Changes in the expression of Na transport proteins were measured kidneys mice with increased dietary K intake for 1 wk. The epithelial channel (ENaC) was upregulated, enhanced full-length and cleaved forms α-ENaC γ-ENaC. At same time, amount NaCl cotransporter NCC its phosphorylated form decreased by ~50% ~80%, respectively. Na-K-2Cl NKCC2 also decreased, despite an increase overall protein content. effect stronger males (80%) than females (40%). This implies that less Na+ is reabsorbed...

We measured the activities of epithelial Na channels (ENaC) and ROMK in distal nephron mouse kidney assessed their role process K+ secretion under different physiological conditions. Under basal dietary conditions (0.5% K), ENaC activity, as amiloride-sensitive currents, was high cells at end convoluted tubule (DCT) proximal connecting (CNT), a region we call early CNT (CNTe). In more parts (aldosterone-sensitive portion [CNTas]), these currents were minimal. This functional difference...

The ability of intracellular and extracellular Mg2+ to block secretory K+ currents through ROMK channels under physiologic conditions is incompletely understood. We expressed ROMK2 in Xenopus oocytes measured unitary the inside-out cell-attached modes patch-clamp technique. With 110 mM on both sides membrane, 0.2 5 cytoplasmic side reduced outward currents, but not inward at Vm > 0. 11 or 1.1 ([K+]o), ≥0.2 blocked range (0 −60 mV). decreasing [K+]o, apparent dissociation constant blocker...

The ability of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) to discriminate among cations was assessed based on changes in conductance and reversal potential with substitution. Human ASIC1a expressed Xenopus laevis oocytes, acid-induced currents were measured using two-electrode voltage clamp. Replacement extracellular Na+ Li+, K+, Rb+, or Cs+ altered inward shifted the potentials consistent a selectivity sequence Li ∼ Na > K Rb Cs. Permeability decreased more rapidly than as function atomic...

We examined renal Na and K transporters in mice with deletions the gene encoding aldosterone-induced protein SGK1. The knockout were hyperkalemic, had altered expression of subunits epithelial channel (ENaC). kidneys showed decreased cleaved forms γENaC subunit, fully glycosylated form βENaC when animals fed a high-K diet. Knockout treated exogenous aldosterone also reduced subunit processing diminished surface γENaC. Expression three upstream NHE3, NKCC2, NCC was both wild-type response to...

We studied gender differences in Na + -Cl − cotransporter (NCC) activity and expression wild-type (WT) AT 1a receptor knockout (KO) mice. In renal clearance experiments, urine volume (UV), glomerular filtration rate, absolute (E ) K ), fractional (FE excretion were measured compared at peak changes after bolus intravenous injection of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 30 mg/kg). WT, females responded more strongly than males to HCTZ, with larger increases UV (7.8- vs. 3.4-fold), E (11.7- 5.7-fold),...

We assessed effects of acute volume reductions induced by administration diuretics in rats. Direct block Na + transport produced changes urinary electrolyte excretion. Adaptations to these appeared as alterations the expression protein for distal nephron transporters NCC and ENaC. Two hours after a single injection furosemide (6 mg/kg) or hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 30 K excretion increased but no content activated forms (phosphorylated on residue T53) ENaC (cleaved γ-subunit) were detected....

Dietary Na restriction, through the mineralocorticoid aldosterone, acts on epithelial channels via both fast (24 h) and slow (5-7 days) mechanisms in kidney. The effect entails increased proteolytic processing trafficking of channel protein to apical membrane. It is rapidly reversible by receptor antagonist eplerenone largely lost when tubules are studied ex vivo. does not require or surface expression, refractory acute treatment, preserved Both effects contribute retention Increased Na+...

We studied sex differences in response to high K+ (HK) intake on thiazide-sensitive cation (Na+ and K+) excretion wild-type (WT) ANG II receptor subtype 1a (AT1aR) knockout (KO) mice. Renal clearance experiments were performed examine Na+-Cl- cotransporter (NCC) activity mice fed with control HK (5% KCl, 7 days) diets. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)-induced changes urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, absolute Na+ excretion, fractional compared. HK-induced NCC, Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3...

Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling. Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) an extracellular glycoprotein. Recent studies suggest that FSTL1 may participate in the pathogenesis of asthma.To analyze association between and some parameters inspect role asthma.We examined levels 32 asthmatics 25 controls. All subjects enrolled had routine blood tests, spirometry, impulse oscillometry performed. Additionally, 15 underwent fibre optic bronchoscopy. Spearman rank analysis was performed to...

We investigated the regulation of Na + and K excretion epithelial channel (ENaC) in mice lacking gene for aldosterone synthase (AS) using clearance methods to assess electrophysiology Western blot analysis test ENaC activity processing. After 1 day dietary restriction, AS −/− lost more urine than +/+ did. wk on this diet, both genotypes strongly reduced urinary excretion, but creatinine decreased only mice. Only animals exhibited increased function, assessed as amiloride-sensitive whole cell...

