G. Calabró
A5006348828- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Conservation Techniques and Studies
- Online Learning and Analytics
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Building materials and conservation
- Disability Education and Employment
- Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Dental Research and COVID-19
- Text Readability and Simplification
- Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics
- Sports Performance and Training
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Advanced materials and composites
Università degli Studi della Tuscia
2017-2025
Culham Science Centre
2012-2024
Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
2010-2024
Royal Military Academy
2020
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
2010-2019
Max Planck Society
2018
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
2018
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
2017
ITER
2013
Aalto University
2012
A comparison of the L–H power threshold (Pthr) in JET with all carbon, JET-C, and beryllium/tungsten wall (the ITER-like choice), JET-ILW, has been carried out experiments slow input ramps matched plasma shapes, divertor configuration IP/BT pairs. The low density dependence threshold, namely an increase below a minimum ne,min, which was first observed MkII-GB C subsequently not current MkII-HD geometry, is again JET-ILW. At densities above Pthr reduced by ∼30%, ∼40% when radiation from bulk...
The COVID-19 occurrence is causing a global request for effective measures aimed at mitigating the infection spread. Facemasks have been identified as an essential device people to protect themselves well others from aerosol containing virus. provide critical barrier, reducing number of infectious viruses or bacteria in exhaled breath. present review describes most relevant literature studies on materials and processing technologies used facemask development testing. Antibacterial antiviral...
Abstract An overview is presented of the progress since 2021 in construction and scientific programme preparation Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility. Licensing for building has been granted at end 2021. Cat. A radiologic source also 2022. The toroidal field magnet system progressing. prototype 170 GHz gyrotron produced it now under test on FALCON design vacuum vessel, poloidal coils civil infrastructures completed. shape first DTT divertor agreed with EUROfusion to different plasma exhaust...
Abstract Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder that causes issues related to reading, which affects around 10% of the worldwide population. This can compromise comprehension and memorization skills, result in anxiety lack self-esteem, if no support provided. Moreover, this should be highly personalized, actually helpful. In paper, model classify most useful methodologies students with dyslexia has been created, focus on university alumni. The prediction algorithm based supervised machine...
The new full-metal ITER-like wall (ILW) at JET was found to have a profound impact on the physics of disruptions. main difference is significantly lower fraction (by up factor 5) energy radiated during disruption process, yielding higher plasma temperatures after thermal quench and thus longer current times. Thus, larger total conducted resulting in heat loads. Active mitigation by means massive gas injection became necessity avoid beryllium melting already moderate levels magnetic (i.e....
A new technique has been developed to produce plasmas with improved confinement relative the H98,y2 scaling law (ITER Physics Expert Groups on Confinement and Transport Modelling Database ITER Basics Editors EDA 1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 2175) JET tokamak. In mid-size tokamaks ASDEX upgrade DIII-D heating during current formation is used a flat q-profile minimum close 1. On this leads q-profiles similar q but opposite other not an state. By changing method utilizing faster ramp temporary higher...
In the recent JET experimental campaigns with new ITER-like wall (JET-ILW), major progress has been achieved in characterization and operation of H-mode regime metallic environments: (i) plasma breakdown at first attempt X-point L-mode recovered a few days operation; (ii) stationary stable type-I ELMy H-modes βN ∼ 1.4 have low high triangularity shape plasmas are showing that their operational domain H = 1 is significantly reduced JET-ILW mainly because need to inject large amount gas (above...
Type I ELMy H-mode operation in JET with the ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW) generally occurs at lower pedestal pressures compared to those full carbon (JET-C). The density is similar but temperature where type ELMs occur reduced and below so-called critical I–type III transition reported JET-C experiments. Furthermore, confinement factor H98(y,2) baseline plasmas JET-ILW low power fractions Ploss/Pthr,08 < 2 (where Ploss (Pin − dW/dt), Pthr,08 L–H threshold from Martin et al 2008 (J. Phys....
Plasma exhaust has been identified as a major challenge towards the realisation of magnetic confinement fusion. To mitigate risk that single null divertor (SND) with high radiation fraction in scrape-of-layer (SOL) adopted for ITER will not extrapolate to DEMO reactor, EUROfusion consortium is assessing potential benefits and engineering challenges alternative configurations. Alternative configurations could be readily design include X (XD), Super-X (SXD), Snowflake (SFD) double (DND). The...
