E. Giovannozzi
A5061847087- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
ENEA Frascati Research Centre
2007-2025
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
2015-2024
Royal Military Academy
2020
European Steel Association
2018
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
2016
Max Planck Society
2015
Culham Science Centre
2011
Sapienza University of Rome
1989
Abstract The JET hybrid scenario has been developed from low plasma current carbon wall discharges to the record-breaking Deuterium-Tritium plasmas obtained in 2021 with ITER-like Be/W wall. development started pure Deuterium refinement of current, and toroidal magnetic field choices succeeded solving heat load challenges arising 37 MW injected power ITER like environment, keeping radiation edge core controlled, avoiding MHD instabilities reaching high neutron rates. have re-run Tritium...
We discuss the processes underlying excitation of fishbone-like internal kink instabilities driven by supra-thermal electrons generated experimentally different means: electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and lower hybrid (LH) power injection. The peculiarity interest exciting these fishbones ECRH only or LH is also analysed. Not mode stability explained, but transition between steady state nonlinear oscillations to bursting (almost regular) pulsations, as observed in FTU, interpreted...
Views Icon Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Search Site Citation M. N. A. Beurskens, T. H. Osborne, P. Schneider, E. Wolfrum, L. Frassinetti, R. Groebner, Lomas, I. Nunes, S. Saarelma, Scannell, B. Snyder, D. Zarzoso, Balboa, Bray, Brix, J. Flanagan, C. Giroud, Giovannozzi, Kempenaars, Loarte, de la Luna, G. Maddison, F. Maggi, McDonald, Pasqualotto, Saibene, Sartori, Emilia...
Type I ELMy H-mode operation in JET with the ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW) generally occurs at lower pedestal pressures compared to those full carbon (JET-C). The density is similar but temperature where type ELMs occur reduced and below so-called critical I–type III transition reported JET-C experiments. Furthermore, confinement factor H98(y,2) baseline plasmas JET-ILW low power fractions Ploss/Pthr,08 < 2 (where Ploss (Pin − dW/dt), Pthr,08 L–H threshold from Martin et al 2008 (J. Phys....
Abstract In this work the onset of tearing modes in termination phase plasma pulses on JET is investigated. It shown that broadening or shrinking current density profile, as a consequence core hollowing an edge cooling electron temperature strongly increases probability destabilizing 2/1 mode also absence external trigger (e.g. sawtooth crash). Two parameters are defined to highlight changes shape profile can lead MHD instabilities and empirical stability diagram introduced into space two...
FAST is a new machine proposed to support ITER experimental exploitation as well anticipate DEMO relevant physics and technology. aimed at studying, under burning plasma conditions, fast particle (FP) physics, operations wall interaction in an integrated way. has the capability approach all scenarios significantly closer than present day experiments using deuterium plasmas. The necessity of achieving performance with moderate cost led conceiving compact tokamak (R = 1.82m, 0.64m) high...
Heat and particle loads on the plasma facing components are among most challenging issues to be solved for a reactor design. Alternative magnetic configurations may enable tokamak operation with lower peak heat load than standard single null (SN) divertor. This papers reports creation control of one such alternatives: two-null nearby divertor configuration. An important element this study is that was produced large superconducting as an experimental advanced tokamak. A preliminary experiment...
The TCV tokamak is augmenting its unique historical capabilities (strong shaping, strong electron heating) with ion heating, additional heating compatible high densities, and variable divertor geometry, in a multifaceted upgrade program designed to broaden operational range without sacrificing fundamental flexibility. rooted three-pronged approach aimed at ITER support, explorations towards DEMO, research. A 1 MW, tangential neutral beam injector (NBI) was recently installed promptly...
Abstract The EUROfusion JET-ILW pedestal database is described, with emphasis on three main issues. First, the technical aspects are introduced, including a description of data selection, datasets, diagnostics used, experimental and theoretical methods implemented definitions. Second, structure stability described. In particular, work describes links between engineering parameters (power, gas divertor configuration) disagreement peeling-ballooning (PB) model ideal magnetohydrodynamics...
Abstract We present an overview of results from a series L–H transition experiments undertaken at JET since the installation ITER-like-wall (JET-ILW), with beryllium wall tiles and tungsten divertor. Tritium, helium deuterium plasmas have been investigated. Initial in tritium show ohmic transitions low density power threshold for ( P LH ) is lower than ones densities, while we still lack contrasted data to provide scaling high densities. In there notable shift which minimum <?CDATA...