Abstract We compared the regulation of NaCl cotransporter (NCC) in adaptation to a low-K (LK) diet male and female mice. measured hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)-induced changes urine volume (UV), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), absolute (ENa, EK), fractional (FENa, FEK) excretion mice on control-K (CK, 1% KCl) LK (0.1% diets for 7 days. With CK, NCC-dependent ENa FENa were larger females than males as observed previously. However, with LK, HCTZ-induced increased but not females, abolishing sex...

Aquaporin 5 (AQP‑5) is a water channel protein that closely associated with non‑small cell lung cancer tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of tanshinol treatment on AQP‑5 in tissue rats sepsis. Animals rat sepsis model were randomly divided into six groups including blank control (ctrl), sham operation (SO), (sepsis), low dose (5 mg/kg/day; Tan‑L), moderate (10 Tan‑M) and high (20 Tan‑H) groups. After 7 days administration, expression level mRNA was detected by...

Purpose Our previous results showed that cadmium (Cd)‐adapted lung epithelial cells (LECs) developed resistance to apoptosis due non‐responsiveness of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase pathway and augmented expression cytokeratin 8. Since cellular Cd entry is a prerequisite in order for elicit its cytotoxicity, therefore, we wonder if there are differential metal ion transport ability also other phenotypic changes occurred these Cd‐resistant LECs. Experimental design Here, explored further found...

We investigated the features of inward-rectifier K channel Kir1.1 (ROMK) that underlie saturation currents through these channels as a function permeant ion concentration. compared values maximal and apparent Km for three ions: K+, Rb+, NH4+. Compared with K+ (imax = 4.6 pA 10 mM at −100 mV), Rb+ had lower permeability, imax (1.8 pA), higher (26 mM). For NH4+, permeability was reduced more smaller changes in (3.7 pA) (16 assessed role site near outer mouth process. This could be occupied by...

We investigated the effects of changing extracellular K+ concentrations on block weak inward-rectifier channel Kir1.1b (ROMK2) by three intracellular cations Mg2+, Na+, and TEA+. Single-channel currents were monitored in inside-out patches made from Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing channels. With 110 mM inside (cytoplasmic) solution 11 outside (extracellular) solution, these blocked with a range apparent affinities (Ki (0) = 1.6 for 160 1.8 TEA+) but similar voltage dependence (zδ 0.58 0.71...

The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is a key transporter mediating and controlling reabsorption in many tight epithelia. A very high selectivity for over other cations, including K+, hallmark of this channel. This greatly exceeds that the closely related acid-sensing channels (ASICs). Here, we assess roles two regions ENaC transmembrane pore determination cation selectivity. Mutations conserved amino acids with acidic side chains near cytoplasmic end diminish macroscopic currents but do not...

Intracellular [Na+] ([Na+]i) modulates the activity of epithelial Na channel (ENaC) to help prevent cell swelling and regulate Na+ transport, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We show here that short-term (60–80 min) incubation ENaC-expressing oocytes in high results a 75% decrease activity. When β subunit was truncated, corresponding gain-of-function mutation found Liddle's syndrome, same maneuver reduced by 45% despite larger increase [Na+]i. In both cases inhibition occurred with...

Abstract Although hyperpolarization‐activated cation (HCN) ion channels are well established to underlie cardiac pacemaker activity, their role in smooth muscle organs remains controversial. HCN‐expressing cells localized renal pelvic (RPSM) tissues of the murine upper urinary tract and HCN channel conductance is required for peristalsis. To date, however, I h current conducted by has never been detected these cells, raising questions on identity RPSM pacemakers. Indeed, mechanisms unique...

Background: Presynaptic and postsynaptic neurotoxins are two important neurotoxins. Due to the role of presynaptic in pharmacology neuroscience, identification them becomes very biology. Method: In this study, statistical test F-score were used calculate difference between amino acids biological properties. The support vector machine was predict by using reduced acid alphabet types. Results: By as input parameters machine, overall accuracy our classifier had increased 91.07%, which highest...

With increasingly growing knowledge of genetics and rapid accumulation genealogy information, pedigree data is becoming very important. Efficiently identifying all paths for an individual plays important role in computing genealogical measurements such as inbreeding kinship coefficients individuals. In this paper, we propose a new compact path encoding scheme, present efficient scheme on large pedigrees to enable path-based computations graphs. We also use coefficient computation example...

The thiazide sensitive Na‐Cl co‐transporter (NCC) in the distal tubule can be regulated by dietary potassium intake and is critical for electrolyte homeostasis. Previously we reported that there was higher NCC activity expression female over male mice high‐K preserved sex‐difference of NCC‐mediated sodium absorption due to comparable reductions both sexes. However, with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)‐induced kaliuresis greater males than mice, suggesting a more powerful adaptation intake. In...

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are cation that activated by protons (H+). They expressed in neurons throughout the nervous system and may play important roles several neurologic disorders including inflammation, cerebral ischemia, seizures, neurodegeneration, anxiety, depression, migraine. ASICs generally produce transient currents desensitize response to a decrease extracellular pH. Under certain conditions, inactivation of can be incomplete allow them sustained currents. Here, we...