A5015330029- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- GABA and Rice Research
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Cassava research and cyanide
- Biochemical and biochemical processes
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Nuts composition and effects
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
John Innes Centre
2014-2024
Norwich Research Park
2003-2022
University of Bologna
2002-2014
University of Hohenheim
2014
Quadram Institute
2001-2010
University of Bergamo
2007
University of Milano-Bicocca
2007
Gene Therapy Laboratory
2007
University of Siena
1999
Plants have evolved intracellular immune receptors to detect pathogen proteins known as effectors. How these effectors remains poorly understood. Here we describe the structural basis for direct recognition of AVR-Pik, an effector from rice blast pathogen, by NLR receptor Pik. AVR-PikD binds a dimer Pikp-1 HMA integrated domain with nanomolar affinity. The crystal structure Pikp-HMA/AVR-PikD complex enabled design mutations alter protein interaction in yeast and vitro, perturb...
A subset of plant intracellular NLR immune receptors detect effector proteins, secreted by phytopathogens to promote infection, through unconventional integrated domains which resemble the effector’s host targets. Direct binding effectors these activates defenses. The rice receptor Pik-1 binds Magnaporthe oryzae AVR-Pik an heavy metal-associated (HMA) domain. However, stealthy alleles AVR-PikC and AVR-PikF avoid interaction with Pik-HMA evade Here, we exploited knowledge biochemical...
• Here the effect of jasmonic acid, methyljasmonate and Na-orthovanadate on production resveratrol was studied in Vitis vinifera cv. Barbera cell suspension cultures. at 0.1 mm 1 concentration efficient promoting and/or accumulation release culture medium cis-resveratrol while trans-resveratrol levels were not affected by this treatment. Methyljasmonate highly effective stimulating both trans- endogenous accumulation, as well their into medium. Cis-resveratrol absent or detected very low...
Background and Objectives Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells have shown anti-leukemic activity little graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in several animal models. The safety of these autologous settings has been shown. We performed a phase I study allogeneic (donor's) CIK patients relapsing after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Design Methods Eleven with acute myelogenous leukemia (n=4), Hodgkin's (n=3), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, (n=1), pre-B lymphoblastic (n=1)...
Both plants and animals rely on nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing (NB-LRR or NLR) proteins to respond invading pathogens activate immune responses. How plant NB-LRR is poorly understood. We undertook a gain-of-function random mutagenesis screen of the potato receptor R3a study how this protein responds effector AVR3a from oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans. response can be extended stealthy AVR3aEM isoform while retaining recognition AVR3aKI. Each one eight...
Plant nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors detect pathogen effectors and initiate an immune response. Since their discovery, NLRs have been the focus of protein engineering to improve disease resistance. However, this approach has proven challenging, in part due narrow response specificity. Previously, we revealed structural basis recognition by integrated heavy metal associated (HMA) domain rice NLR Pikp (Maqbool et al., 2015). Here, used structure-guided expand profile...
Organisms need to balance sufficient uptake of iron (Fe) with possible toxicity. In plant roots, a regulon genes is transcriptionally activated under Fe deficiency, but it unknown how this response inactivated when becomes available. Here we describe the function 2 partially redundant E3 ubiquitin ligases, BRUTUS-LIKE1 (BTSL1) and BTSL2, in Arabidopsis thaliana provide evidence that they target transcription factor FIT, key regulator uptake, for degradation. The btsl double mutant failed...
Microbial plant pathogens secrete effector proteins, which manipulate the host to promote infection. Effectors can be recognized by intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors, initiating an immune response. The AVR-Pik from rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a pair of NLR Pik-1 and Pik-2. contains noncanonical integrated heavy-metal-associated (HMA) domain, directly binds activate defenses. targets are also HMA-domain-containing namely isoprenylated proteins...
A novel form of translational regulation is described for the key polyamine biosynthetic enzyme <i>S</i>-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC). Plant <i>AdoMetDC</i> mRNA 5′ leaders contain two highly conserved overlapping upstream open reading frames (uORFs): tiny and 3′ small uORFs. We demonstrate that uORF-encoded peptide responsible constitutively repressing downstream translation proenzyme ORF in absence increased levels. This first example a sequence-dependent uORF to be plants...
Abstract Polyphenols, including stilbenes and flavonoids, are an essential part of human diet constitute one the most abundant ubiquitous groups plant secondary metabolites, their level is inducible by stress, fungal attack or biotic abiotic elicitors. Proteomic analysis Vitis vinifera (L.) cultivar (cv.) Barbera grape cell suspensions, showed that amount 73 proteins consistently changed in 50 μg/mL chitosan‐treated samples compared with controls, between two which 56 were identified MS...
Arms race co-evolution drives rapid adaptive changes in pathogens and the immune systems of their hosts. Plant intracellular NLR receptors detect effectors delivered by to promote susceptibility, activating an response that halts colonization. As a consequence, pathogen evolve escape recognition are highly variable. In turn, one most diverse protein families plants, this variability underpins differential effector variants. The molecular mechanisms underlying natural variation NLRs starting...
S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) is a key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis. We show that the plant AdoMetDC activity subject to post-transcriptional control by polyamines. A highly conserved small upstream open reading frame (uORF) mRNA 5′ leader responsible for translational repression of downstream β-glucuronidase reporter cistron transgenic tobacco plants. Elimination uORF from an cDNA led increased relative efficiency proenzyme The resulting caused disruption levels with...
RNA-binding proteins play a central role in post-transcriptional mechanisms that control gene expression. Identification of novel fungi is essential to unravel networks and cellular processes confer identity the fungal kingdom. Here, we carried out functional characterisation filamentous fungus-specific protein RBP35 required for full virulence development rice blast fungus. contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM) six Arg-Gly-Gly tripeptide repeats. Immunoblots identified two...
The symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobium bacteria in root nodules has a high demand for iron, questions remain regarding which transporters are involved. Here, we characterize two nodule-specific Vacuolar iron Transporter-Like (VTL) proteins Medicago truncatula. Localization of fluorescent fusion mutant studies were carried out to correlate with existing RNA-seq data showing differential expression VTL4 VTL8 during early late infection, respectively. vtl4 insertion lines...
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC; EC 4.1.1.50) is one of the key regulatory enzymes in biosynthesis polyamines. Isolation genomic and cDNA sequences from rice Arabidopsis had indicated that this enzyme encoded by a small multigene family monocot dicot plants. Analysis rice, maize AdoMetDC species revealed possesses an extended C-terminus relative to human enzymes. Interestingly, we discovered all expressed plant mRNA 5´ leader contain highly conserved pair overlapping upstream...
Abstract Magnaporthe oryzae is the most important fungal pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa). Under laboratory conditions, it able to colonize both aerial and underground plant organs using different mechanisms. Here, we characterize an infection-related development in M. produced on hydrophilic polystyrene (PHIL-PS) roots. We show that spores develop preinvasive hyphae (pre-IH) from hyphopodia (root penetration structures) or germ tubes pre-IH also enter root cells. Changes cell wall structure...
Higher yield potential and greater stability are common targets for crop breeding programs, including those in rice. Despite these efforts, biotic abiotic stresses continue to impact rice production. Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is the most devastating disease affecting worldwide. In field, resistant varieties unstable can become susceptible within a few years of release due adaptive fungus, specifically effector (avirulence [AVR]) gene pool. Here, we analyzed genetic...