This work presents an overview of the integrated strategy developed, as part DEMO Key Design Integration Issue 1 (KDII1), to protect EU-DEMO first wall (FW) from planned and unplanned plasma transients by employing discrete limiters. The present Breeding Blanket (BB) FW design, which aims at minimizing loss neutrons while travelling breeding zone, is able withstand steady state heat fluxes up ≈1-1.5 MW/m² [1], not sufficient guarantee its integrity for most plasma-FW direct contact....
FAST is a new machine proposed to support ITER experimental exploitation as well anticipate DEMO relevant physics and technology. aimed at studying, under burning plasma conditions, fast particle (FP) physics, operations wall interaction in an integrated way. has the capability approach all scenarios significantly closer than present day experiments using deuterium plasmas. The necessity of achieving performance with moderate cost led conceiving compact tokamak (R = 1.82m, 0.64m) high...
To consolidate International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) design choices and prepare for its operation, Joint European Torus (JET) has implemented ITER's plasma facing materials, namely, Be the main wall W in divertor. In addition, protection systems, diagnostics, vertical stability control were upgraded heating capability of neutral beams was increased to over 30 MW. First results confirm expected benefits limitations all metal components (PFCs) but also yield understanding...
Heat and particle loads on the plasma facing components are among most challenging issues to be solved for a reactor design. Alternative magnetic configurations may enable tokamak operation with lower peak heat load than standard single null (SN) divertor. This papers reports creation control of one such alternatives: two-null nearby divertor configuration. An important element this study is that was produced large superconducting as an experimental advanced tokamak. A preliminary experiment...
The TCV tokamak is augmenting its unique historical capabilities (strong shaping, strong electron heating) with ion heating, additional heating compatible high densities, and variable divertor geometry, in a multifaceted upgrade program designed to broaden operational range without sacrificing fundamental flexibility. rooted three-pronged approach aimed at ITER support, explorations towards DEMO, research. A 1 MW, tangential neutral beam injector (NBI) was recently installed promptly...
To study the impact of strong impurity radiation on energy confinement and discharge stability at JET-ILW, dedicated high-density, highly heated experiments with neon seeding have been performed. In these an increase in core especially pedestal region plus a characteristic X-point radiator inside confined observed. The increased separatrix had no confinement. Only highest puff rates heating powers () weak H-mode without back-transitions to L-mode (M-mode) could be achieved, while lower or...
Abstract The research program of the TCV tokamak ranges from conventional to advanced-tokamak scenarios and alternative divertor configurations, exploratory plasmas driven by theoretical insight, exploiting device’s unique shaping capabilities. Disruption avoidance real-time locked mode prevention or unlocking with electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was thoroughly documented, using magnetic radiation triggers. Runaway generation high- Z noble-gas injection runaway dissipation...
Specific learning disorders affect a significant portion of the population. A total 80% its instances are dyslexia, which causes difficulties in skills related to reading, memorizing and exposition concepts. Whereas great efforts have been made diagnose dyslexia mitigate effects at primary secondary school, little has done university level. This resulted sensibly high rate abandonment or even failures enroll. The VRAIlexia project was created face this problem by creating popularizing an...
This study investigates indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort in Italian university classrooms, considering seasonal variations. Poor IAQ can impair students’ cognitive performance well-being, making ventilation strategies crucial. The aim is to assess CO2 levels, temperature, humidity, analyzing their interactions across seasons. A monitoring protocol was applied three classrooms using NDIR sensors a microclimate assessment system. Sensors were placed strategically capture...
Since the 2012 IAEA-FEC Conference, FTU operations have been largely devoted to runaway electrons generation and control, exploitation of 140 GHz electron cyclotron (EC) system liquid metal limiter elements. Experiments on shown that measured threshold electric field for their is larger than predicted by collisional theory can be justified considering synchrotron radiation losses. A new control algorithm was developed tested in presence a current plateau, allowing minimize interactions with...
Research towards a plasma exhaust solution for fusion power plant aims at validating edge physics models, strengthening predictive capabilities and improving the divertor configuration. The TCV tokamak is extensively used to investigate extent that geometric configuration modifications can affect performance. Recent experiments continue previous detachment studies of Ohmically heated L-mode plasmas in standard single-null configurations, benefitting from range improved diagnostic...