A5086098130- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory
- Laser Design and Applications
- Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
- Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses
- Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
- Color Science and Applications
- Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates
Culham Science Centre
2012-2022
Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
2013-2022
United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
2021-2022
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
2018
Max Planck Society
2018
Airbus (United Kingdom)
2008
National Institute of Standards and Technology
1973
Imperial College London
1971
Textron (United States)
1964-1970
Wilmington University
1966-1969
This paper describes the status of pre-conceptual design activities in Europe to advance technical basis a DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant (DEMO) come operation around middle this century with main aims demonstrating production few hundred MWs net electricity, feasibility closed-tritium fuel cycle, and maintenance systems capable achieving adequate plant availability. is expected benefit as much possible from ITER experience, terms design, licensing, construction. Emphasis on an integrated...
This paper is part of a series publications concerning the development European DEMO during Pre-Concept Design Phase (2014-2020), and also describing strategy for next phase. In particular, it deals with physics basis plasma scenarios employed definition various baselines released so far, assumptions adopted where necessary. course Phase, some these have been progressively replaced results dedicated modelling activities or code developments in general, which are summarized here. The...
Disruptions are a critical issue for ITER because of the high thermal and magnetic energies that released on short timescales, which results in extreme forces heat loads. The choice material plasma-facing components (PFCs) can have significant impact loads arise during disruption. With ITER-like wall (ILW) JET made beryllium main chamber tungsten divertor, finding is low fraction radiation. This has dropped significantly with ILW from 50–100% total energy being dissipated disruptions CFC...
The new full-metal ITER-like wall (ILW) at JET was found to have a profound impact on the physics of disruptions. main difference is significantly lower fraction (by up factor 5) energy radiated during disruption process, yielding higher plasma temperatures after thermal quench and thus longer current times. Thus, larger total conducted resulting in heat loads. Active mitigation by means massive gas injection became necessity avoid beryllium melting already moderate levels magnetic (i.e....
The electrical and thermal conductivities of hydrogen, nitrogen, argon have been measured up to 14 000°K for pressures between 0.5 2.0 atm using a wall-stabilized electric arc as plasma source. Generally satisfactory agreement is noted theory experiment the conductivity. Equally good found conductivity nitrogen when energy transfer by vacuum ultraviolet radiation included in transport calculations. For hydrogen difference much factor 2 observed at lower temperatures; this dependent on...
A key feature of disruptions during vertical displacement events, discovered in JET 1996, is the toroidal variation measured plasma current Ip, i.e. asymmetries, lasting for almost entire quench. The unique magnetic diagnostics at (full set poloidal coils and saddle loops recorded either from two toroidally opposite or four orthogonal locations) allow a comprehensive analysis asymmetrical with large scale database. This paper presents an 4854 over 18 year period that includes both carbon (C)...
This paper discusses the criteria to be used in preliminary design phases of EU-DEMO reactor ensure performance divertor without compromising stability core plasma or fusion power generation. work refers a lower single null conventional using actively cooled solid metal plasma-facing components and with extrinsic seeding for heat flux dissipation, which is solution currently being adopted EU-DEMO. The analysis does not consider role edge localised modes, also neglects major off-normal events...
Continuum radiation measurements are presented for nitrogen over a spectral range from 975 to 37 000 \AA{} temperatures ranging 9000 13 500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 1- 2- atm pressure. The were made using plasma produced in dc mechanically constricted arc generator. data is separated by temperature-dependence curve fit into the contributions positive-ion neutral-atom radiation. ${\mathrm{N}}^{+}$ compared an analytical calculation based on Burgess Seaton quantum-defect method...
Total radiation measurements for nitrogen, oxygen, and argon plasmas are presented 2000Å < λ 60 000Å temperatures from 9000 to 15 000°K. These data compared previous the total continuum theoretical calculations line radiation. The was found be of same order magnitude as continuum. Taking into account effect absorption in measurements, a lower limit is obtained accuracy calculations.
Abstract L to H transition studies at JET have revealed an n = 0, m 1 magnetic oscillation starting immediately the (called M-mode for brevity). While is present a weak ELM-less H-mode regime obtained, with clear increase of density and electron temperature pedestal. It intermediate state between H-mode. In ICRH heated plasmas or low NBI mode pedestal can remain steady (with small oscillations) duration heating phase, order 10 s more. The axisymmetric has period ~0.5–2 ms, poloidal number 1:...
Once the high-level requirements for a fusion power plant are set, expected performance of systems, including plasma, must be defined and then available design space can explored in order to converge on final overall operating point, setting major parameters such as number toroidal field (TF) coils, tokamak radius, flows etc. Such explorations conducted using systems codes which contain simplified models attempt capture interactions between them balance trade-offs enforce consistency. This...
Vacuum ultraviolet atomic nitrogen and oxygen lines can contribute significantly to the transfer of energy in a high-density plasma for temperatures order 1 eV. To calculate amount transferred via these optically thick conditions, $f$ value Stark half-widths are needed. This paper presents experimental measurements parameters which were obtained from graphical solution curve growth. The results compared with theory other data. A comparison is also made between experiment radiation emitted...
Fables of total continuum radiation for nitrogen, oxygen, and air have been generated 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 aim X > 2000A temperatures ranging from 9000° to 20,000°K. These estimates are based on measurements a water-cooled constricted arc at atmospheric pressure. The spectral were integrated separated into contributions atom-electron positive ion-electron interactions by curve fit theory. A solution the constants y;, governing magnitude these reactions, allowed extrapolation other pressures...
This paper describes the first development and implementation of a closed loop edge localized mode (ELM) frequency controller using gas injection as actuator. The has been extensively used in recent experiments on JET it proved to work well at ELM frequencies 15–40 Hz range. responds effectively variety disturbances, generally recovering requested within approximately 500 ms. Controlling become prime importance new configuration with all metal walls, where insufficient is associated...
The electron-neutral transport cross section and the electrical conductivity of Hg have been determined using a constricted dc arc. This arc has novel configuration which permits precise measurement pressure, voltage gradient, temperature profile, total current. For range 5000–6500 °K, was found to be 1 × 10−14 cm2 with precision ± 6% an absolute accuracy 20%. A description apparatus technique is presented as well comparison other existing data.
Thirty previously unclassified emission lines all broadened by autoionization, have been observed in the Hg I spectrum. Half of these assigned to transitions involving 5d96s27s 3D2, 3D3 and 5d106p2 3P2' as upper levels. Approximate Fano parameters are given for eight lines. It is suggested that position 5d96s26p 3D30 level be revised, a tentative identification made 1F30.
Get PDF Email Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Mendeley BibSonomy Citation Copy Text J. C. Morris, "Comments the Measurement of Emittance Globar Radiation Source," Opt. Soc. Am. 51, 798_1-799 (1961) Export BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain alert Save article
As power plant design programmes approach the transition between pre-conceptual and conceptual phases, systems code PROCESS has been improved to incorporate more detailed plasma physics, engineering, analysis modules. Unlike many codes, combines physics modelling with both technology costs analysis. Some of key topics in phase are toroidal field (TF) magnet design, divertor handling, operational sensitivity, economic uncertainty Models covering these areas have integrated or PROCESS. During...