple species. close integration such with commonly software, visualization, analysis tools reduces the barrier entry researchers...
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) production can experience significant yield losses due to crown rot (CR) disease. Losses are usually exacerbated when disease infection coincides with terminal drought. is very susceptible CR, and resistant germplasm not currently available in elite breeding pools. We hypothesize that deploying physiological traits for drought adaptation, such as optimal root system architecture reduce water stress, might minimize CR infection. This study...
Crop wild relatives (CWR) are a good source of useful alleles for climate change adaptation. Here, 19 durum wheat, 24 barley, and lentil elites incorporating CWR in their pedigrees were yield tested against commercial checks across environments located Morocco, Ethiopia, Lebanon, Senegal. For each crop, the combined analysis variance showed that genotype (G), environment (E), x (G×E) effects significant most traits. A selection index combining potential (G) stability was used to identify six...
Rusts of the genus Puccinia are wheat pathogens. Stem (black; Sr), leaf (brown; Lr), and stripe (yellow; Yr) rust, caused by graminis f. sp. tritici ( Pgt ), triticina Pt striiformis Pst can occur singularly or in mixed infections pose a threat to production globally terms wide dispersal their urediniospores. The development durable resistant cultivars is most sustainable method for controlling them. Many resistance genes have been identified, characterized, genetically mapped, cloned;...
Abstract Background Development of a high quality reference sequence is daunting task in crops like wheat with large (~17Gb), highly repetitive (>80%) and polyploid genome. To achieve complete assembly such genomes, development physical map necessary first step. However, due to the lack recombination certain regions chromosomes, genetic mapping, which uses frequency marker loci, alone not sufficient develop scaffolds for ready map. Radiation hybrid (RH) radiation induced chromosomal...