Recent progress in experimental and theoretical studies of edge localized mode (ELM) physics is reviewed for the reactor relevant plasma regimes, namely high confinement that is, H-modes advanced scenarios.
Since the 2012 IAEA-FEC Conference, FTU operations have been largely devoted to runaway electrons generation and control, exploitation of 140 GHz electron cyclotron (EC) system liquid metal limiter elements. Experiments on shown that measured threshold electric field for their is larger than predicted by collisional theory can be justified considering synchrotron radiation losses. A new control algorithm was developed tested in presence a current plateau, allowing minimize interactions with...
The dependence of the H-mode edge transport barrier width on normalized ion gyroradius (ρ * = ρ/a) in discharges with type I ELMs was examined experiments combining data for JET and DIII-D tokamaks.The plasma configuration as well local pressure (β), collisionality (ν ), Mach number ratio electron temperature at pedestal top were kept constant, while ρ varied by a factor four.The steep gradient region (T e ) density (n pedestals
Abstract The confinement in JET baseline type I ELMy H-mode plasmas is compared to that so-called hybrid H-modes a database study of 112 with the carbon fibre composite (CFC) wall. typically have β N ∼ 1.5–2, H 98 1, whereas 2.5–3, < 1.5. contains both low- ( δ 0.2–0.25) and high-triangularity 0.4) from last operational campaigns CFC wall period 2008–2009. Based on detailed global as well pedestal core confinement, there no evidence form separate groups; it emerges transition between two...
Electron temperatures in excess of 8 keV have been obtained by electron-cyclotron-resonance heating on FTU plasmas at peak densities up to $8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{19}\mathrm{m}{}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. The magnetic shear the plasma core is low or negative, and electron heat diffusivity remains at, below, Ohmic level $(0.2\mathrm{m}{}^{2}/\mathrm{s})$, spite very large power density $(10--20\mathrm{MW}/\mathrm{m}{}^{3})$ which produces extremely high temperature gradients (up...
Advanced scenario plasmas must often be run at low densities and high power, leading to hot edge temperatures consequent power handling issues plasma - surface interaction zones. Experiments ...
Diagnostics for monitoring dust in tokamaks during plasma discharges, both established and currently being developed, are discussed with a focus on the range of parameters they can detect. Visible imaging be used particles bigger than few µm velocities below 1 km s −1 . The impact ionization phenomenon detection above Laser light scattering gives an insight into amount sub-micron dust. Aerogels, porous materials, allow capturing without destroying them determining their velocity. Other...
The first evidence of dust-impact ionization processes in the scrape-off layer Frascati tokamak upgrade (FTU) was reported Nucl. Fusion 47 L5 (2007) . In this work an extended data analysis (both electrostatic probe signals and surface analysis) is presented, using results empirical studies hypervelocity impacts. Within accuracy limits application such to plasma environment, are shown be consistent with occurrence impacts by micrometre size iron particles at velocities order 10 km s −1
The turbulence in the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma of FTU is characterized order to assess its effect on current drive efficiency lower hybrid (LH) waves. Amplitude, frequency and perpendicular wave vector fluctuations are measured for a variety main conditions front LH antenna together with temperature density SOL used as inputs linear scattering theory waves developed many years ago. This theoretical model can account both spectral broadening pump variations driven current, inferred by...
Studies on the current-drive (CD) efficiency have been carried out in FTU tokamak with 8 GHz lower-hybrid waves up to line-averaged plasma density ${\overline{n}}_{e}>1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. High efficiencies, larger than $0.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\mathrm{A}/\mathrm{W}$, are obtained for clean conditions, no significant degradation as is increased accessibility limit. The electron...
The use of electrostatic probes as a diagnostic tool the dust particles in tokamak edge plasmas is investigated. Probe measurements fluctuations scrape-off layer t ...
Pedestal and scrape-off layer (SOL) dynamics due to edge localized modes (ELMs) have been studied on JET with improved diagnostic capability. The new high resolution Thomson scattering system enables detailed measurement of the space time evolution T e n pedestal profiles. SOL for type I ELMy H-mode plasmas a wide range plasma conditions. During short period <200 µs after ELM event radial profiles filaments in electron density temperature observed. After that is increased remains several...
The paper deals with JET polarimeter measurements and in particular it presents a study of the Faraday rotation angle, which is used as constraint equilibrium codes. This angle can be calculated by means rigorous numerical solution Stokes equations. A detailed comparison calculations carried out time traces measurements, inside limited dataset representative discharges: general, found that Cotton–Mouton phase shift represented to To obtain this agreement for rotation, magnetic surfaces must...